Article
Infectious Diseases
Ayan Ali Ragueh, Mohamed Houmed Aboubaker, Sitani Idriss Mohamed, Jean-Marc Rolain, Seydina M. Diene
Summary: This study investigated the resistance rate to carbapenems among multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) in Djibouti and characterized their resistance mechanisms. The results showed that out of 256 isolates, 20 were resistant to carbapenems. Carbapenemase genes such as bla(OXA-48) and bla(NDM-5) were identified in the isolates.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Malgorzata Brauncajs, Filip Bielec, Anna Macieja, Dorota Pastuszak-Lewandoska
Summary: Gram-negative fermenting and non-fermenting bacteria, especially those that produce carbapenemases, are important etiological factors of nosocomial and community infections. New antibiotics and treatment regimens offer hope against these infections.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mariam Rima, Saoussen Oueslati, Laura Dabos, Dina Daaboul, Hassan Mallat, Elie Bou Raad, Marcel Achkar, Osman Mawlawi, Sandrine Bernabeu, Remy A. Bonnin, Delphine Girlich, Marwan Osman, Monzer Hamze, Thierry Naas
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) in three hospitals in northern Lebanon between 2015 and 2019. The findings highlighted a concerning situation of carbapenem resistance and emphasized the need for effective registration systems in healthcare centers to limit resistance spread.
Article
Microbiology
Olga Tsachouridou, Dimitrios Pilalas, Sideris Nanoudis, Athanasios Antoniou, Isidora Bakaimi, Theofilos Chrysanthidis, Konstantinos Markakis, Angeliki Kassomenaki, Paraskevi Mantzana, Efthymia Protonotariou, Lemonia Skoura, Symeon Metallidis
Summary: In endemic regions, mortality rates for multidrug-resistant bloodstream infections remain high, and high procalcitonin is the only predictor for death, while the use of rapid diagnostic tests did not improve mortality rates.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiaojuan Zhang, Shaoyan Qi, Xiaoguang Duan, Bing Han, Shuguang Zhang, Shaohua Liu, Haixu Wang, Haibo Zhang, Tongwen Sun
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of polymyxin B in the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli infections. The results showed positive clinical outcomes, with a relatively high bacteria eradication rate but also significant mortality at 28 days. Adverse reactions, including nephrotoxicity, were observed in a portion of patients.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Tsegaye Alemayehu, Solomon Asnake, Bereket Tadesse, Elshaday Azerefegn, Enkosilassie Mitiku, Asnakech Agegnehu, Netsanet Nigussie, Techilo HMariam, Moges Desta
Summary: This study identified carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria in 9% of clinical specimens collected from 103 patients. The majority of bacteria showed high resistance rates to antibiotics such as ampicillin, cefuroxime, and cefotaxime, while lower resistance rates were observed for piperacillin-tazobactam, chloramphenicol, meropenem, and amikacin. Measures should be taken to contain the spread of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria, and further studies with more robust methods are needed to fully understand the situation of carbapenem resistance.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mas Chaponda, Adila Shaukat, Mohammad Wajeh Dulli, Stephanie Sioufi, Walid Al Wali
Summary: Bacterial and fungal coinfections, as well as the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, are well recognized during the era of COVID-19 infections. In this study, we present three cases of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica (EM) superinfections in COVID-19 patients, who exhibited resistance to most available antibiotics and poor treatment outcomes.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Haein Kim, Hyeonji Seo, Hyemin Chung, Sunghee Park, Heungsup Sung, Mi-Na Kim, Seongman Bae, Jiwon Jung, Min Jae Kim, Sung-Han Kim, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Yang Soo Kim, Yong Pil Chong
Summary: The value of follow-up blood culture (FUBC) in the management of Gram-negative bacteremia (GNB) is controversial. This study evaluated bedside risk predictors and found that hemodialysis, fever on the day of FUBCs, intravascular device, no use of in vitro active antibiotic within 24 h, non-fermenting bacteria, and multidrug resistance were independent risk factors for positive FUBCs in GNB. The yield of FUBCs increased as the number of bedside risk predictors increased, and positive FUBCs were significantly associated with 30-day mortality.
Review
Microbiology
Slavil Peykov, Tanya Strateva
Summary: Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB), such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, are major opportunistic pathogens involved in the global antibiotic resistance epidemic. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant NFGNBs in the Balkans, particularly carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. and P. aeruginosa isolates, is a cause for concern. Additionally, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is emerging as a healthcare-associated pathogen, causing severe infections in different patient populations. The current situation in the Balkans, including the migrant crisis and border reshaping, poses challenges for antimicrobial stewardship and infection control.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Viveka Nordberg, Aina Iversen, Annika Tidell, Karolina Ininbergs, Christian G. Giske, Lars Naver
Summary: This study in Stockholm, Sweden, found lower incidence of GNB sepsis in neonates compared to previous reports and low occurrence of antibiotic resistance. The in-hospital mortality and 5-day case fatality rate were higher in GNB late-onset sepsis compared to uninfected controls but not in comparison to suspected sepsis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Shuang Xiao, Qianwen Fu, Youhan Miao, Manna Zhao, Shengwei Lu, Jie Xu, Weifeng Zhao
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the data of 139 patients treated with Ceftazidime-Avibactam (CAZ-AVI) for Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) infections. The results showed that CAZ-AVI had high clinical efficacy and bacterial clearance. Compared to Polymyxin B, CAZ-AVI had better outcomes and lower adverse events. However, there was a 14.6% resistance rate to CAZ-AVI, with Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) and Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) showing resistance rates of 13.5% and 15.4%, respectively.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Stephanie Shulder, Pranita D. Tamma, Suiyini Fiawoo, Kathryn Dzintars, Daniel Escobar, Daniel J. Livorsi, Anurag N. Malani, Danica Palacio, Emily S. Spivak, Matty Zimmerman, Jacqueline T. Bork
Summary: A 24-site observational cohort study showed that infectious diseases consultation (IDC) reduced the risk of 30-day mortality by 40% in hospitalized patients with Gram-negative bacteremia (GN-BSI).
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
M. Cristina Vazquez Guillamet, Christopher Damulira, Andrew Atkinson, Victoria J. Fraser, Scott Micek, Marin H. Kollef
Summary: The combination of aminoglycosides and β-lactams is more effective in reducing the incidence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli compared to β-lactams alone. This retrospective cohort study analyzed septic patients treated between 2010 and 2017, and found that the addition of aminoglycosides to β-lactams significantly decreased the risk of subsequent infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
James A. Karlowsky, Sibylle H. Lob, Tsz K. Khan, Wei -Ting Chen, Patrick C. Y. Woo, Wing Hong Seto, Margaret Ip, Stanley W. M. Leung, Queenie W. -L. Wongc, Rene W. Y. Chau, C. Andrew DeRyke, Katherine Young, Mary R. Motyl, Daniel F. Sahm
Summary: This study aimed to estimate carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacterales isolated from infected patients in intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU hospital wards in Hong Kong. The results showed that ceftolozane/tazobactam demonstrated potent in vitro activity against both P. aeruginosa and Enterobacterales, while meropenem and imipenem had lower susceptibility rates. Carbapenemases were rare in both P. aeruginosa and Enterobacterales isolates, and most Enterobacterales had high susceptibility to meropenem and ertapenem.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Carmen Antonia Sanches Ito, Larissa Bail, Lavinia Nery Villa Stangler Arend, Kleber Oliveira Silva, Simone Sebold Michelotto, Keite da Silva Nogueira, Felipe Francisco Tuon
Summary: The study evaluated the performance of a new MicroScan Neg multidrug-resistant MIC 1 (NMR1) panel for clinical carbapenem-nonsusceptible Gram-negative bacilli isolates, demonstrating high reliability in detecting ceftazidime-avibactam and ceftolozane-tazobactam. The panel is a viable option for clinical applications, especially for KPC-producing Enterobacterales and carbapenem-nonsusceptible P. aeruginosa.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
