Article
Oncology
Shreya Desai, Michelle J. Zhu, Ilana Lapidos-Salaiz
Summary: Low- and middle-income countries bear a high burden of preventable cervical cancer cases and deaths, with human papillomavirus DNA-based testing increasingly being the preferred screening method. This commentary discusses next steps and key considerations for the expansion of this screening approach.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marianna Martinelli, Chiara Giubbi, Laura Saderi, Rosario Musumeci, Federica Perdoni, Biagio Eugenio Leone, Robert Fruscio, Fabio Landoni, Andrea Piana, Giovanni Sotgiu, Clementina Elvezia Cocuzza
Summary: HPV genotyping and viral load may serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for high-grade cervical lesions. This study evaluated a new HPV test and found that the distribution of HR-HPV genotypes and viral copy numbers differed between women with high- and low-grade cervical lesions. These findings suggest that HPV genotyping and normalized viral load may help identify women at increased risk of cervical lesions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Vijayalakshmi Ramshankar, Soundharya Ravindran, Komathi Arun, Kanchana Albert, Sakthi Lalitha Sri, Lalitha Ramasubramanian, Banumathy Satyaseelan
Summary: Cervical cancer can be eliminated by 2030 through a global strategy that includes HPV vaccination for young girls, screening for women aged 30-69, and treatment for women with precancerous lesions. However, implementing these strategies in countries like India poses challenges. A study using Cobas 4800 HPV test in a community screening program in South India found a high prevalence of high-risk HPV in younger women (30-40 years old) and a second peak in women aged 46-50.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Hongyu Xie, Xuan Rao, Junyan Li, Lifang Yao, Ying Ji, Juan Zhang, Hui Wang, Xinyu Wang, Xiao Li
Summary: This study evaluated the consistency of high-risk HPV detection between extended and partial HPV genotyping tools and explored the diagnostic accuracy of a risk stratification strategy based on extended HPV genotyping for cervical cancer screening. The results showed good agreement between the two genotyping methods and suggested that extended HPV genotyping could improve the diagnostic accuracy of primary CC screening.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Mari K. Halle, Ane Cecilie Munk, Birgit Engesaeter, Saleha Akbari, Astri Frafjord, Erling A. Hoivik, David Forsse, Kristine E. Fasmer, Kathrine Woie, Ingfrid S. Haldorsen, Bjorn I. Bertelsen, Emiel A. M. Janssen, Einar Gudslaugsson, Camilla Krakstad, Irene T. ovestad
Summary: By analyzing transcriptomic data, a gene signature predicting CIN3 regression was identified, aiding in selecting patients who may safely refrain from conization. A high regression signature score was associated with immune activation, favorable survival, and smaller tumors.
Article
Oncology
Brandon Chua, Li Min Lim, Joseph Soon Yau Ng, Yan Ma, Hwee Lin Wee, J. Jaime Caro
Summary: Extended genotyping (XGT) for cervical cancer screening, which identifies human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes beyond HPV16 and HPV18, can provide risk stratification for clinical management. A study in Singapore compared the resource use, cost, and quality-adjusted life years (QALY) of XGT to partial genotyping (PGT). The results showed that XGT was cost-effective, utilized fewer resources, and provided a risk-based approach compared to PGT. This analysis, conducted in an Asian context, could guide the use of XGT in Asia.
Article
Oncology
C. Aryasomayajula, A. Chanana, M. Tandel, L. Kwan, J. G. Cohen, T. S. Lai, R. Salani, M. Zakhour
Summary: High-risk HPV testing after cervical cancer treatment is not associated with recurrent disease but leads to additional studies and procedures.
GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Brhanu Teka, Muluken Gizaw, Ededia Firdawoke, Adamu Addissie, Tesfamichael Awoke Sisay, Carola Schreckenberger, Anna Sophie Skof, Sarah Thies, Adane Mihret, Eva Johanna Kantelhardt, Tamrat Abebe, Andreas M. Kaufmann
Summary: This study compared the performance and adequacy of three HPV genotyping assays on samples from rural women in south-central Ethiopia. The three evaluated assays showed similar analytical performance in the detection of hr-HPV infections and moderate or better concordance in HPV genotyping.
CANCER MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Flavia M. Correa, Arn Migowski, Liz M. De Almeida, Marcelo A. Soares
Summary: This review discusses the current strategies in Brazil for screening, treatment, and prevention (HPV vaccination) against cervical cancer, highlighting the country's large public health system and the disparities in access to healthcare. It also explores the potential integration of newer technologies to eliminate cervical cancer.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Helen Kelly, Iman Jaafar, Michael Chung, Pamela Michelow, Sharon Greene, Howard Strickler, Xianhong Xie, Mark Schiffman, Nathalie Broutet, Philippe Mayaud, Shona Dalal, Marc Arbyn, Silvia de Sanjose
Summary: This systematic review assessed the diagnostic accuracy of cervical cancer screening and triage strategies in women living with HIV. The study found high prevalence rates of CIN2+ and CIN3+ among WLHIV. However, the sensitivity and specificity of different screening methods varied, particularly in visual inspection using acetic acid (VIA). The reliability of pooled estimates was limited due to the variability in VIA performance.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Tetsuro Oishi, Junzo Kigawa, Osamu Iwanari, Tokuzo Kasai, Tetsuji Kurokawa, Masao Hamada, Hiromasa Fujita, Hiroyuki Fujiwara, Masatoshi Yokoyama, Noriaki Sakuragi, Tasuku Harada, Mitsuaki Suzuki
Summary: This study assessed the diagnostic value and potential harm of HPV testing for cervical cancer screening in Japan. Results showed that the detection rates of CIN1, CIN2+, and CIN3+ were significantly higher in the co-testing group compared to the cytology-based group, suggesting that limiting the target age group may help minimize potential harm.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2022)
Article
Virology
Halimatou Diop-Ndiaye, Xavier Sastre-Garau, Aboubacry Drame, Birama Dembele, Nafissatou N. Ba, Oumy Diop-Diongue, Madeleine Mbow, Mba E. B. Diakhaby, Gisele Woto-Gaye, Coumba Toure Kane, Mamadou Diop
Summary: This study analyzed viral epidemiology of cervical neoplasia in Senegal and found that most HPV-positive cases were associated with viral genotypes covered by the 9-valent HPV vaccine, while 14.1% of cases remained HPV negative. Prophylactic vaccination using a 9-valent vaccine should reduce the incidence of HPV-associated neoplasia, but detection and treatment of CIN are still necessary for optimal prevention of cervical cancer.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Emel Yilmaz, Carina Eklund, Camilla Lagheden, Karin Dahlin Robertsson, Marina Lilja, Miriam Elfstrom, Laila Sara Arroyo Muhr, Joakim Dillner
Summary: This study provides the first global overview of the proficiency of HPV testing services for cervical cancer screening. The results indicate a high level of sensitivity and few false positives, but specificity still needs further improvement.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Rosa Montero-Macias, Pluvio J. Coronado, Nicolas Robillard, David Veyer, Vincent Villefranque, Marie-Aude Le Frere-Belda, Elisabeth Auberger, Pauline Bitolog, Ivana Stankovic, Laurent Belec, Anne-Sophie Bats, Fabrice Lecuru, Helene Pere
Summary: The objective of this study was to determine if an easy-to-use HPV molecular genotyping assay could differentiate HPV tumor metastasis from a new independent primary non-HPV-induced tumor. Using routine multiplex real-time PCR, we found that HPV DNA was detected in the biopsy of distant lesions in 7 out of 8 cases with primary cervical cancer and a new secondary lesion, confirming the diagnosis of cervical cancer metastasis. In the remaining case, no HPV was detected in the lung biopsy, confirming the diagnosis of a new primary lung cancer.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Aude Jary, Ibrahima Teguete, Younoussa Sidibe, Amadou Kodio, Oumar Dolo, Sonia Burrel, David Boutolleau, Laurianne Beauvais-Remigereau, Sophie Sayon, Mamadou Kampo, Fatoumata Tata Traore, Mariam Sylla, Chad Achenbach, Robert Murphy, Beatrice Bercot, Cecile Bebear, Vincent Calvez, Anne-Genevieve Marcelin, Almoustapha I. Maiga
Summary: This research revealed a high prevalence of high-risk HPV infection among women in Sikasso, Mali, and showed fluoroquinolone resistance in some strains of Mycoplasma genitalium and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and improve prevention, screening, and management of cervical cancer and other STIs in women in Mali.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Cassandra Laurie, Mariam El-Zein, Joseph Tota, Farzin Khosrow-Khavar, Pierre-Paul Tellier, Francois Coutlee, Alexandra de Pokomandy, Eduardo L. Franco
Summary: The study found that there was no significant difference between carrageenan-based gel and placebo gel in clearing HPV infections among gbMSM. This was true for all infections as well as for specific HPV types and different human immunodeficiency virus statuses.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Veronique Bouvard, Nicolas Wentzensen, Anne Mackie, Johannes Berkhof, Julia Brotherton, Paolo Giorgi-Rossi, Rachel Kupets, Robert Smith, Silvina Arrossi, Karima Bendahhou, Karen Canfell, Z. Mike Chirenje, Michael H. Chung, Marta del Pino, Silvia de Sanjose, Miriam Elfstrom, Eduardo L. Franco, Chisato Hamashima, Francoise F. Hamers, C. Simon Herrington, Raul Murillo, Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan, Mona Saraiya, Mark Schiffman, Fanghui Zhao, Marc Arbyn, Walter Prendiville, Blanca I. Indave Ruiz, Isabel Mosquera-Metcalfe, Beatrice Lauby-Secretan
Summary: In May 2018, the WHO prioritized the elimination of global cervical cancer through vaccination and screening programs. This review by the IARC evaluates the effectiveness of different screening methods in reducing cervical cancer incidence and mortality. The most widely used method, cervical cytological analysis, consistently reduces incidence and mortality, especially when part of an organized screening program. Other methods, such as liquid-based cytology, acetic acid visualization, and HPV nucleic acid testing, also show a reduction in mortality. The harms associated with screening include pain, anxiety, stigma, and physical harm, but the benefits outweigh the harms. HPV testing alone is the most effective method when considering the balance of benefits and harms.
OBSTETRICAL & GYNECOLOGICAL SURVEY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Erika Hurtado-Salgado, Eduardo Ortiz-Panozo, Jorge Salmeron, Rufino Luna-Gordillo, Betania Allen-Leigh, Nenetzen Saavedra-Lara, Eduardo L. Franco, Eduardo Lazcano-Ponce
Summary: This article examines the prevalence of cervical high-risk human papillomavirus infection in a middle-income country, and explores variation by age, community marginalization, and region. The results provide valuable evidence for developing policies to improve cervical cancer screening strategies.
CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Samantha Morais, Michel D. Wissing, Farzin Khosrow-Khavar, Ann N. Burchell, Pierre-Paul Tellier, Francois Coutlee, Tim Waterboer, Mariam El-Zein, Eduardo L. Franco
Summary: We analyzed the humoral response to natural HPV infection in unvaccinated women and found that the associations between HPV-specific antibodies depended on phylogenetic relatedness.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Patricia Savio de Araujo-Souza, Mariam El-Zein, Aline do N. Bolpetti, Paulo Cesar Maciag, Tatiana Rabachini, Eduardo L. Franco, Luisa L. Villa
Summary: A study in Brazilian women found that human leukocyte antigen polymorphisms may influence the natural history of human papillomavirus infections, suggesting that genetic factors play a role in the risk of cervical neoplasia.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Wei (Vivian) Wang, Smita Kothari, Hanane Khoury, Linda Niccolai, Suzanne M. Garland, Karin Sundstrom, Gerard de Pouvourville, Paolo Bonanni, Ya-Ting Chen, Eduardo L. Franco
Summary: Assessing progress towards global elimination of cervical cancer requires monitoring vaccination coverage and its impact. A review of HPV-related data systems from seven high-income countries revealed differences in development approach, geographical scope, and data collection methods. The information provided by these data systems can inform improvements to existing prevention programs and the implementation of new programs in other countries.
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
(2023)
Review
Biology
Parker Tope, Eliya Farah, Rami Ali, Mariam El-Zein, Wilson H. Miller, Eduardo L. Franco
Summary: This study provides a systematic review of pre-pandemic evidence on the association between lag time to cancer diagnosis and treatment and mortality- and morbidity-related outcomes. The results highlight the importance of lag time in cancer care and emphasize the need for standardized methodology in lag time research.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Eduardo Franco
Summary: The American Cancer Society (ACS) believes that the time has come for primary human papillomavirus (HPV) screening in the United States, but it requires educating the public and healthcare providers and overcoming logistical barriers. ACS is taking the lead by utilizing its resources to promote primary HPV screening in the US and sharing best practices from other countries through its Primary HPV Screening Initiative.
Article
Oncology
Eduardo L. Franco
Summary: As a cancer epidemiologist in the field of cervical cancer prevention and control, the author visited the home of his hero, Georgios Nikolaou Papanikolaou, whose pioneering work on the Pap test has saved countless female lives worldwide, creating a remarkable story in public health.
CANCER CYTOPATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Talla Malagon, Samantha Morais, Parker Tope, Mariam El-Zein, Eduardo L. Franco
Summary: By linking data, the study found that non-White racial groups have higher site-specific cancer incidence rates than the overall population. Immigration status is an important modifier of cancer risk.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cassandra Laurie, Mariam El-Zein, Sarah Botting-Provost, Joseph E. Tota, Pierre-Paul Tellier, Francois Coutlee, Ann N. Burchell, Eduardo L. Franco
Summary: The use of a carrageenan-based gel can reduce the risk of incident genital HPV infections in women without increasing adverse events, which may complement HPV vaccination.
Article
Oncology
Parker Tope, Samantha Morais, Mariam El-Zein, Eduardo L. Franco, Talia Malagon
Summary: Income, a component of socioeconomic status, influences cancer risk as a social determinant of health. This study evaluated the independent associations between individual- and area-level income and site-specific cancer incidence in Canada. The findings suggest that individual- and area-level income have significant effects on cancer incidence, with lower income associated with higher rates of certain cancers and wealthier income associated with higher rates of other cancers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Mariam El-Zein, David Cheishvili, Moshe Szyf, Eduardo L. Franco
Summary: In this study, new methylation markers were identified and validated for their role in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades and cervical cancer. The methylation state of CA10, DPP10, FMN2 and HAS1 genes were evaluated in independent study populations using next-generation sequencing. The Marker Polygenic Score (MPS) calculated from these genes accurately predicted cervical cancer and showed potential for use in clinical settings. Further evaluation of these biomarkers in prospective studies is needed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biology
Eduardo L. Franco, Diane M. Harper
Summary: eLife has released a special issue that discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer prevention, control, care, and survivorship.
Article
Biology
Mariam El-Zein, Rami Ali, Eliya Farah, Sarah Botting-Provost, Eduardo L. Franco
Summary: This study investigated the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cervical cancer screening activities. The survey results showed high cancellation rates for screening appointments and consistent decreases in the number of screening Pap tests and colposcopy procedures across provinces. Approximately 90% of healthcare professionals adopted telemedicine for patient communication.
Article
Oncology
Dimitrios Nasioudis, Stefan Gysler, Nawar Latif, Lory Cory, Robert L. Giuntoli II, Sarah H. Kim, Fiona Simpkins, Lainie Martin, Emily M. Ko
Summary: The prevalence of ERBB2 gene amplification was investigated among patients with gynecologic malignancies. The study found that ERBB2 amplification is frequently encountered in uterine serous carcinoma and mucinous ovarian carcinoma, but less common in endometrioid endometrial carcinoma.
GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2024)