Study of composite-based natural fibers and renewable polymers, using bacteria to ameliorate the fiber/matrix interface

In this paper, bacteria belonging to the species Acetobacter xylinum were used to modify the surface of natural fibers by depositing nanosized bacterial cellulose around natural fibers which enhances their adhesion to renewable polymers. Single fiber tensile test was used in order to determine their mechanical properties and surface. The practical adhesion between the modified fibers and the renewable polymers cellulose acetate butyrate is quantified using the single fiber pullout test. Simple weight gain measurements before and after the modification show that about 4 and 6% bacterial cellulose adheres to the fibers as a result of the bacterial modification procedure. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs confirm the presence of attached bacterial cellulose on the surfaces of natural fibers.