Article
Virology
Meik Dilcher, Julia C. Howard, Simon C. Dalton, Trevor Anderson, Richard T. Clinghan, Anja M. Werno
Summary: This article describes a small outbreak of aseptic meningitis caused by echovirus E30 in a New Zealand hospital in 2017. The outbreak involved nine cases, with most patients showing lymphocytic predominance in their cerebrospinal fluid. The VP1 genotyping revealed that the outbreak strain was closely related to strains reported from the US, UK, Brazil, and Denmark. Further analysis suggested that the causative agent of this outbreak might be a mosaic triple-recombinant enterovirus composed of echovirus E6, echovirus E11, and echovirus E30 genome segments.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hongmin Xi, Yi Tian, Hui Shao, Xiangyun Yin, Lili Ma, Ping Yang, Xianghong Li
Summary: We describe an outbreak of echovirus 18 infection involving 10 patients in our neonatal intensive care unit, with an attack rate of 33%. The average age at the onset of illness was 26.8 days, and 80% were preterm infants. All patients were discharged home without any lasting effects. There were no significant differences in gestation age, birth weight, delivery mode, use of antibiotics, and parenteral nutrition between the enterovirus (EV) group and non-EV group, but the rate of breastfeeding was significantly higher in the EV group. Separation care and reinforcement of hand-washing seemed to be effective in preventing further spread of the virus. Visiting policy, hygiene practice, and handling of expressed breastmilk should be reinforced.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Madjid Morsli, Christine Zandotti, Aurelie Morand, Philippe Colson, Michel Drancourt
Summary: In this case report, metagenomic next-generation sequencing successfully identified Echovirus 12 as an etiological agent of acute meningitis in pediatric population, highlighting the potential of this method in improving the accuracy of viral diagnosis.
Review
Microbiology
Yucai Liang, Junbing Chen, Congcong Wang, Bowen Yu, Yong Zhang, Zhijun Liu
Summary: Viruses enter susceptible cells and cause damage by injecting genetic material. E30, a member of Enterovirus B group, has been reported to cause CNS disorders, leading to viral encephalitis and meningitis in children. This review aims to improve understanding of the mechanisms behind CNS diseases caused by E30 for the development of drugs and vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Kimberley S. M. Benschop, Eeva K. Broberg, Emma Hodcroft, Dennis Schmitz, Jan Albert, Anda Baicus, Jean-Luc Bailly, Gudrun Baldvinsdottir, Natasa Berginc, Soile Blomqvist, Sindy Bottcher, Mia Brytting, Erika Bujaki, Maria Cabrerizo, Cristina Celma, Ondrej Cinek, Eric C. J. Claas, Jeroen Cremer, Jonathan Dean, Jennifer L. Dembinski, Iryna Demchyshyna, Sabine Diedrich, Susanne Dudman, Jake Dunning, Robert Dyrdak, Mary Emmanouil, Agnes Farkas, Cillian De Gascun, Guillaume Fournier, Irina Georgieva, Ruben Gonzalez-Sanz, Jolanda Van Hooydonk-Elving, Anne J. Jaaskelainen, Ruta Jancauskaite, Kathrin Keeren, Thea K. Fischer, Sidsel Krokstad, Lubomira Nikolaeva-Glomb, Ludmila Novakova, Sofie E. Midgley, Audrey Mirand, Richard Molenkamp, Ursula Morley, Joel Mossong, Svajune Muralyte, Jean-Luc Murk, Trung Nguyen, Svein A. Nordbo, Riikka Osterback, Suzan Pas, Laura Pellegrinelli, Vassiliki Pogka, Birgit Prochazka, Petra Rainetova, Marc Van Ranst, Lieuwe Roorda, Isabelle Schuffenecker, Rob Schuurman, Asya Stoyanova, Kate Templeton, Jaco J. Verweij, Androniki Voulgari-Kokota, Tytti Vuorinen, Elke Wollants, Katja C. Wolthers, Katherina Zakikhany, Richard Neher, Heli Harvala, Peter Simmonds
Summary: In 2018, there was an upsurge of echovirus 30 (E30) infections reported in Europe, with most cases affecting individuals aged 0-4 and 25-34. A large-scale study of 1,329 E30 strains collected in 22 European countries from 2016 to 2018 revealed that the majority belonged to genetic clades G1 and G6, each with unique recombinant forms. The rapid turnover of new clades and recombinant forms occurred over time, and by 2018, clades G1 and G6 dominated the E30 outbreak, indicating the emergence of two distinct circulating clades in Europe.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Stefano Fontana, Daniela Cimini, Katia Marinelli, Giada Gori, Vania Moroni, Patrizia Bagnarelli, Lucia Collini, Elisabetta Pagani, Elisa Masi, Gabriele Buttinelli, Stefano Fiore, Concetta Amato, Valter Carraro, Paola Stefanelli
Summary: The investigation in Italy found a homogenous laboratory capacity for non-polio enterovirus infection diagnosis, with two outbreaks of Echovirus 30 identified in 2019. These results highlight the need to monitor the circulation of non-polio enterovirus to ascertain the real burden of the disease in the country.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Duc Long Phi, Xuan Duong Tran, Minh Manh To, Hai Yen Dang, Thi Dung Pham, Thi Thu Trang Vu, Trong Kiem Tran, Manh Dung Do, Thi Thuy Vu, Stephane Ranque, Laetitia Ninove, Sylvie Pillet, Philippe Colson, Bernard La Scola, Van Thuan Hoang, Philippe Gautret
Summary: From July to October 2020, there was a significant increase in the number of central nervous system infections in Thai Binh Pediatric Hospital, Viet Nam, with enteroviruses as the predominant pathogen. Older age and higher white blood cell count in the cerebrospinal fluid were significantly associated with CNS infections. Patients received empirical antimicrobial treatment, but there were no recorded deaths.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wenwen Chen, Shuzhen Dai, Liping Xu
Summary: This study described the clinical characteristics of enterovirus infection in neonates, with a high incidence of aseptic meningitis and important diagnostic value of nucleic acid detection of CSF. Screening for enterovirus infection in febrile neonates is suggested, and unnecessary initiation or earlier cessation of antibiotics could be considered in enterovirus infection. Further studies are needed to ensure safety.
Article
Virology
Alexandra I. Wells, Carolyn B. Coyne
Summary: This study established an in vivo neonatal mouse model that recapitulates key aspects of echovirus-induced meningitis, demonstrating that expression of the human homologue of the FcRn and ablation of type I IFN signaling are required for echovirus-induced clinical disease. The research also defined the immunological response of the brain to echovirus infection and identified specific cytokines induced by this infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Madjid Morsli, Jean-Jacques Vincent, Laurine Milliere, Philippe Colson, Michel Drancourt
Summary: The prognosis of central nervous system infections caused by enteroviruses depends partially on the viral genotype, which may not be available through current diagnostic methods. Next-generation sequencing identified an echovirus 9 directly from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with meningitis in this study.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Nokwazi Nkosi, Wolfgang Preiser, Gert van Zyl, Mathilda Claassen, Nadine Cronje, Jean Maritz, Howard Newman, Kerrigan McCarthy, Genevie Ntshoe, Vivien Essel, Stephen Korsman, Diana Hardie, Heidi Smuts
Summary: An outbreak of enterovirus-associated aseptic meningitis occurred in the Western and Eastern Cape Provinces of South Africa from November 2018 to May 2019, with Echovirus 4 identified as the main causative strain. Stool samples proved valuable for molecular typing in cerebrospinal fluid confirmed enterovirus-associated aseptic meningitis cases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lei Xu, Xi Lu, Peng Xiao, Ran Liu, Kunlong Xia, Meizhou Wu, Meilin Jin, Anding Zhang
Summary: Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is an emerging zoonotic agent that can cause meningitis in humans. Meningitic S. suis induces higher levels of IL-17 and IL-17A, which play important roles in the clearance of bacteria and disruption of blood-CNS barriers. This study found that IL-17A downregulates TJ proteins, leading to the leakage of blood-CNS barriers and the development of meningitis caused by meningitic S. suis. IL-17A could be a potential target for the prevention and treatment of S. suis meningitis.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Andres Lizasoain, Daiana Mir, Gisella Masachessi, Adrian Farias, Nelida Rodriguez-Osorio, Matias Victoria, Silvia Nates, Rodney Colina
Summary: This study in Argentina analyzed the diversity of Human Enteroviruses (EVs) in wastewater samples collected in Cordoba during 2011-2012 and 2017-2018. It found a high genetic similarity between environmental strains of echovirus 30 circulating in 2011-2012 and isolates obtained from patients in different locations suffering from aseptic meningitis. The study also highlighted the valuable role of wastewater-based epidemiology in predicting outbreaks before cases appear in the community.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Renan Barros Domingues, Maria Cassia Mendes-Correa, Fernando Brunale Vilela de Moura Leite, Marcio Vega dos Santos, Carlos Augusto Senne Soares
Summary: The FilmArray ME panel plays a vital role in identifying the etiology of central nervous system infections in children, providing accurate diagnosis in cases where conventional analysis fails.
PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Amani Al-Mekhlafi, Kurt-Wolfram Suhs, Sven Schuchardt, Maike Kuhn, Kirsten Mueller-Vahl, Corinna Trebst, Thomas Skripuletz, Frank Klawonn, Martin Stangel, Frank Pessler
Summary: This research compared concentrations of 188 metabolites in CSF samples from patients with bacterial meningitis, viral meningitis/encephalitis, and noninflamed controls. Results showed that phosphatidylcholine concentrations were significantly higher in bacterial meningitis, associated with local disease and a shift in CNS metabolism.
Article
Ophthalmology
Takafumi Yoshioka, Youngseok Song, Motofumi Kawai, Tomofumi Tani, Kengo Takahashi, Satoshi Ishiko, Fabio Lavinsky, Gadi Wollstein, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Joel S. Schuman, Akitoshi Yoshida
Summary: In NTG eyes with single-hemifield damage, the RBF was significantly reduced in the damaged hemisphere compared with the normal one. The RBF decreased in the normal and damaged hemispheres of NTG eyes compared with the healthy hemisphere independent from RNFLT.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Nitish Mehta, Fabio Lavinsky, Ryan Larochelle, Carl Rebhun, Nihaal B. Mehta, Rebecca L. Yanovsky, Michael N. Cohen, Gregory D. Lee, Vaidehi Dedania, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Gadi Wollstein, Joel S. Schuman, Nadia Waheed, Yasha Modi
Summary: This study identified that increased minimum diameter, base diameter, base area of macular hole, and choroidal hypertransmission are correlated with poorer postoperative visual acuity in patients with idiopathic macular hole. However, ellipsoid zone loss measurements did not consistently correlate with visual acuity. Choroidal hypertransmission width could be a potential predictive imaging biomarker in macular hole surgery.
RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Correction
Clinical Neurology
Jonathan Kfir, Mengfei Wu, Mengling Liu, Leela Raju, Joel S. Schuman, Hiroshi Ishikawa, M. Isabel Vanegas, Carlos E. Mendoza-Santiesteban, Jose-Alberto Palma, Lucy Norcliffe-Kaufmann, Barr Morgenstein, Horacio Kaufmann, Gadi Wollstein
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Jessica M. Devant, Grant S. Hansman
Summary: This study revealed a preference for different norovirus genotypes in forming virus-like particles, cautioning future studies to carefully select appropriate particle sizes when examining antigenicity.
Article
Ophthalmology
Archana A. Nair, Rebecca Liebenthal, Shefali Sood, Grant L. Hom, Marc E. Ohlhausen, Thais F. Conti, Carolina C. S. Valentim, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Gadi Wollstein, Joel S. Schuman, Rishi P. Singh, Yasha S. Modi
Summary: This study utilized NIR-OCT to establish the position of the fovea centralis relative to the optic nerve in healthy individuals and found significant differences between the right and left eyes. It highlights the importance of preoperative and postoperative NIR-OCT scans for assessing true foveal ectopia.
TRANSLATIONAL VISION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Mila M. Leuthold, Turgay Kilic, Jessica M. Devant, Oscar Landeta, Francisco Parra, Kevin P. Dalton, Grant S. Hansman
Summary: This study provides the structural basis for the specificity of an RHDV GI.2 diagnostic antibody (2D9) and explains how amino acid variation at the binding site restricts cross-reactivity. The findings have implications for characterizing antigenic variants and developing new monoclonal antibodies for diagnostics and therapeutics.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jacque L. Duncan, Peiyao Cheng, Maureen G. Maguire, Allison A. Ayala, David G. Birch, Janet K. Cheetham, Todd A. Durham, Abigail T. Fahim, Carel B. Hoyng, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Michel Michaelides, Mark E. Pennesi, Jose-Alain Sahel, Katarina Stingl, Christina Y. Weng
Summary: A prospective observational study was conducted on 102 patients with USH2A-related retinal degeneration over a period of two years. It was found that quantitative measures of static perimetry significantly declined during this time. The greatest changes were observed in the full field and peripheral vision, while the central vision showed the least change.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Gargi Kher, Charles Sabin, Jennifer H. Lun, Jessica M. Devant, Kerstin Ruoff, Anna D. Koromyslova, Mark von Itzstein, Marie Pancera, Grant S. Hansman
Summary: Human noroviruses are highly contagious and pose a major problem in closed institutions. New nanobodies have been developed that can efficiently block the HBGA binding site of the virus, providing valuable insights for the prevention of norovirus infections.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Satoko Fujimoto, Gregg T. Kokame, Edwin H. Ryan, Mark W. Johnson, Akito Hirakata, Ashley Shirriff, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Olufemi E. Adams, Nikhil Bommakanti
Summary: This study reviewed eyes with retinoschisis without a visible optic pit. Eyes without foveal involvement can be observed for spontaneous resolution, while eyes with foveal involvement and vision loss can benefit from surgery to improve vision.
OPHTHALMOLOGY RETINA
(2023)
Article
Biology
Ashkan Abbasi, Amirhassan Monadjemi, Leyuan Fang, Hossein Rabbani, Bhavna Josephine Antony, Hiroshi Ishikawa
Summary: A multiscale extension for the well-known block matching and 4D filtering (BM4D) method is proposed by analyzing and extending the wavelet subbands denoising method in such a way that the proposed method avoids directly denoising detail subbands, which considerably simplifies the computations and makes the multiscale processing feasible in 3D.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Hsin-Hao Yu, Stefan R. Maetschke, Bhavna J. Antony, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Gadi Wollstein, Joel S. Schuman, Rahil Garnavi
Summary: The study demonstrates that the accuracy of estimating global visual field indices is improved by integrating information from MAC and ONH, especially in advanced glaucoma patients.
OPHTHALMOLOGY GLAUCOMA
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jonathan Kfir, Mengfei Wu, Mengling Liu, Leela Raju, Joel S. Schuman, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Isabel M. Vanegas, Carlos E. Mendoza-Santiesteban, Jose-Alberto Palma, Lucy Norcliffe-Kaufmann, Barr Morgenstein, Horacio Kaufmann, Gadi Wollstein
Summary: Objective Familial Dysautonomia (FD) disease lacks a useful biomarker for clinical monitoring. In this longitudinal study, structural changes in the macula, peripapillary, and optic nerve head (ONH) regions in subjects with FD were characterized. The rapidly declining RNFL and GCIPL can explain the progressive visual impairment, while ONH parameters may be most suitable for longitudinal follow-up in eyes with measurable cupping.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Hsin-Hao Yu, Bhavna Josephine Antony, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Gadi Wollstein, Joel S. Schuman, Rahil Garnavi
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Jingyuan Zhu, Anoop Sainulabdeen, Jeffrey R. Sims, Muneeb A. Faiq, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Tianmin Ren, Yu Yu, Christopher Kai-Shun Leung, Wenbin Wei, Gadi Wollstein, Joel S. Schuman, Kevin C. Chan
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Ian Rubinoff, Roman V. Kuranov, Yuanbo Wang, Amani A. Fawzi, Zeinab Ghassabi, Benjamin Davis, Behnam Tayebi, Gadi Wollstein, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Joel S. Schuman, Hao Zhang
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2020)