Article
Oncology
Florian Hucke, Matthias Pinter, Miriam Hucke, Simona Bota, Dajana Bolf, Monika Hackl, Markus Peck-Radosavljevic
Summary: Primary liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. Incidences have increased, especially in high-income countries. The epidemiology of risk factors for hepatobiliary carcinomas has changed significantly, and treatment options have improved. This study provides an update on the incidence, mortality, and survival trends of hepatobiliary carcinomas in recent years in Austria. Age-adjusted incidence rates remained stable, but overall survival improved for most subtypes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shuaiwu Luo, Jiakun Wang, Linquan Wu, Cong Wang, Jun Yang, Min Li, Ligan Zhang, Jin Ge, Chi Sun, Enliang Li, Jun Lei, Yuting Liao, Fan Zhou, Wenjun Liao
Summary: The purpose of this study was to analyze trends in the incidence and incidence-based mortality of functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (F-PNETs), and identify factors related to survival times. The study found that the incidence of F-PNETs decreased from 2000 to 2017, with significant decreases observed for women, cases with distant disease, and rare F-PNETs. Tumor size, tumor stage, tumor type, and surgical resection were found to be associated with F-PNETs mortality.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Vahideh Keyvani, Nahid Kheradmand, Zahra Nasrpour Navaei, Samaneh Mollazadeh, Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
Summary: Gynecological cancers, the most common among women worldwide, have a significant impact on reproductive system function and quality of life. The epidemiological patterns of these cancers vary across regions and change over time. Improving patient outcomes requires addressing the challenges and evaluating reported risk factors in gynecological cancers. Preventive measures, modifiable lifestyles, and early detection in high-risk groups are effective strategies for reducing mortality rates. This review provides a summary of the epidemiology, global risk factors, and management approaches for gynecological cancers to improve the quality of life in affected patients.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
D. A. Alissa, W. Aburas, R. Almasuood, H. Y. Almudaiheem, Z. Al Aseri, F. Alrabiah, H. Ezzat, A. A. Moulana, M. M. Alawi, E. Al-mutairy, T. Alaama, M. S. Alamri, M. S. Bamousa, A. A. Alshehri, M. H. Alosaimi, A. Alali, R. Nori, E. B. Devol, G. Mohamed, A. H. Al-jedai
Summary: This article presents the prevalence and epidemiological trends of COVID-19 mortality in Saudi Arabia. The study utilized a prospective epidemiological cohort design and collected data from all healthcare facilities in Saudi Arabia from March 23, 2020, to April 30, 2022. The results show a low case fatality rate and death per 100,000 population in Saudi Arabia compared to other developed countries.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dingjun Hao, Jinpeng Du, Liang Yan, Baorong He, Xiao Qi, Shicheng Yu, Jiaojiao Zhang, Wenjing Zheng, Rongqiang Zhang, Da-Geng Huang, Junsong Yang, Ming Zhu, Jiawei Ouyang, He Zhao, Keyuan Ding, Haodong Shi, Yang Cao, Ying Zhang, Qinghua Tang, Yuan Liu, Zilong Zhang, Yuhang Wang, Ye Tian, Hao Chen, Lulu Bai, Heng Li, Chenchen Mu, Youhan Wang, Xiaohui Wang, Chao Jiang, Jianhua Lin, Bin Lin, Shunwu Fan, Lin Nie, Jiefu Song, Xun Ma, Zengwu Shao, Yanzheng Gao, Zhong Guan, Yueming Song, Weihu Ma, Qixin Chen
Summary: The incidence of TSCI in China significantly increased from 2009 to 2018, especially among the elderly population. The mortality rate of TSCI patients in hospitals is relatively low, but elderly individuals remain at a high risk of hospital death.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jong Hun Kim, Jin Woong Suh, Min Ja Kim
Summary: This study investigated the epidemiology of candidemia and found an increasing incidence of candidemia and fluconazole resistance in non-albicans Candida species over time. Disease severity, comorbidities, and lower adherence to the treatment guideline were associated with mortality among candidemia patients.
Article
Oncology
Gabriella Liszkay, Zoltan Kiss, Roland Gyulai, Judit Olah, Peter Hollo, Gabriella Emri, Andras Csejtei, Istvan Kenessey, Angela Benedek, Zoltan Polanyi, Zsofia Nagy-Erdei, Andrea Daniel, Kata Knollmajer, Mate Varnai, Zoltan Voko, Balazs Nagy, Gyorgy Rokszin, Ibolya Fabian, Zsofia Barcza, Csaba Polgar
Summary: A study on melanoma epidemiology in Hungary found that the incidence rate was higher in males than in females. While there was an increase in incidence rates from 2011 to 2015 for both genders, there was a decrease from 2015 to 2019. Significant trend changes were observed in the total melanoma population and in females, with a decrease in mortality rates.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alessandro Rovetta, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula
Summary: This study analyzed the death data in Italy from 2011 to 2019 and studied the increase in mortality in 2020. The results showed that the number of deaths in Italy in 2020 exceeded the predicted value, proving the severe impact of COVID-19. Both male and female mortality rates increased, and the mortality increase was strongly positively correlated with latitude. Lombardy had the most significant increase in mortality.
JMIR PUBLIC HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yurou Chu, Yingyue Liu, Xiaosheng Fang, Yujie Jiang, Mei Ding, Xueling Ge, Dai Yuan, Kang Lu, Peipei Li, Ying Li, Hongzhi Xu, Juan Fan, Xiangxiang Zhou, Xin Wang
Summary: This study summarized the global burden, risk factors, and trends in the incidence and mortality of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The global annual number of new NHL cases is approximately 545,000, with 260,000 deaths. NHL incidence and mortality rates have been steadily increasing, particularly among women, older adults, obese populations, and HIV-infected individuals. Future efforts should focus on raising health awareness and implementing tailored cancer prevention strategies.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zhang Nawsherwan, Sumaira Mubarik, Wang Bin, Zhang Le, Mangmang Sang, Yijun Lin, Jinrong Zheng, Yan Wang
Summary: BRICS-Plus countries, consisting of 35 countries with emerging economies including Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, and 30 others, represent more than half of the global population. A study analyzed cardiovascular disease mortality trends in these countries from 1990 to 2019, finding an overall increase in CVD deaths, a decrease in mortality attributable to dietary risks and smoking, but a notable rise in CVD deaths related to high body mass-index (BMI) among younger adults. The study highlights the successful sociodemographic transition in China-ASEAN FTA and Mercosur regions, and recommends other BRICS-Plus countries to adopt effective public health policies like Singapore and Brazil.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Vladimir Haxhi Filaj, Monika Kristaq Belba
Summary: This study analyzed the epidemiological and clinical data of severe burn patients from 2009 to 2019, revealing changes in the etiology of burns and an increase in flame burns among adults and the elderly. The survival rate of severe burn patients has improved, and various scoring systems remain accurate in predicting patient mortality.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hu Yao, Chen Yan, He Qiumin, Zhou Li, Ai Jiao, Li Xin, Li Hong
Summary: In the past three decades, the global burden of cervical cancer has mainly been concentrated in underdeveloped regions, with a rising incidence rate in low SDI areas. Smoking and unsafe sex are the main risk factors for cervical cancer in most areas. Policymakers should focus on prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in underdeveloped areas to reduce its incidence and mortality rate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Dustin W. Currie, Melisa M. Shah, Phillip P. Salvatore, Laura Ford, Melissa J. Whaley, Jennifer Meece, Lynn Ivacic, Natalie J. Thornburg, Azaibi Tamin, Jennifer L. Harcourt, Jennifer Folster, Magdalena Medrzycki, Shilpi Jain, Phili Wong, Kimberly Goffard, Douglas Gieryn, Juliana Kahrs, Kimberly Langolf, Tara Zochert, Christopher H. Hsu, Hannah L. Kirking, Jacqueline E. Tate
Summary: This study assessed the relationship between antigen and RT-PCR test positivity and successful virus isolation, and found that antigen test results were more predictive of virus recovery than RT-PCR results. However, some virus was still isolated from antigen-negative and RT-PCR-positive paired specimens, supporting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention antigen testing algorithm.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Chadi M. M. Saad-Roy, Simon A. A. Levin, Bryan T. T. Grenfell, Mike Boots
Summary: Infectious diseases can cause long-term damage to the host, leading to increased mortality even after recovery. The mortality due to 'long COVID' is an example of this potential, but the impact of such post-infection mortality (PIM) on epidemic dynamics is not known. Using an epidemiological model, researchers found that PIM can induce epidemic cycling, especially when there is weak PIM and no robust immunity. This overlooked phenomenon highlights the importance of characterizing heterogeneity in susceptibility for accurate epidemiological predictions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Edoardo Casiglia, Valerie Tikhonoff
Summary: This editorial discusses a study titled "Burden and predictors of statin use in primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic vascular disease in the US: from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020" by M.D. Chobufo et al.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Megha Bhardwaj, Ben Schoettker, Bernd Holleczek, Axel Benner, Petra Schrotz-King, Hermann Brenner
Summary: This study assessed the potential of inflammatory protein biomarkers to enhance lung cancer risk stratification. The addition of these biomarkers to existing lung cancer risk models improved prediction accuracy. Inflammatory protein biomarkers may be useful for identifying high-risk populations for lung cancer screening.
Article
Oncology
Hui-Yi Lin, Tung-Sung Tseng, Xinnan Wang, Zhide Fang, Arnold H. Zea, Liang Wang, Julio Pow-Sang, Catherine M. Tangen, Phyllis J. Goodman, Alicja Wolk, Niclas Hakansson, Manolis Kogevinas, Javier Llorca, Hermann Brenner, Ben Schoettker, Jose Esteban Castelao, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Marija Gamulin, Davor Lessel, Frank Claessens, Steven Joniau, Jong Y. Park
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the intake patterns of total alcohol and three types of alcoholic beverage (beer, wine, and spirits) in relation to prostate cancer risk and aggressiveness. The study found that prostate cancer patients were more likely to consume wine and spirits, while patients with aggressive prostate cancer drank more beer. Interestingly, heavy wine intake was inversely associated with prostate cancer aggressiveness.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anna Zhu, Sabine Kuznia, Tobias Niedermaier, Bernd Holleczek, Ben Schoettker, Hermann Brenner
Summary: This large prospective cohort study in Germany found inverse associations between serum vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP), total bioavailable, complementary non-bioavailable, and free 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and the risk of developing diabetes among non-diabetic older adults. However, associations were smaller and statistically insignificant for bioavailable and free 25(OH)D. The study also highlighted the importance of adequate vitamin D status among individuals without impaired glucose tolerance.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sha Sha, Thi Mai Ngoc Nguyen, Sabine Kuznia, Tobias Niedermaier, Anna Zhu, Hermann Brenner, Ben Schoettker
Summary: A study on the UK Biobank cohort found that the use of vitamin D supplements is associated with lower all-cause mortality and reduced mortality from cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sabine Kuznia, David Czock, Annette Kopp-Schneider, Reiner Caspari, Harald Fischer, Dana Clarissa Laetsch, Marija Slavic, Hermann Brenner, Ben Schoettker
Summary: A personalized loading dose of vitamin D-3 effectively increased 25(OH)D levels in colorectal cancer patients, and a daily maintenance dose of 2000 IU of vitamin D-3 sustained the achieved levels.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sha Sha, Tafirenyika Gwenzi, Li-Ju Chen, Hermann Brenner, Ben Schoettker
Summary: This study investigated the interrelationships between vitamin D deficiency, biomarkers of systemic inflammation response (SIR), and mortality. It found that vitamin D deficiency was associated with disadvantageous levels of blood cell count-based SIR biomarkers, but not with C-reactive protein (CRP)-based biomarkers. Vitamin D deficiency and all SIR biomarkers were significantly associated with all-cause mortality and mortality from cancer, cardiovascular, and respiratory disease. The study suggests that clinical interventions targeting both vitamin D deficiency and underlying causes of systemic inflammation may be beneficial.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Charlie Harper, Marion Mafham, William Herrington, Natalie Staplin, William Stevens, Karl Wallendszus, Richard Haynes, Martin J. Landray, Sarah Parish, Louise Bowman, Jane Armitage
Summary: This study assessed the reliability of UK routine data compared with adjudicated follow-up for identifying major bleeding events. The results showed that major bleeding events ascertained via routine data were similar to those from adjudicated follow-up in terms of treatment effects.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter W. Horby, Jonathan R. Emberson, Buddha Basnyat, Mark Campbell, Leon Peto, Guilherme Pessoa-Amorim, Natalie Staplin, Raph L. Hamers, John Amuasi, Jeremy Nel, Evelyne Kestelyn, Manisha Rawal, Roshan Kumar Jha, Nguyen Thanh Phong, Uun Sumardi, Damodar Paudel, Pham Ngoc Thach, Nasronudin Nasronudin, Emma Stratton, Louise Mew, Rahuldeb Sarkar, J. Kenneth Baillie, Maya H. Buch, Jeremy Day, Saul N. Faust, Thomas Jaki, Katie Jeffery, Edmund Juszczak, Marian Knight, Wei Shen Lim, Marion Mafham, Alan Montgomery, Andrew Mumford, Kathryn Rowan, Guy Thwaites, Richard Haynes, Martin J. Landray
Summary: This study evaluated the use of high-dose corticosteroids in COVID-19 patients. The results showed that in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, high-dose corticosteroids increased the risk of death compared to low-dose corticosteroids.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tafirenyika Gwenzi, Petra Schrotz-King, Ben Schoettker, Michael Hoffmeister, Hermann Brenner
Summary: According to recent evidence, the prognostic value of Vitamin D (VitD) status for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients might be confined to patients with the GG genotype of Cdx2, a functional polymorphism of the VitD receptor gene. In this study, the researchers aimed to validate these findings in a cohort of CRC patients by measuring serum VitD concentration and performing Cdx2 genotyping. The results showed that VitD deficiency is associated with poorer survival, particularly in patients with the GG genotype of Cdx2.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Paul M. Haller, Alina Gossling, Christina Magnussen, Hermann Brenner, Ben Schoettker, Licia Iacoviello, Simona Costanzo, Frank Kee, Wolfgang Koenig, Allan Linneberg, Chaterina Sujana, Barbara Thorand, Veikko Salomaa, Teemu J. Niiranen, Stefan Soederberg, Henry Voelzke, Marcus Doerr, Susana Sans, Teresa Padro, Stephan B. Felix, Matthias Nauck, Astrid Petersmann, Luigi Palmieri, Chiara Donfrancesco, Roberto De Ponti, Giovanni Veronesi, Marco M. Ferrario, Kari Kuulasmaa, Tanja Zeller, Francisco M. Ojeda, Stefan Blankenberg, Dirk Westermann
Summary: This study demonstrates the role of cardiac biomarkers in predicting cardiovascular events and death in both general population and individuals with known diabetes. The findings suggest that these biomarkers can help identify individuals at highest risk for cardiovascular events and improve early identification of high-risk individuals. Therefore, they should be considered for routine risk assessment and can enhance the initiation of preventive therapies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Tomislav Vlaski, Marija Slavic, Reiner Caspari, Harald Fischer, Hermann Brenner, Ben Schoettker
Summary: A prospective study in Germany found that colorectal cancer patients often experience fatigue, poor ability to work, and low quality of life after therapy. Fatigue is strongly correlated with quality of life, and moderately correlated with the ability to work. The study showed significant improvement in fatigue, quality of life, and ability to work from the start of rehabilitation to the three-month follow-up, with little change afterward in the first year after rehabilitation.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
William G. Herrington, Charlie Harper, Natalie Staplin, Richard Haynes, Jonathan R. Emberson, Christina Reith, Lai Seong Hooi, Adeera Levin, Christoph Wanner, Colin Baigent, SHARP Collaborat Grp
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of adjudication on trial streamlining and the scientific outcomes of kidney and cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease. The results showed that adjudication had minimal impact on maintenance kidney replacement therapy outcomes, while a substantial number of patient reports of major atherosclerotic events were refuted. However, analyses using preadjudicated data yielded similar results to those based on adjudicated outcomes. These findings suggest that adjudication may not be necessary for maintenance kidney replacement therapy trials, and that restrictive definitions for suspected atherosclerotic outcomes may reduce statistical power.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tafirenyika Gwenzi, Anna Zhu, Petra Schrotz-King, Ben Schoettker, Michael Hoffmeister, Dominic Edelmann, Hermann Brenner
Summary: Post-operative inflammation in cancer patients can be modulated by drugs and diets, but evidence on its prognostic role remains limited. This study systematically reviewed and meta-analysed the prognostic value of post-operative C-reactive protein (CRP)-based inflammatory biomarkers among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The results showed that post-operative CRP and Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) or modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) were associated with overall survival (OS), CRC-specific survival (CSS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Post-operative CRP-based inflammatory biomarkers have a significant prognostic role for patients with CRC.
CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter W. Horby, Jonathan R. Emberson, Marion Mafham, Mark Campbell, Leon Peto, Guilhenne Pessoa-Amorim, Enti Spata, Natalie Staplin, Catherine Lowe, David R. Chadwick, Christopher Brightling, Richard Stewart, Paul Collini, Abdul Ashish, Christopher A. Green, Ben Prudon, Timothy Felton, Anthony Kerry, J. Kenneth Baillie, Maya H. Such, Jeremy Day, Saul N. Faust, Thomas Jaki, Katie Jeffery, Edmund Juszczak, Marian Knight, Wei Shen Lim, Alan Montgomery, Andrew Mumford, Kathryn Rowan, Guy Thwaites, Richard Haynes, Martin J. Landray
Summary: This study evaluated the use of baricitinib in the treatment of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The results showed that baricitinib significantly reduced the risk of death, although the effect size was slightly smaller than previous trials. Overall evidence suggests that JAK inhibitors can reduce mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients by about 20%.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' Collaborators Collaborat, Christina Reith, Colin Baigent, Lisa Blackwell, Jonathan Emberson, Enti Spata, Kelly Davies, Heather Halls, Lisa Holland, Kate Wilson, Jane Armitage, Charlie Harper, David Preiss, Alistair Roddick, Anthony Keech, John Simes, Rory Collins, Jordan Fulcher, William G. Herrington, Adrienne Kirby, Borislava Mihaylova, Rachel O'Connell, Emily Banks, Michael Blastland, Stephen Evans, Robert Temple, Peter Weissberg, Janet Wittes, Michael Blazing, Eugene Braunwald, James de Lemos, Sabina Murphy, Terje R. Pedersen, Marc Pfeffer, Harvey White, Stephen Wiviott, Michael Clearfield, John R. Downs, Antonio Gotto, Stephen Weis, Bengt Fellstroem, Hallvard Holdaas, Alan Jardine, David Gordon, Barry Davis, Curt Furberg, Richard Grimm, Sara Pressel, Jeffrey Probstfield, Mahboob Rahman, Lara Simpson
Summary: This study conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis on adverse muscle events caused by statin therapy in large, long-term, randomized, double-blind trials. The findings indicated that the risk of muscle pain caused by statin therapy is small and most cases are not related to statins, with the cardiovascular benefits outweighing the risks of muscle symptoms.
