Article
Critical Care Medicine
Taylor M. Yeates, H. Gerry Taylor, Erin D. Bigler, Nori M. Minich, Ken Tang, Daniel M. Cohen, Ann Bacevice, Leslie K. Mihalov, Barbara Bangert, Nicholas A. Zumberge, Keith Owen Yeates
Summary: This study investigated sex differences in outcomes among children and adolescents presenting to the Emergency Department for mild traumatic brain injury or orthopedic injury. The results indicated that sex did not moderate cognitive ability or symptom presentation, but girls reported more somatic symptoms. The mild TBI group showed lower cognitive ability and higher symptoms compared to the orthopedic injury group in the acute phase.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sophia Wagberg, Britt-Marie Stalnacke, Beatrice M. M. Magnusson
Summary: This study evaluates post-TBI symptoms and disabilities seven to eight years after mild TBI (mTBI), showing that women and individuals with repeated TBI experience more severe symptoms and functional decline. These findings have implications for clinical practice and research, and should be considered in rehabilitation and follow-up plans.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Charlotte Oris, Samy Kahouadji, Julie Durif, Damien Bouvier, Vincent Sapin
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a growing burden worldwide, accounting for approximately 80% of all TBI cases. In recent years, candidate biomarkers have been investigated to improve the management of mTBI patients. Blood biomarker measurement in the acute phase after a traumatic event helps reduce unnecessary CT scans and hospitalizations. S100B protein has emerged as the most widely studied and used biomarker for clinical decision making in patients with mTBI. Besides its diagnostic use, S100B plays a role in the molecular pathogenic processes accompanying acute brain injury, making it a potential therapeutic target.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Nicole Schwab, Daria Taskina, Emily Leung, Brendan T. Innes, Gary D. Bader, Lili-Naz Hazrati
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a significant public health issue, with unclear pathophysiological mechanisms and no effective therapies. This study on mice found that repeated mild brain injury led to neurological impairment and DNA damage, with sex differences influencing the recovery of brain function after injury.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Emer Ryan, Lynne Kelly, Catherine Stacey, Dean Huggard, Eimear Duff, Danielle McCollum, Ann Leonard, Gerard Boran, Dermot R. Doherty, Turlough Bolger, Eleanor J. Molloy
Summary: This study demonstrates altered cytokine profiles and endotoxin responses in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI), including mild TBI. Children with mild TBI showed decreased levels of IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, and TNF-alpha compared to controls, along with increased levels of IFN-gamma. In severe TBI, there was no significant IL-6 response to endotoxin, but an increase in IL-17A. These findings suggest immune dysfunction following TBI, especially in mild cases.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Katie J. Neale, Hannah M. O. Reid, Barbara Sousa, Erin Mcdonagh, Jamie Morrison, Sandy Shultz, Eric Eyolfson, Brian R. Christie
Summary: Childhood is a critical time for brain growth and development, but it is also associated with an increased risk of mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI). Using a closed head injury model, researchers investigated the acute effects of repeated mTBI on neurological function and cellular proliferation in juvenile rats. The study found that repeated mTBI did not lead to cumulative neurological deficits but did increase cellular proliferation in the hippocampus, particularly in male animals.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Nathan W. Churchill, Michael G. Hutchison, Simon J. Graham, Tom A. Schweizer
Summary: This study found significant sex differences in brain recovery after concussion, with males showing greater reductions in occipital-parietal blood flow and increases in callosal mean diffusivity, while females had greater reductions in corona radiata fractional anisotropy. These findings provide new insights into how the brain recovers after a concussion, showing sex differences in both the acute and chronic phases of injury.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Henry W. Mahncke, Joseph DeGutis, Harvey Levin, Mary R. Newsome, Morris D. Bell, Chad Grills, Louis M. French, Katherine W. Sullivan, Sarah-Jane Kim, Annika Rose, Catherine Stasio, Michael M. Merzenich
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of self-administered plasticity-based cognitive training for individuals with a history of mild traumatic brain injury and cognitive impairment. The treatment group showed significant improvement in cognitive function compared to the active control group, with equivalent results in depressive and cognitive symptoms between the two groups.
Article
Rehabilitation
Eunkyung Kim, Han Gil Seo, Hyun Haeng Lee, Seung Hak Lee, Seung Hong Choi, Roh-Eul Yoo, Won-Sang Cho, Seo Jung Yun, Min-Gu Kang, Byung-Mo Oh
Summary: The study aimed to investigate changes in regional brain volume after mild traumatic brain injury and their relationship with cognitive deficits. The results showed that individuals with mild traumatic brain injury had reduced brainstem volume and this reduction was significantly associated with cognitive function, especially performance on tests like executive card sorting, forward digit span, and verbal learning.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Britahny M. Baskin, Aric F. Logsdon, Suhjung Janet Lee, Brian D. Foresi, Elaine Peskind, William A. Banks, David G. Cook, Abigail G. Schindler
Summary: In this study, repetitive blast trauma was induced in female and male mice using a blast overpressure model. The findings showed different behavioral, inflammatory, microbiome, and vascular dysfunction outcomes in female and male mice. However, only male mice exhibited adverse behavioral outcomes that lasted at least one month.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Sean C. Rose, Deborah A. Levine, Junxin Shi, Krista Wheeler, Taylour Aungst, Rachel M. Stanley, Miriam H. Beauchamp
Summary: This study examined the incidence and healthcare utilization of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in young children presenting to U.S. emergency departments. The findings showed that early childhood mTBI is prevalent and results in a significant financial burden. There is wide variation in diagnostic coding and treatment strategies among emergency departments, highlighting the need for further research.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Fanny Degeilh, Tilmann von Soest, Lia Ferschmann, Joanne C. Beer, Malo Gaubert, Inga K. Koerte, Christian K. Tamnes
Summary: Childhood mTBI is associated with an increased risk of developing social problems, possibly due to changes in the structural development of the social brain. This study used data from the ABCD Study to examine the development of social problems and cortical thickness in social brain regions following childhood mTBI. The findings showed different developmental trajectories in social problems between children with and without mTBI, with the mTBI group showing higher levels of social problems. Both groups showed similar decreases in social brain cortical thickness.
Review
Psychiatry
Kathryn A. Ritchie, Beth S. Slomine
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a significant public health concern for children. While most children recover within 1 month after mTBI, 10-30% experience lingering neuropsychiatric or neuropsychological symptoms. Factors associated with prolonged recovery include preinjury mental health concerns, female sex, and family characteristics. Early management includes reassurance and brief rest, while specialized evaluation and multimodal therapies are recommended for symptoms lasting more than 4 weeks.
CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Josh W. Faulkner, Alice Theadom, Deborah L. Snell, Matt N. Williams
Summary: This study applied network analysis to investigate post-concussion symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and found that frustration, blurred vision, and concentration difficulties were central symptoms in two different mTBI samples. These symptoms may play an influential role in the experience and maintenance of post-concussion symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Michael C. Scott, Karthik S. Prabhakara, Andrew J. Walters, Scott D. Olson, Charles S. Cox
Summary: In a rodent model of traumatic brain injury, sex-based differences in pathology and neuroinflammation are limited, and only noted in one specific analysis of BBB permeability.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)