Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sonia M. Grandi, Stefanie N. Hinkle, Sunni L. Mumford, Lindsey A. Sjaarda, Katherine L. Grantz, Pauline Mendola, James L. Mills, Anna Z. Pollack, Edwina Yeung, Cuilin Zhang, Enrique F. Schisterman
Summary: This study examined whether giving birth to male infants increases the risk of maternal mortality. The results showed that women who give birth to male infants do not have an increased risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality, suggesting that giving birth to male infants may not influence the long-term health of women.
PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Annette M. Langer-Gould, Edlin Grisell Gonzales, Jessica B. Smith, Bonnie H. Li, Lorene M. Nelson
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) varies by race and ethnicity. The results showed that MS prevalence was higher in White and Black individuals, while significantly lower in Hispanic and Asian individuals in Southern California.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Melissa A. Richard, Jenil Patel, Renata H. Benjamin, Emine Bircan, Stephen J. Canon, Lisa K. Marengo, Mark A. Canfield, A. J. Agopian, Philip J. Lupo, Wendy N. Nembhard
Summary: This study suggests that boys with hypospadias have a higher risk of co-occurring major CHDs. These findings support the consideration of additional CHD screening programs for boys born with hypospadias.
Article
Surgery
Christina L. Marcaccio, Priya B. Patel, Livia E. V. M. de Guerre, Jacqueline E. Wade, Vinamr Rastogi, Aderike Anjorin, Peter A. Soden, Kakra Hughes, Salvatore T. Scali, Art Sedrakyan, Marc L. Schermerhorn
Summary: This study identified disparities in 5-year outcomes and imaging surveillance after elective endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) by sex, race, and ethnicity. Black females had the highest rates of aneurysm rupture, reintervention, and mortality, while white females had higher rates of rupture, mortality, and loss-to-imaging follow-up. Asian females had higher rupture rates, and black males had higher rates of reintervention and loss-to-imaging follow-up. These findings suggest that preoperative counseling and clinical outreach should be improved for these populations.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Reza Mohebi, Chen Chen, Nasrien E. Ibrahim, Cian P. McCarthy, Hanna K. Gaggin, Daniel E. Singer, Emily P. Hyle, Jason H. Wasfy, James L. Januzzi
Summary: This study aims to project the number of people with cardiovascular risk factors and diseases in the future and uncover disparities based on sex, race, and ethnicity. It is projected that there will be significant increases in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases by 2060, disproportionately affecting racial and ethnic minorities.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sabrina A. Assoumou, Alicia Peterson, Ellen Ginman, Thea James, Cassandra M. Pierre, Sebastian Hamilton, Sheila Chapman, John Goldie, Robert Koenig, Elena Mendez-Escobar, Hannah Leaver, Robert Graham, Renee Crichlow, Tarsha Weaver, Sandra Cotterell, Guale Valdez, Denise De Las Nueces, Nancy A. Scott, Benjamin P. Linas, Petrina Martin Cherry
Summary: Academic medical centers are crucial in increasing access to and uptake of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. The Boston Medical Center implemented a vaccination program that focused on community-based sites, mobile vaccination events, and strong partnerships to ensure equitable distribution. Challenges included the need for a robust operational infrastructure and addressing community mistrust.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Angela Martinez-Strengel, Elizabeth A. Samuels, Jeremiah Cross, Laura D. Cramer, Mayur M. Desai, Ruth Gotian, Cary P. Gross, Darin Latimore, Jose E. Cavazos, Dowin Boatright
Summary: From 2009 to 2018, there was a consistent and sustained increase in the percentage of female and underrepresented minority (URM) matriculants to MD-PhD programs. However, the annual increases in the percentages across groups were small, and the demographics of the MD-PhD workforce still do not reflect the diversity of the U.S. general population.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kosuke Imai, Santiago Olivella, Evan T. R. Rosenman
Summary: Prediction of individuals' race and ethnicity is crucial in studying racial disparity. Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding (BISG) is a leading methodology for this task, but it faces data problems. We introduce a fully Bayesian BISG (fBISG) method that addresses census measurement error and utilizes additional name data to improve race imputation accuracy.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Madeline E. Wood, Lisa Y. Xiong, Yuen Yan Wong, Rachel F. Buckley, Walter Swardfager, Mario Masellis, Andrew S. P. Lim, Emma Nichols, Renaud La Joie, Kaitlin B. Casaletto, Raj G. Kumar, Kristen Dams-O'Connor, Priya Palta, Kristen M. George, Claudia L. Satizabal, Lisa L. Barnes, Julie A. Schneider, Alexa Pichette Binet, Sylvia Villeneuve, Judy Pa, Adam E. Brickman, Sandra S. Black, Jennifer S. Rabin
Summary: Sex modifies the association between APOE epsilon 2 and cognitive decline, with APOE epsilon 2 protecting against decline in men but not women. Among APOE epsilon 2 carriers, men have slower decline than women. There are no sex-specific effects of APOE epsilon 2 in non-Hispanic Black adults.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Editorial Material
Anesthesiology
Kate Leslie, Yize I. Wan, Cynthia A. Wong
Summary: This article discusses the contributions and evolution of the British Journal of Anaesthesia in the areas of sex, gender, race, and ethnicity, emphasizing the importance of enhancing diversity and equity.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sai P. Polineni, Enmanuel J. Perez, Kefeng Wang, Carolina M. Gutierrez, Jeffrey Walker, Dianne Foster, Chuanhui Dong, Negar Asdaghi, Jose G. Romano, Ralph L. Sacco, Tatjana Rundek
Summary: The study found that in the FSR, there was a significant improvement in achieving DTCT <= 25 for suspected acute stroke cases from 2010 to 2018. Women and Black patients with acute ischemic strokes were less likely to achieve DTCT <= 25, while Hispanic patients were more likely. Further efforts are needed to address these disparities in acute stroke care.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Audrey L. Jones, Michael J. Fine, Peter A. Taber, Leslie R. M. Hausmann, Kelly H. Burkitt, Roslyn A. Stone, Susan L. Zickmund
Summary: The study found that media coverage of problems in the Veterans Affairs healthcare system led to increased levels of distrust among women, but higher levels of distrust were consistently present among Black/Hispanic veterans.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Tamara Rushovich, Marion Boulicault, Jarvis T. Chen, Ann Caroline Danielsen, Amelia Tarrant, Sarah S. Richardson, Heather Shattuck-Heidorn
Summary: In the USA, inequalities in COVID-19 outcomes based on sex and race have been clearly documented, with men and Black individuals experiencing higher mortality rates. This study explores how sex and race interact in COVID-19 outcomes using data from Georgia and Michigan, revealing that while men generally have higher mortality rates than women overall, this disparity does not hold consistently across racial groups, highlighting the complex ways that race and gender intersect to shape COVID-19 outcomes.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jason Amartey, Chichi Okagbue, Adama Saccoh, Stanley Buffonge, Ashley Francois, Catherine Tcheandjieu, Shaneice Mitchell, Daniel J. Tyrrell, Debora Kamin Mukaz
Summary: Black In Cardio is a trainee-led initiative that aims to promote Black individuals in the cardiovascular field and raise awareness about cardiovascular health issues within Black communities.
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Evan T. R. Rosenman, Santiago Olivella, Kosuke Imai
Summary: This research provides the largest compiled dictionaries of names, covering first, middle, and surnames, which are used for imputing race and ethnicity using Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding (BISG). The data, based on voter files of six U.S. Southern States, contains a larger set of names than any comparable dataset, including 136 thousand first names, 125 thousand middle names, and 338 thousand surnames. Each name is categorized into five mutually exclusive racial and ethnic groups, and conditional probabilities are provided for imputation purposes.