Article
Polymer Science
Jiayu Yao, Jian Wang, Zhongzhou Zhang, Fei Chen, Yuhong Liu
Summary: Catalytic graphitization particles are widely used to improve the thermal stability and char yields of conventional phenolic resins. The direct addition of inorganic particles may cause phase separation and reduce the crosslinking density. In this study, a formaldehyde-free phenolic resin was synthesized using a non-hazardous dialdehyde, terephthalaldehyde (TPA). By co-curing ferrocenecarboxaldehyde (Fc) and the TPA resin, a high char yield modified resin was obtained with improved thermal properties due to the formation of a more ordered carbide structure.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jong-Hwan Ko, Sang-Hye Lee, Jae-Seung Roh
Summary: The purpose of this study is to improve the oxidation resistance of graphite blocks at high temperatures by introducing a curing process of phenolic resin as a binder. The curing temperature was set at 150 degrees Celsius to achieve the highest cross-linking effect. Cured graphite blocks exhibited enhanced mechanical and electrical properties, along with inhibited formation of large pores. Therefore, the cured graphite blocks showed better oxidation resistance due to the reduction in active sites caused by the pyrolysis of the phenolic resin binder.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yu Ren, Xu Lin, Wenlin Wang, Zhengjun Shi, Zhifeng Zheng, Can Liu
Summary: Lignin thermoplastic phenolic resin was prepared by controlling the molar ratio, and then thermoplastic phenolic fiber was obtained. The effects of different curing bath acid proportions on the fiber properties were investigated, leading to lignin phenolic fiber with good performance and strength.
MATERIALS RESEARCH EXPRESS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Claudia A. Ramirez-Herrera, Isidro Cruz-Cruz, Isaac H. Jimenez-Cedeno, Oscar Martinez-Romero, Alex Elias-Zuniga
Summary: This study focused on investigating the curing process of an epoxy-based resin designed for aerospace applications. The results showed that specific curing processing conditions lead to an enhancement of the composite mechanical properties.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Tangfeng Feng, Peng Xu, Yunfei Wang, Yan Gao, Huan Wang, Jiale Dong, Hua-Xin Peng, Faxiang Qin
Summary: A novel strategy for real-time monitoring of the curing process of thermosetting resin using magnetic fiber (MF) with sensitive stress impedance effect was proposed. By continuously monitoring the dynamic physical properties of epoxy resin during the curing process, it is possible to digitize the evolution of resin crosslinking reaction and capture the gelation point and local mechanical state. The MF sensors for curing process monitoring have the potential to be developed into a life-cycle structural health monitoring of polymer composites and instrumental to their smart manufacturing advancement.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Mengying Li, Jun Xiao, Xingbang Wang, Xiao Yang, Xiaodong Chen
Summary: A high-performance compound epoxy resin system suitable for wet filament winding was designed with improved properties. Through comparing the curing behavior of thermal and microwave curing composites, it was found that microwave curing exhibited higher curing degree and reaction rate in the early and middle stages. However, in the later stages of curing, the difference between the two methods was minimal.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Mingcen Lin, Wenling Zhou, Ye Yao, Jingxiang Chen, Chunhui Zhang
Summary: Paper-based friction materials were cured via hot-pressing, which resulted in uneven resin distribution and reduced mechanical properties. To address this, a pre-curing method was introduced, and the effects on the material's surface morphology and mechanical properties were studied. With a pre-curing degree of 60% achieved at 160°C for 10 minutes, the material retained abundant pore structures without causing mechanical damage during hot-pressing, leading to improved static mechanical properties, decreased permanent deformation, and reasonable dynamic mechanical properties.
Article
Polymer Science
Anthony Poca, Kenza De Peretti Della Rocca, Karim Nasr, Romain Ducasse, Thibault Canceill
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of variations in thickness and translucency of lithium disilicate-enriched glass-ceramic veneers on the degree of conversion (DC) of a light-curing composite resin. Slices of IPS e.max((R)) CAD blocks were obtained with thicknesses ranging from 0.6 mm to 1 mm. The resin was injected into a silicone mold and the veneer was inserted and digitally pressed. A 40-second light cure was performed. Analysis of resin samples revealed a decrease in conversion rate with modified translucency, and a significant change in conversion rate with increased ceramic thickness. Contradictory data from literature reports were found regarding the absence of differences in conversion rates for different ceramic thicknesses.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Fangjuan Zheng, Zhiyi Ren, Bin Xu, Kun Wan, Jiangtao Cai, Jundong Yang, Tao Zhang, Peng Wang, Bo Niu, Yayun Zhang, Donghui Long
Summary: This study investigated the pyrolysis mechanism of phenolic resin using a combination of experimental and simulation methods, revealing that the pyrolysis process can be divided into three stages with increasing activation energy. A decomposition kinetic model based on 30 kinetic function models was established. The simulation results were in good agreement with experimental data, providing a deep understanding of phenolic resin pyrolysis behaviors at the atom scale.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yijun Zhang, Chengfan Yuan, Jie Ding, Yingluo Zhuang, Yan Li, Cunku Wang, Zhixiong Huang
Summary: A simultaneous drying-curing method was designed for preparing phenolic aerogels, which shortened the preparation time by nearly half and improved the safety compared to conventional methods. The aerogels prepared by this method showed good microstructure, pore structure, and mechanical properties.
REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Haolan Gou, Yingying Zhao, Yanglong Zhou, Wei Wei, Xiaoma Fei, Xiaojie Li, Xiaoya Liu
Summary: For molding compounds used in electronic packaging, curing accelerators have a significant impact on the cross-linked structure and performance of the cured product. This study introduced nine commercially available imidazole compounds into a ternary system to reduce curing temperature. The research showed differences in reaction activity of epoxy resin initiated by different imidazole compounds, while the curing behavior of benzoxazine remained consistent even when catalyzed with imidazoles.
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Tianyu Zhu, Chunxiang Lu, Xiaoxuan Lu, Jieying Zhi, Yingjun Song
Summary: A new epoxy-terminated hyperbranched polyether sulfone (EHPES) was synthesized and modified in diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA), improving the comprehensive performance of the copolymer, especially the tensile, flexural, and impact strengths.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elodie Melro, Hugo Duarte, Filipe E. Antunes, Artur J. M. Valente, Anabela Romano, Magnus Norgren, Bruno Medronho
Summary: A new type of foam material was developed by partially substituting non-sustainable phenol with lignin extracted from pine wood residues using a green levulinic acid-based solvent. The novel foams were compared to commercially available lignin-based foams in terms of various features, including foam density, microstructure, surface hydrophilicity, chemical grafting, and mechanical and thermal properties. The research showed that up to 30 wt% of phenol can be replaced without compromising the foam properties, indicating the potential of lignin-based foams as sustainable and renewable alternatives to petrol-based counterparts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Mohammed Aldhafyan, Nikolaos Silikas, David C. Watts
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effects of curing modes on the conversion degree and polymerization shrinkage of dual-cure resin cements. The results showed that light-cured specimens had higher conversion degree and lower shrinkage compared to self-cured specimens over specific post-activation periods. There was a positive correlation between conversion and shrinkage. The findings are significant for clinical selection of resin cement products.
Article
Polymer Science
Hajime Kimura, Keiko Ohtsuka, Morio Yonekawa
Summary: The study investigated the curing behavior of an epoxy resin using two compounds as curing agents, revealing that the reaction between the acid anhydride group and the epoxy group followed by the phenylethynylcarbonyl groups significantly improved heat resistance and flame retardancy of the resulting product. The presence of a small amount of the imide compound enhanced the efficiency of the reaction.
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)