Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Mads S. Thomsen, Luca Mondardini, Francois Thoral, Derek Gerber, Shinae Montie, Paul M. South, Leigh Tait, Shane Orchard, Tommaso Alestra, David R. Schiel
Summary: The study documents the cascading effects of seismic uplift and heatwaves on coastal foundation species in Kaikoura, New Zealand, with significant losses to the dominant bull kelps. The impacts are likely to compromise the self-replacement capacity and resilience of these species, highlighting the long-lasting ecological legacies of seismic activity and extreme heatwaves.
DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tom W. Bell, David A. Siegel
Summary: The study shows that the spatiotemporal patterns of physiological condition in giant kelp, and thus growth and production, are regulated by different processes depending on the scale of observation. Nutrient supply affects physiological condition dynamics at a regional scale, while internal senescence processes related to canopy age demographics determine patterns of biomass loss at a local scale.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Griffin S. Srednick, Mark A. Steele
Summary: The physical structure provided by marine macroalgae can be a better predictor of fish assemblage structure than macroalgal species identity. However, macrophytes are only one of many factors that drive spatiotemporal variation in community structure.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mads S. Thomsen, Andrew H. Altieri, Christine Angelini, Melanie J. Bishop, Fabio Bulleri, Roxanne Farhan, Viktoria M. M. Fruhling, Paul E. Gribben, Seamus B. Harrison, Qiang He, Moritz Klinghardt, Joachim Langeneck, Brendan S. Lanham, Luca Mondardini, Yannick Mulders, Semonn Oleksyn, Aaron P. Ramus, David R. Schiel, Tristan Schneider, Alfonso Siciliano, Brian R. Silliman, Dan A. Smale, Paul M. South, Thomas Wernberg, Stacy Zhang, Gerhard Zotz
Summary: Habitat heterogeneity is a primary driver of biodiversity patterns, but its universal role has not been fully understood due to a lack of coordinated experiments. This study conducted 22 experiments to assess the impact of habitat heterogeneity on biodiversity across different ecosystems and regions, and found that positive and additive effects were common across the three axes of heterogeneity. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the importance of habitat heterogeneity in promoting biodiversity through facilitative interactions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Claudia E. L. Hill, Myrsini M. Lymperaki, Bert W. Hoeksema
Summary: A comparative study between a centuries-old manmade structure and the nearest natural reef at St. Eustatius in the eastern Caribbean found that the artificial reef had significantly lower species richness and fewer competitive interactions than the natural reef. The artificial reef was dominated by crustose coralline algae and zoantharians, while the natural reef was dominated by turf algae and fire corals. Significant differences in species composition were also found between exposed and sheltered sites on both reefs.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Harizah B. Hariz, Rebecca J. Lawton, Rupert J. Craggs
Summary: This study compared the effects of seeding method and species composition on the biomass productivity and nutrient removal rates of FANS treating agricultural drainage. The results showed that the seeding method and species composition did not significantly affect biomass productivity and nutrient removal performance. However, the FANS seeded with a single species had lower biomass wash-off and higher nutrient removal rates compared to the FANS with mixed species.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Ines Leal, Rejean Tremblay, Augusto A. V. Flores
Summary: Terrestrial nutrients flushed to sea via coastal runoff may provide trophic subsidies to filter-feeders, modulating settlement dynamics and dispersal potential. This study investigated the effects of allochthonous subsidies on the mytilid Brachidontes solisianus in subtropical Brazilian shores. The results suggest that coastal runoff leads to organic-rich plumes, which strongly influence the settlement rate and dispersal potential of B. solisianus, highlighting the importance of land-to-sea subsidies for benthic communities in oligotrophic regions.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Ben P. Harvey, Koetsu Kon, Sylvain Agostini, Shigeki Wada, Jason M. Hall-Spencer
Summary: The study found that long-term exposure to CO2-enriched waters can lead to simplified marine biological community development dominated by algae with reduced biodiversity and ecological complexity. Furthermore, settlement tiles became dominated by turf algae under CO2-enrichment, with lower biomass, diversity, and complexity observed consistently across different seasons. However, despite greater net community production in the elevated pCO2 community, this did not result in increased algal community cover, biomass, biodiversity or structural complexity.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniela Basso, Giulia Piazza, Valentina Alice Bracchi
Summary: Calcareous red algae are foundation species and ecosystem engineers with a global distribution. However, the principles governing their calcification pathways are still debated and the morphological characters are frequently unreliable for species segregation. In this study, the researchers described a new species Lithophyllum pseudoracemus, and used high resolution SEM images to explore the effectiveness of microanatomy and ultrastructural calcification traits for species identification. The results showed that different size of the perithallial cells and the features of the asexual conceptacle chambers may contribute to the separation of the two species.
Article
Ecology
Kevin A. Hovel, J. Emmett Duffy, John J. Stachowicz, Pamela Reynolds, Christoffer Bostrom, Katharyn E. Boyer, Stephanie Cimon, Mathieu Cusson, Fredrick Joel Fodrie, Karine Gagnon, Clara M. Hereu, Masakazu Hori, Pablo Jorgensen, Claudia Kruschel, Kun-Seop Lee, Masahiro Nakaoka, Nessa E. O'Connor, Francesca Rossi, Jennifer Ruesink, Fiona Tomas, Shelby Ziegler
Summary: The study found that, contrary to the common belief, predation risk for tethered crustaceans were lower along patch edges than in patch interiors at most eelgrass sites, regardless of habitat degradation. The extent to which edges reduced predation risk was correlated with higher eelgrass structural complexity and prey biomass at edges, suggesting an indirect component to edge effects.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carolina M. Pinto, Pamela E. Pairo, M. Isabel Bellocq, Julieta Filloy
Summary: Changes in land-use introduce environmental modifications that drive species loss and trait changes in spider assemblages. Different land-use types result in different species and trait compositions, leading to functional impoverishment compared to natural grasslands. Developing productive landscapes with a mosaic of land-use types could help mitigate biodiversity loss by providing microhabitats for species with varied requirements and conserving spider functions in mosaics.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Yang Gao, Xiuwei Wang, Zijun Mao, Liu Yang, Zhiyan Jiang, Xiangwei Chen, Doug P. Aubrey
Summary: The study investigated the soil microbial community structure using fungi ITS and bacteria 16S rDNA, finding a close relationship between fungal communities and tree species, and between bacterial communities and soil nitrogen. Co-occurrence networks were stronger in mixed plantations, with microbial structures related to soil carbon and nitrogen significantly increased.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zorica Popovic, Srdjan Bojovic, Milena Markovic, Artemi Cerda
Summary: The flammability of trees is an important topic for ecology, management, and restoration plans, with different tree species exhibiting varying levels of flammability. Understanding the relationship between plant traits and flammability is crucial for comprehending vegetation-fire dynamics at different scales.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Gracie Liu, Jodi J. L. Rowley, Richard T. Kingsford, Corey T. Callaghan
Summary: Anthropogenic habitat modification is accelerating, posing a threat to global biodiversity. Research on Australian frogs revealed that most species are negatively affected by habitat modification, especially specialists and those with larger geographic ranges. Traits such as call dominant frequency, body size, clutch type, and calling position are related to tolerance levels towards habitat modification. A urgent need for improved anthropogenic impact consideration and conservation measures for long-term frog population persistence is highlighted, particularly focusing on intolerant species and specialists.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Nayara Ferreira Carvalho, Raquel Costa e Silva, Jose Souto Rosa Filho, Giuliano Buza Jacobucci
Summary: This study found that there is a close relationship between caprellid assemblages and algal complexity in coastal marine ecosystems. Different algal architectures host communities with different structures, affecting caprellid density and diversity. Caprellids show a clear preference for specific algal traits, contributing to increased diversity in caprellid populations.
ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Katja J. Geiger, Julio Arrontes, Antonella Rivera, Consolacion Fernandez, Jorge Alvarez, Jose Luis Acuna
Summary: A two-year experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of Pollicipes pollicipes harvest on intertidal community structure and ecological diversity. The study found that intensive exploitation resulted in a decrease in P. pollicipes and Mytilus spp. coverage, while Chthamalus spp. and Corallina spp. increased. The recovery of P. pollicipes aggregations was slow and variable, but their coverage increased under non-extracted conditions.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Daniel Castro Martignago, Leandro Godoy, Amanda Pereira Amaral, Guendalina Turcato Oliveira
Summary: This study evaluates the effects of bleaching on the oocytes of the Mussismilia harttii coral and investigates the strategies employed by these cells to maintain antioxidant balance and cellular homeostasis. The research finds that bleached coral oocytes experience lipid damage, but are still able to maintain their quality and potentially elongate their lifespan and fertilization capability. This response may be linked to an intensification of heterotrophy in bleached corals.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
(2024)