Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Chao Li, Francis Zwiers, Xuebin Zhang, Guilong Li, Ying Sun, Michael Wehner
Summary: The study shows that the new-generation models simulate present-day temperature and precipitation extremes reasonably well and project more frequent and intense hot temperature and precipitation extremes in the future due to global warming. The changes in temperature and precipitation extremes are mostly influenced by global annual mean surface air temperature, with regional variations observed.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matilde Rusticucci, Natalia Zazulie
Summary: The analysis of temperature extreme indices in southern South America showed that the largest positive trends were observed in the tropical nights index, with a clear anthropogenic signal in the subtropical and Andes regions. Significant changes in Patagonia were attributed to anthropogenic forcing, while projected changes for the 21st century are consistent with a warming climate, particularly in warm nights indices.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Weili Duan, Shan Zou, Nikolaos Christidis, Nathalie Schaller, Yaning Chen, Netrananda Sahu, Zhi Li, Gonghuan Fang, Botao Zhou
Summary: This study used Gini-coefficients to analyze the impact of anthropogenic forcing on the temporal inequality of precipitation in China. The results show a positive influence of anthropogenic activities on precipitation extremes, especially in southern regions. Projections indicate an upward trend in temporal precipitation variability under different scenarios. The findings provide insights for managing water-related disasters.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Francisco Estrada, Pierre Perron, Yohei Yamamoto
Summary: Studying the frequency and magnitude of climate extremes is crucial in understanding the impact of natural and human factors as the world warms. Using advanced time series methods, we analyze the spatial and temporal role of these factors and find that extreme temperature and rainfall events have significantly increased in risk globally. Anthropogenic forcing is the primary driver of this increase, amplifying the effects of natural forcing. We also identify risk hotspots based on high exposure and vulnerability, such as regions with high GDP and population. In 2018, anthropogenic forcings were responsible for increased risk to extreme temperature/precipitation affecting a significant proportion of the global population and GDP compared to the baseline period 1961-1990.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Mastawesha Misganaw Engdaw, Andrea K. Steiner, Gabriele C. Hegerl, Andrew P. Ballinger
Summary: Global warming has had a clear impact on the occurrence of extreme events. Observations show a decrease in cold extreme temperatures and an increase in hot extreme temperatures over the past decades. Analysis of climate model simulations reveals that anthropogenic forcings are the main drivers of these changes.
WEATHER AND CLIMATE EXTREMES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuan Zhang, Qiangzi Li, Yong Ge, Xin Du, Hongyan Wang
Summary: Temperature extremes with altered characteristics are one of the most threatening impacts of global warming. The study showed that globally, the intensity of heat extremes significantly increased while that of cold extremes decreased at a faster rate, leading to an overall decrease in extreme events. The trends varied across regions, with the most notable shifts observed in the Tropical and Polar zones.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Salah Basem Ajjur, Sami G. Al-Ghamdi
Summary: This study projected the trend of absolute temperature extremes globally through the 21st century, showing significant increases under high emission scenarios during the middle and end of the century. All reference regions are expected to experience notable growth in extreme temperature indices.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Hadush Meresa, Yongqiang Zhang, Jing Tian, Ning Ma, Xuanze Zhang, Hadi Heidari, Shahid Naeem
Summary: Understanding the potential impacts of climate change on extreme hydrological events is crucial for water resource and risk management. Integrated modeling frameworks play a key role in studying these impacts, with various components contributing to uncertainty in predicting extreme flows in different regions.
SURVEYS IN GEOPHYSICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Tianjun Zhou, Wenxia Zhang, Lixia Zhang, Robin Clark, Cheng Qian, Qinghong Zhang, Hui Qiu, Jie Jiang, Xing Zhang
Summary: The year 2021 was the 6th warmest since 1880 and was characterized by unprecedented climate extremes. This article reviews selected high-impact climate extremes in China and discusses their potential links to global-scale climate extremes.
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yatong Zhang, Peng Tian, Lin Yang, Guangju Zhao, Xingmin Mu, Bing Wang, Pengfei Du, Peng Gao, Wenyi Sun
Summary: Global warming has resulted in increased climate extremes, affecting hydrological cycles and soil erosion processes. However, the relationship between river sediment load and climate change, particularly climate extremes, has not been well understood. This study investigated the temporal trends and spatial patterns of sediment load in 70 hydrological stations across ten major river basins in China. It was found that the annual total sediment load exhibited a significant negative trend, with a significant decline observed in the Yangtze River basin and the Yellow River basin. Human activities were identified as the primary driver of sediment load changes. The study provides valuable insights into the interaction between river sediment load and climate extremes, which can inform decision-making in river basin management.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Junhong Guo, Yangshuo Shen, Xiuquan Wang, Xi Liang, Zhenlu Liu, Lvliu Liu
Summary: China is facing increasing challenges due to severe precipitation-related extremes caused by global warming. This study investigates the future responses of precipitation extreme indices under different global warming levels and emissions scenarios. The results show that extreme precipitation events will become more frequent and intense over China, especially under higher emissions and global warming levels. Limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees C and adopting low emission pathways would significantly reduce the occurrences of extreme precipitation events in China.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Anjali Thomas, Adrian McDonald, James Renwick, Jordis S. Tradowsky, Greg E. Bodeker, Suzanne Rosier
Summary: This study quantifies how human influences have impacted the frequencies of extreme temperatures in New Zealand, based on different synoptic weather types. The results show that there has been a two to three fold increase in the frequencies of extremes, with an average temperature rise of close to 1 degree Celsius, due to anthropogenic influence. Some synoptic situations have particularly seen enhanced frequencies of extremes, such as low-pressure centers to the northeast and northwest of New Zealand.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhongwei Liu, Jonathan M. Eden, Bastien Dieppois, Matthew Blackett
Summary: Wildfires have become more frequent and intense in many parts of the world, with climate change being a major contributor. A study using an empirical-statistical method found that the likelihood of climate-related fire risk has increased by at least a factor of four in approximately 40% of fire-prone regions due to rising global temperature. Furthermore, a set of extreme fire weather events occurring in recent years were mostly associated with increased likelihood due to global temperature rise.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jitendra Singh, Sebastian Sippel, Erich M. Fischer
Summary: Heat extremes have intensified globally in recent decades, with Western Europe experiencing a strong intensification and the Midwest United States showing weak warming or even a decrease in the intensity of heat extremes. This study reveals that the cooling effect induced by atmospheric circulation has reversed the thermodynamic warming trend in the Midwest United States, while in Western Europe, circulation has greatly amplified the warming trend. Understanding the causes of these circulation-induced trends is crucial for predicting future heat extremes.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Frank A. La Sorte, Alison Johnston, Toby R. Ault
Summary: This study analyzed 70 years of climate data to estimate the frequency and duration of extreme heat and extreme cold events globally, revealing pronounced seasonal variations and regional characteristics.
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. E. Perkins-Kirkpatrick, D. A. Stone, D. M. Mitchell, S. Rosier, A. D. King, Y. T. E. Lo, J. Pastor-Paz, D. Frame, M. Wehner
Summary: Investigations into the role of anthropogenic climate change in extreme weather events need to carefully consider methodological choices to avoid misinterpretation. The anthropogenic signal behind weather events may differ from the signal behind the impact system, and it is important to assess impacts in addition to meteorological events due to lags and nonlinearities.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Suman Bhattacharyya, S. Sreekesh, Andrew King
Summary: This study compares twelve gridded rainfall datasets to understand the spatial and temporal variations of extreme rainfall events in India. The study finds that these datasets have large uncertainties and often underestimate high-intensity extreme events.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Kimberley J. Reid, Andrew D. King, Todd P. Lane, Debra Hudson
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of atmospheric rivers (ARs) climatology and impacts over Australia, considering different types of ARs and their effects on mean and extreme rainfall. The study finds a strong relationship between ARs and extreme rainfall in the Murray-Darling basin region, and examines the differences between tropical/subtropical and extratropical ARs in terms of their vertical structure and intensity drivers. Additionally, the study explores the modulation of AR frequency by different climate modes and identifies a potential skill in forecasting ARs based on the phases of the Madden-Julian oscillation.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Nick Earl, Tom A. Remenyi, Andrew King, Peter T. Love, D. Rollins, Rebecca M. B. Harris
Summary: While extreme weather and climate events have been studied for several decades, analysis of compound events has only begun in recent years. The study found that many severe flooding events in Tasmania do not coincide with the highest rainfall days. A method was developed using climate data and models to examine compound rainfall events from 1961 to 2100. The findings showed a decrease in the number of compound rainfall events in the Tasmanian catchments studied, with an increase in intensity in some areas.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sopia Lestari, Andrew King, Claire Vincent, Alain Protat, David Karoly, Shuichi Mori
Summary: This study investigates the influence of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) on rainfall around Jakarta. The results show that the MJO strongly modulates rain rates over the region, with varying effects depending on topography. High-resolution radar is beneficial for capturing local responses to the larger-scale forcing of the MJO in Indonesia.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andrew D. King, Jacqueline Peel, Tilo Ziehn, Kathryn J. Bowen, Harry L. O. McClelland, Celia McMichael, Zebedee R. J. Nicholls, J. M. Kale Sniderman
Summary: Even after achieving net-zero emissions, the impact of current greenhouse gas emissions on climate will persist. It is crucial to understand and prepare for a cooling planet.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andrew D. King
Summary: This study used observational data to compute spatial climate analogs to identify and quantify past changes. Climate shifts were found, particularly in Darwin where temperature variability is lower than in extratropical cities. Extremes analogs, including a human health-relevant climate analog, were constructed and highlighted significant climate shifts. Analogues can also be used to examine extreme events and communicate future change.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Alexander Borowiak, Andrew King, Todd Lane
Summary: Rainfall during the monsoon in northwest Australia has increased since the 1950s. The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) plays a significant role in explaining this rainfall increase. The longer duration of MJO phases associated with enhanced rainfall in northwest Australia is the main driver for the increasing occurrence of rainfall.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andrew D. King, Michael R. Grose, Joyce Kimutai, Izidine Pinto, Luke J. Harrington
Summary: Loss and damage funds are designed to help low-income regions cope with the impacts of climate change caused by humans. Currently, event attribution has a limited role in determining the allocation of these funds, but it may become more significant as the field advances.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jon Barnett, Teresa Konlechner, Elissa Waters, Michelle Woody Minnapinni, Sergio Jarillo, Brian Austral, James De Santis, Lesley Head, Clinton Rioli, Andrew King
Summary: This paper discusses the importance of researching the observations of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities regarding climate change, and the production of detailed knowledge through interviews and aerial data. The data collected reveal changes in climate-sensitive biophysical systems that would otherwise go unnoticed. Systematic observations by Indigenous communities can provide excellent monitoring of climate change impacts and support for adaptation from the State is a right shared by both Indigenous and non-Indigenous people.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Andrew D. D. King, Kimberley J. J. Reid, Kate R. R. Saunders
Summary: Extreme rainfall events are often attributed to climate change due to thermodynamic arguments, but the presence of complex dynamic processes should not be overlooked. Scientists bear the responsibility of providing accurate information to the media and the public.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Kimberley J. Reid, Debra Hudson, Andrew D. King, Todd P. Lane, Andrew G. Marshall
Summary: Subseasonal forecasting is a growing area of science that aims to predict average weather conditions multiple weeks in advance. This study analyzes retrospective forecast sets to compare the forecast skill of precipitation using integrated water vapor transport as a proxy, finding that it can improve the prediction of high precipitation weeks.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Seungmok Paik, Soon-Il An, Seung-Ki Min, Andrew D. King, Jongsoo Shin
Summary: Most studies on future monsoon changes have focused on precipitation responses to carbon dioxide (CO2) without considering variations in monsoon area (MA). This study evaluates the impacts of CO2 ramp-up, ramp-down, and stabilized simulations on MA variations, finding that regional monsoons show hysteresis in their response to CO2 levels. The variations in MA and monsoon precipitation are influenced by Intertropical Convergence Zone movements and El Nino-like response. The results suggest that regions with a monsoonal climate may experience reduced seasonal rainfall variations under net-negative CO2 emissions.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Michael R. Grose, Ghyslaine Boschat, Blair Trewin, Vanessa Round, Linden Ashcroft, Andrew D. King, Sugata Narsey, Edward Hawkins
Summary: Mean annual temperature is an important metric for monitoring climate change and its impacts. This study examines regional temperature change in Australia using a framework of 'global warming levels'. The findings show that Australia has experienced a warming of approximately 1.6 degrees C since the late 19th century, in line with global land average warming. Projections suggest that future warming in Australia will be slightly less than the observed ratio to date.
JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE EARTH SYSTEMS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Puyu Feng, Bin Wang, Ian Macadam, Andrea S. Taschetto, Nerilie J. Abram, Jing-Jia Luo, Andrew D. King, Yong Chen, Yi Li, De Li Liu, Qiang Yu, Kelin Hu
Summary: This study demonstrates the changing impacts of climate variability on wheat productivity in Australia by using a crop model and a machine learning algorithm. The findings show that the impacts of El Nino Southern Oscillation have decreased since the 1990s, while the impacts of Indian Ocean Dipole have increased, resulting in severe yield reductions in recent decades.
