Journal
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
Volume 120, Issue -, Pages 71-78Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpcs.2018.04.028
Keywords
Nafion; Free volume; Thermal annealing; Crystallinity; Proton pathway
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11375132, 11575130]
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Free volumes, backbone mobility, crystallinity and proton conductivity of Nafion membranes upon thermal annealing were intensively studied. The development of size and distribution of free volumes in Nafion membranes as a function of environmental humidity was found to be closely associated with the adsorbed water molecules and the Nafion backbone mobility. Results suggested a gradual decrement in Nafion backbone mobility as a function of annealing temperature, due to the thermal induced recrystallization. This was further supported by a linear decrement in the o-Ps intensity as a function of membrane crystallinity, because o-Ps atoms mostly annihilated in the amorphous phase in Nafion. Particularly, a significant increment in crystallinity was found in Nafion membranes annealed at temperatures higher than 140 degrees C. The present results showed that annealing at similar to 140 degrees C of Nafion membranes is favourable for their proton conductivity because of the low crystallinity.
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