Article
Food Science & Technology
Aamina Alim, Ting Li, Tanzeela Nisar, Zeshan Ali, Daoyuan Ren, Yueyue Liu, Xingbin Yang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of fleshes, pericarps, and fleshes with pericarps from Actinidia chinensis on metabolic disorders and liver damage induced by high fructose. The results showed that the intervention of fleshes with pericarps significantly improved body weight gain, lipid levels, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and fatty acid metabolism disorders. It also restored liver function and reduced hepatic injury. This study provides a scientific foundation for developing kiwifruit-based dietary supplements for individuals with metabolic disorders and liver damage.
FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS
(2023)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
You Wu, Boju Sun, Xiaoyuan Guo, Lili Wu, Yaomu Hu, Lingling Qin, Tao Yang, Mei Li, Tianyu Qin, Miao Jiang, Tonghua Liu
Summary: ZSP treatment significantly improved glucose metabolism and weight gain in db/db mice by enhancing the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, increasing the expression of genes related to glycogen synthesis and glycolysis, and reducing gluconeogenesis.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Brittany A. Stork, Adam Dean, Andrea R. Ortiz, Pradip Saha, Nagireddy Putluri, Maricarmen D. Planas-Silva, Iqbal Mahmud, Kimal Rajapakshe, Cristian Coarfa, Stefan Knapp, Philip L. Lorenzi, Bruce E. Kemp, Benjamin E. Turk, John W. Scott, Anthony R. Means, Brian York
Summary: CaMKK2 plays a central role as a metabolic fuel sensor in the liver, contributing significantly to whole body systems metabolism. The study reveals that CaMKK2 ablation improves peripheral insulin sensitivity by promoting glucose metabolism through phosphorylation and regulation of GAPDH, and by reducing peroxisomal fatty acid catabolism through modulation of PEX3.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andre C. Carpentier
Summary: Insulin plays a significant role in regulating adipose tissue fatty acid metabolism by inhibiting NEFA flux. Insulin resistance in adipose tissue may lead to various metabolic abnormalities and complications of diabetes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Linyuan Shen, Jin He, Ye Zhao, Lili Niu, Lei Chen, Guoqing Tang, Yanzhi Jiang, Xiaoxia Hao, Lin Bai, Xuewei Li, Shunhua Zhang, Li Zhu
Summary: The study reveals that miR-126b-5p promotes proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes, indicating its potential as a target for treating obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rong-Bin Chen, Qi-Yu Wang, Yuan-Yuan Wang, Ya-Di Wang, Jiang-Hua Liu, Zhe-Zhen Liao, Xin-Hua Xiao
Summary: Hyperglycemia, the main symptom of Type 2 diabetes, can be caused by insulin deficit and/or insulin resistance. Conventional medications can alleviate the signs of diabetes but cannot restore normal insulin release. The liver plays a crucial role in glucolipid metabolism through the secretion of hepatokines, which are influenced by feeding and affect the development of T2DM.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guoying Wang, Jessie P. Buckley, Tami R. Bartell, Xiumei Hong, Colleen Pearson, Xiaobin Wang
Summary: The study aimed to identify a lipidomic signature associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the postpartum period and investigate its role in the progression to type 2 diabetes (T2D). A cohort of 1,409 women who delivered a singleton baby was followed up prospectively, and their lipidome was analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. 33 postpartum lipid species were identified to be associated with GDM, and 4 of them were also associated with incident T2D, mediating the progression from GDM to T2D. Including these lipid species improved the prediction of T2D when considering the entire follow-up period.
Review
Oncology
Jean-Francois Dumas, Lucie Brisson
Summary: The environment surrounding tumors is crucial for tumor development and progression, with adipocytes playing a significant role in promoting cancer survival, proliferation, metastasis, and treatment resistance through a vicious cycle with cancer cells. This interaction is particularly important in the context of obesity, as cancers can reprogram adipocyte physiology to influence tumor growth and metastasis. The aim is to understand the molecular mechanisms linking adipose tissue with cancer progression and propose new therapeutic strategies based on pharmacological or nutritional intervention.
CANCER AND METASTASIS REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jan Silhavy, Petr Mlejnek, Miroslava Simakova, Irena Markova, Hana Malinska, Martina Huttl, Ludmila Kazdova, Dmitry Kazantsev, Massimiliano Mancini, Jiri Novotny, Michal Pravenec
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the role of CD36 fatty acid translocase in regulating glucose and fatty acid utilization in brown adipose tissue (BAT). The results showed that BAT from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with mutant Cd36 gene exhibited increased intracellular glucose incorporation into lipids, decreased glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3 beta) protein expression and phosphorylation, and increased oxidation of exogenous palmitate compared to SHR rats. These findings suggest that CD36 enhances glucose transport for lipogenesis in BAT by suppressing GSK-3 beta and promotes direct palmitate oxidation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanfei Li, Yuchen Xie, Chensheng Qiu, Bowen Yu, Fangzheng Yang, Yuanchao Cheng, Weizhen Zhong, Junhua Yuan
Summary: This meta-analysis examined the effects of l-carnitine supplementation on insulin resistance, fasting blood glucose, lipid metabolism, and liver enzyme levels in adults. The results showed significant benefits of l-carnitine supplementation on insulin, fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and ALT levels. However, it had no significant effect on HDL cholesterol and AST levels.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
G. -Y. Wang, P. -Y. Yan, W. Liu, L. -K. Liu, J. -P. LI, Y. Zeng
Summary: Potentilla bifurca has the ability to significantly improve insulin resistance and treat type 2 diabetes by regulating glucolipid metabolism.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Jing Li, Heng Zhang, Yongqiang Dong, Xian Wang, Guang Wang
Summary: Homocysteine (Hcy) activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in adipose tissue, leading to the development of insulin resistance. Diets high in omega-3 fatty acids can alter serum and adipose lipid profiles, potentially reducing adipose tissue inflammation and alleviating insulin resistance.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Zhiwei Cai, Yang Li, Mingjian Ma, Longxiang Wang, Hongwei Wang, Meng Liu, Chongyi Jiang
Summary: It was found that adipocytes promote tumor progression in locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer through an intricate metabolic network with cancer cells. The coculture of cancer cells with adipocytes leads to activated hypoxia signaling, elevated STAT3 activity, and an insulin-resistant phenotype in adipocytes. Additionally, enhanced fatty acid oxidation and increased lipid droplets were observed in cancer cells, while downregulated lipid metabolism and decreased lipid droplets were found in adipocytes. The increase in lipid droplets contributes to the increased metastatic capacity of the cancer cells. Interrupting the mechanisms of lipid uptake from adipocytes may offer a potential strategy for attenuating pancreatic cancer metastasis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rong Ma, Chunpeng Xie, Shaoqing Wang, Xiang Xiao
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between retinol intake and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study included individuals diagnosed with T2DM between 2009 and 2018 from the NHANES database. Logistic regression models were utilized to estimate the relationship between different retinol intakes and the risk of CKD in patients with T2DM. Results showed that higher retinol intake was associated with a decreased risk of CKD in patients with T2DM.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Chi-Ho Lee, David T. W. Lui, Karen S. L. Lam
Summary: Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, with adipose tissue inflammation contributing to atherosclerosis. Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (AFABP) acts as a key mediator in the adipose-vascular cross-talk by interacting with JNK and AP-1, perpetuating inflammatory responses. Elevated circulating AFABP levels are associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, CVD, and other conditions related to inflammation and increased cardiovascular mortality.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)