Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Marcello Cabibbo, Alessandra Fava, Roberto Montanari, Ekaterina Pakhomova, Chiara Paoletti, Maria Richetta, Alessandra Varone
Summary: One of the challenges in realizing future nuclear fusion reactors is the development of materials that can withstand high thermal loads and particle fluxes. This study investigated the residual stresses in a tungsten coating deposited on a copper-chromium-zirconium alloy substrate using plasma spraying. The results suggest that optimizing the deposition temperature can reduce residual stresses in the intermediate layer.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Johan F. S. Christensen, N. M. Anoop Krishnan, Mathieu Bauchy, Morten M. Smedskjaer
Summary: In this study, the effects of indenter sharpness and stiffness on the indentation response of oxide glasses were investigated. The study examined the glass deformation mechanism, cracking behavior, and hardness for three different glasses using five different indenters. The results showed that increased indenter sharpness reduced the indentation size effect and lowered crack initiation resistance, while the effect of indenter material was insignificant when the indenter was stiffer than the specimen.
JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yuchao Bai, Cuiling Zhao, Yu Zhang, Jie Chen, Hao Wang
Summary: Manufacturing CuCrZr alloy parts with high strength and high surface quality by selective laser melting (SLM) is challenging. The study found that after heat treatment, the grain morphology of the alloy changed, with slender and bent grains on the XY plane being replaced by polygonal square grains, while large epitaxial grains on the XZ plane remained.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sajid Mannan, Mohd Zaki, Suresh Bishnoi, Daniel R. Cassar, Jeanini Jiusti, Julio Cesar Ferreira Faria, Johan F. S. Christensen, Nitya Nand Gosvami, Morten M. Smedskjaer, Edgar Dutra Zanotto, N. M. Anoop Krishnan
Summary: Using a curated dataset of over 3,000 inorganic glasses, we developed machine learning models to predict the composition and load dependence of Vickers hardness. When tested on new glass compositions unseen during training, the standard data-driven ML model failed. To address this gap, we combined an empirical expression with ML to develop a framework called SRIMP, which outperforms the data-driven ML model in predicting the indentation size effect. The deconvolution of hardness into load-dependent and load-independent terms provides a holistic understanding of the composition effect and ISE in glasses.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Weizong Bao, Jie Chen, Xinxin Yang, Tao Xiang, Zeyun Cai, Guoqiang Xie
Summary: Metallic glass-particle-reinforced nanocrystalline CuCrZr alloys with ultrahigh strengths and good conductivities were synthesized using mechanical milling and spark plasma sintering. The optimized particle morphology and dispersion state of the reinforcement led to outstanding properties, with high strengths and conductivities achieved.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenweijiao Wang, Yunhao Zhang, Haite Yang, Longshui Su, Chen Wang, Changqing Tong, Jianhui Zhou, Junfeng Chen, Bingshu Wang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Si addition on the mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, and microstructure of CuCrZr alloy. The addition of Si element improved the hardness, strength, and ductility of CuCrZr alloy while slightly reducing the conductivity. Si element acted to refine the precipitation phases in the alloy.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ivan I. Argatov, Xiaoqing Jin, Leon M. Keer
Summary: The study addresses the axisymmetric three-body, double-unilateral contact problem for an elastic sphere using analytical techniques. A first-order asymptotic solution for the displacement-force relation, which generalizes the Hertzian formula, is derived, providing a simple and elegant asymptotic model applicable to various practical contact problems.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2021)
Article
Crystallography
Jozef Petrik, Peter Blasko, Stefan Markulik, Marek Solc, Pavol Palfy
Summary: This article studies the relationship between applied load and Vickers micro-hardness of metals with different lattices. It finds a correlation between micro-hardness and metals with FCC and HCP lattices. It recommends using the true hardness to avoid misleading results.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Z. K. Dai, Y. Wu, R. R. Liu, H. T. Zhou
Summary: During cryogenic rolling of CuCrZr sheet, the grains of the alloy are elongated along the rolling direction, and after annealing, the grains become equiaxed. With an increase in rolling reduction, the dislocation density increases and twinning deformation occurs. The texture of CuCrZr alloy during cryogenic rolling is mainly composed of Goss {011} < 100 > and Brass {011} < 211 > textures, along with other textures like Taylor {44 11} < 11 11 8 >, Copper {112} < 111 >, R {124} < 211 >, and S {123} < 634 >. CuCrZr alloy prepared by cryogenic rolling has higher yield strength, tensile strength, and uniform elongation compared to room temperature cold rolling under the same deformation conditions.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zezhou Kuai, Zhonghua Li, Bin Liu, Yanlei Chen, Shengyu Lu, Xiu Tang, Tiecheng Liu
Summary: The process parameters characteristics of CuCrZr alloy processed by selective laser melting (SLM) were systematically investigated. The laser power and scanning speed were found to have an effect on the surface morphology of the samples, while the scanning strategy influenced the densification level. By optimizing the process parameters, almost fully dense CuCrZr samples with stable melt tracks and no obvious porosity were obtained. The grain morphology and orientation were highly correlated with the laser trajectory and construction direction. XRD analysis showed the presence of diffraction peaks of α-Cu and no peaks of other phase components.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Arefeh Abbasi, Dong Yan, Pedro M. Reis
Summary: This study focuses on the mechanical response of pressurized spherical shells with a single dimple-like defect to a point probe, characterizing the nonlinear force-indentation response at different pressurization levels through experiments, finite element modeling, and classic shell theory. The critical buckling pressure of the shell can be inferred non-destructively by tracking the maxima of the indentation force-displacement curves, with the effectiveness of probing influenced by the indentation angle. The study also quantifies the characteristic length associated with localized deformation using FEM simulations and shallow shell theory, demonstrating the limitations of applying probing as a non-destructive technique to assess the stability of spherical shells.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2021)
Article
Crystallography
Marek Solc, Peter Blasko, Jozef Petrik, Pavol Palfy, Lenka Girmanova
Summary: The study investigates the relationship between applied load and measured Vickers micro-hardness values in silver and copper alloys. The results show a reverse effect and a gradual increase in Meyer index with increasing silver content. The obtained data can help determine the approximate age of artifacts made from these alloys.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuanyuan Chen, Yuan Huang, Lu Han, Dongguang Liu, Laima Luo, Chong Li, Chenxi Liu, Zumin Wang
Summary: W/CuCrZr alloy composite panels are promising plasma-facing components for future nuclear-fusion reactors, and a vacuum diffusion bonding method involving sandblasting of the W substrate surface and Cu electroplating was developed to achieve high bond strength. The improved joint obtained with this method showed superior shear bond strength and bonding quality compared to conventional vacuum diffusion bonding methods.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Karuppasamy Pandian Marimuthu, Hyungyil Lee
Summary: A scientific deep learning (SciDL) approach, combining a regression-based spherical indentation method with an artificial neural network (ANN), is developed to extract elastic-plastic properties from indentation load depth curves. By constructing a database of indentation parameters using different combinations of material parameters, the method validates the accuracy of obtaining load-depth (P-h) data through a regression function, in addition to finite element simulations. The constructed SciDL models, physics-informed artificial neural network (PI ANN) with autoencoder (AE), are trained using the generated database and achieve consistent predictions with higher accuracy compared to data-driven models. Using transfer learning (TL) techniques, the PI-ANN model allows for faster learning compared to traditional methods. Experimental validation on STS304 and SM45C demonstrates that the trained SciDL models predict material properties close to reference values. The proposed SciDL approach can be extended to characterize engineering materials and structures by incorporating any priorly developed mechanical testing method with ANN.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhaowei Diao, Fei Yang, Tao Xiong, Lin Chen, Yifei Wu, Mingzhe Rong
Summary: The successful deposition of CuCrZr alloy using wire arc additive manufacturing was achieved in this study, and the microstructure and properties of different zones were investigated. The grain morphology varied along the build direction, with columnar crystals of different sizes being the major grain morphology. The hardness tended to decrease with large fluctuations along the building direction. Specimens in the travel direction had slightly higher mechanical strength but lower elongation compared to those in the build direction. The electrical and thermal conductivities of defect-free specimens were significantly higher than those of specimens in other additive manufacturing methods using metal powder as raw material.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Przemyslaw Klups, Daniel Haley, Andrew J. London, Hazel Gardner, James Famelton, Benjamin M. Jenkins, Jonathan M. Hyde, Paul A. J. Bagot, Michael P. Moody
Summary: Atom probe tomography (APT) has the capability to identify and characterize early stages of precipitation at length scales not achievable by other techniques. The study demonstrates the use of an open-source tool, PosgenPy, to validate the selection of cluster search parameters, ensuring accurate cluster number density and composition calculations.
MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Joseph N. Ghoussoub, Przemyslaw Klups, William J. B. Dick-Cleland, Kathryn E. Rankin, Satoshi Utada, Paul A. J. Bagot, D. Graham McCartney, Yuanbo T. Tang, Roger C. Reed
Summary: This study investigates a new class of nickel-based superalloy with high gamma ' fraction for the laser-powder bed fusion process. The results show that the (Nb+Ta)/Al ratio has a significant impact on the low-temperature strength and oxidation resistance of the alloy. The presence of defects in thin wall sections can be avoided through careful processing. Additionally, a novel sub-solvus heat treatment strategy is proposed to improve the material properties. The new superalloy exhibits superior tensile strength and oxidation resistance compared to CM247LC, but has inferior creep resistance.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alexandra J. Cackett, Chris D. Hardie, Joven J. H. Lim, Edmund Tarleton
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Liuming Wei, Jingwen Li, Yonggang Li, Qirong Zheng, Fan Cheng, Chuanguo Zhang, Jingyu Li, Gaofeng Zhao, Zhi Zeng
Summary: This study investigates the influence of He-V complexes on H behaviors on different W surfaces using DFT calculations. The results show that H dissolution is most difficult but H trapping is easiest on the W (110) surface, while the opposite is true on the W (111) surface. Moreover, the presence of He-V complexes increases the difficulty of H diffusion from bulk to surface and desorption.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yan Meng, Song Zeng, Chen Chen, Chaowen Zhu, Huahai Shen, Xiaosong Zhou, Xiaochun Han
Summary: The characteristics of magnetron sputtered Cr coatings vary with different temperature, bias voltage, and pressure. Coatings with random orientation, good crystallinity, and small grain size exhibit favorable oxidation behavior, while coatings with strong (200) texture, poor crystallinity, and large grains have many intrinsic defects that are detrimental to the protection property of the Cr coatings.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xinyuan Xu, Zefeng Yu, Wei-Ying Chen, Aiping Chen, Arthur Motta, Xing Wang
Summary: This study presents an automated approach for characterizing grain morphology in TEM images recorded during ion irradiation. By combining a machine learning model and a computer vision algorithm, comparable results to human analysis can be achieved with significantly reduced analysis time. Researchers can train their own models following the procedures described in this study to automate grain morphology analysis of their own TEM images.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shihao Wu, Dong Wang, Yapei Zhang, Koji Okamoto, Marco Pellegrini, Wenxi Tian, Suizheng Qiu, G. H. Su
Summary: The oxidation and degradation mechanisms of Cr coating on Zr alloy cladding under high temperature steam atmosphere are summarized, and a mathematical analysis model is established to predict the changes in coating thickness. The model is applied in the analysis of structure evolution under different conditions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
V. Diaz-Mena, J. de Prado, M. Roldan, I. Izaguirre, M. Sanchez, M. Rieth, A. Urena
Summary: The brazeability of a cupronickel alloy was evaluated as a filler alloy for high-temperature joining of tungsten to steel. The study investigated the brazing conditions and the impact of the selected filler on the joint quality using numerical software. The results showed different metallurgical interactions and diffusion phenomena between the filler alloy and the base materials at different temperatures. The study emphasized the importance of selecting a suitable filler to mitigate residual stresses in the joints.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pengcheng Zhu, Yajie Zhao, Yan-Ru Lin, Jean Henry, Steven J. Zinkle
Summary: This study investigates the effect of heavy-ion irradiation on radiation hardening in high-purity binary alloy Fe18Cr. Nanoindentation testing and high-quality TEM imaging were conducted to extract hardness and microstructure information. The strength factor was accurately calculated based on the detailed TEM characterization of irradiated microstructures, and a refined hardening superposition method was applied to quantify the mechanical properties of ion-irradiated materials.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bin Wu, Haixia Ning, Hanzhen Zhu, Jianjun Chen, Kang Wang, Daiyu Zhang, Fu Wang, Qilong Liao
Summary: This study discusses the effects of ZrO2 and B2O3 on the phase composition and properties of SAP-based glass-ceramics. The results show that ZrO2 addition improves the formation of NZP phase while restricting the crystallization of AlPO4 phases. The correct ratios of ZrO2 and B2O3 allow only the formation of NZP phase within the SAP glass.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hwasung Yeom, Greg Johnson, Benjamin Maier, Tyler Dabney, Kumar Sridharan
Summary: Cr-Nb bilayer coatings were developed using cold spray deposition to improve the limiting operational temperature of Cr-coated Zr-alloy system. The coatings exhibited outstanding oxidation resistance at high temperatures and formed continuous intermetallic compound layers at the interfaces.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Padhraic L. Mulligan, Andrew T. Nelson, Chad M. Parish, Patrick A. Champlin, Xiang Chen, Daniel Morrall, Jason M. Harp
Summary: Environmental barrier coatings are being developed to reduce oxidation and embrittlement in Zr-based materials. Chromium nitride is a candidate for this application, but understanding its impact on irradiation-induced creep and microstructure is critical.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dexuan Yan, Xinlei Cao, Ke Shen
Summary: This study investigated the purification mechanism of polycrystalline graphite by comparing IG-11 graphite with IG-110 nuclear grade graphite. The analysis revealed that metallic impurities in IG-11 were primarily segregated within graphite porosities, while IG-110 demonstrated a significant reduction in impurities. This research contributes to the development of innovative graphite purification techniques for greater purity and stronger oxidation resistance.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Xu, Wei Peng, Lei Shi, Qi Sun
Summary: This paper investigates the oxidation and shape evolution of matrix graphite in high temperature gas-cooled reactors during air-ingress accidents. A reaction kinetics model is established and computational fluid dynamics with a dynamic mesh method is used to simulate the oxidation process. The results show that the geometric shape of graphite changes significantly with increasing flow rate, and the graphite pebbles tend to form a structure with a narrow front and wide tail.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Allison Harward, Casey Elliott, Michael Shaltry, Krista Carlson, Tae-Sic Yoo, Guy Fredrickson, Michael Patterson, Michael F. Simpson
Summary: This paper investigates the hygroscopic properties of eutectic LiCl-KCl absorbed into zeolite-4A. The study finds that water absorption and corrosion worsen with increasing salt loading. It also suggests that the salt can be stored in a non-inert atmosphere for a certain period of time.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Takaaki Koyanagi, Xunxiang Hu, Christian M. Petrie, Gyanender Singh, Caen Ang, Christian P. Deck, Weon-Ju Kim, Daejong Kim, James Braun, Yutai Katoh
Summary: This study provides critical experimental data on the effects of irradiation on the hermeticity of SiC composite cladding, finding that irradiation can cause a decrease in hermeticity and cracking, and coating the outer surface can mitigate the cracking issue.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. Krat, A. Prishvitsyn, Yu. Gasparyan
Summary: This study proposes a probabilistic and diffusion-based model to describe the co-deposition of multiple hydrogen isotopes with slowly grown metal layers. The model calculates the relative concentrations of different hydrogen isotopes in the co-deposited metal layers. It is found that if hydrogen isotopes have different detrapping energies, only the isotope with the highest detrapping energy shows a monotonic decrease in concentration with deposition temperature. Furthermore, the study evaluates the uncertainty of tritium concentration in the co-deposited layer based on the uncertainty in detrapping energy of tritium and deuterium, predicting a >10% tritium concentration uncertainty for a 0.01 eV difference.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tijo Vazhappilly, Arup Kumar Pathak
Summary: This study investigates the effect of Ce atom substitution in UO2 on its thermophysical properties using density functional theory. The results show that the Ce substitution levels and the oxidation state of Ce/U atoms strongly influence the band structure and specific heat capacity of the UO2 lattice. These findings provide important insights into the fuel properties of UO2 under reactor conditions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)