Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jenny Szu, Andre Obenaus
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a devastating neurological disorder characterized by memory and cognitive decline, with two main hypotheses proposed regarding its underlying mechanisms. The amyloid hypothesis suggests A beta accumulation as the basis of AD, while the vascular hypothesis links early vascular damage to increased A beta deposits in the brain. Studies have shown significant morphological changes in the cerebrovasculature associated with AD progression, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Raquel Sanchez-Varo, Elisabeth Sanchez-Mejias, Juan Jose Fernandez-Valenzuela, Vanessa De Castro, Marina Mejias-Ortega, Angela Gomez-Arboledas, Sebastian Jimenez, Maria Virtudes Sanchez-Mico, Laura Trujillo-Estrada, Ines Moreno-Gonzalez, David Baglietto-Vargas, Marisa Vizuete, Jose Carlos Davila, Javier Vitorica, Antonia Gutierrez
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by initial memory impairments that progress to dementia. Synaptic dysfunction and loss have been established as the pathological features that best correlate with the typical early cognitive decline in this disease.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erica Caballero, Elena Hernando-Perez, Victor Tapias, Maria Calvo-Rodriguez, Carlos Villalobos, Lucia Nunez
Summary: The Aβ oligomers in Alzheimer's disease promote calcium influx by amyloid channels and NMDA receptors, leading to excitotoxicity and neuron degeneration.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Krista Mineia Wartchow, Leticia Rodrigues, Izabela Swierzy, Michael Buchfelder, Diogo Onofre de Souza, Carlos-Alberto Goncalves, Andrea Kleindienst
Summary: The study found that long-term increased S100B levels have sex-dependent and brain region-specific effects on amyloid-beta processing, highlighting the importance of further investigating signaling pathways and behavioral responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dongyu Fan, Huiyun Li, Dongwan Chen, Yang Chen, Xu Yi, Heng Yang, Qianqian Shi, Fangyang Jiao, Yi Tang, Qiming Li, Fangyang Wang, Shunan Wang, Rongbing Jin, Fan Zeng, Yanjiang Wang
Summary: The study found no significant differences in cortical standard uptake ratios, grey/white ratio, and brain atrophy indices between hypoperfused regions and contralateral normally perfused regions in patients with unilateral chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, suggesting that chronic hypoperfusion may not directly induce cerebral beta-amyloid deposition and neurodegeneration in humans due to large vessel stenosis.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Min-Soo Kim, Jihye Bang, Bu-Yeo Kim, Won Kyung Jeon
Summary: This study revealed that chronic cerebral hypoperfusion can impair cognitive flexibility in 5XFAD mice, possibly involving Aβ clearance mechanisms.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Tian Feng, Xinran Hu, Yusuke Fukui, Zhihong Bian, Yuting Bian, Hongming Sun, Mami Takemoto, Taijun Yunoki, Yumiko Nakano, Ryuta Morihara, Koji Abe, Toru Yamashita
Summary: The oral ingestion of scallop-derived plasmalogen (sPlas) has beneficial effects on cognitive function and cerebral blood flow in AD with CCH. It reduces protein deposition and neuroinflammation, improves oxidative stress, and inhibits neuronal loss.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Deebika Balu, Ana C. Valencia-Olvera, Zarak Islam, Clare Mielczarek, Allison Hansen, Tamara M. Perez Ramos, Jason York, Mary Jo Ladu, Leon M. Tai
Summary: Increasing evidence supports the interaction of age, APOE, and sex in modulating Alzheimer's disease risk. Female APOE4 mice have the highest levels of Aβ deposition, fibrillar amyloid deposits, neuroinflammation, and earlier behavior deficits. The combination of female sex and APOE4 genotype may be the most detrimental for Alzheimer's disease.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Annamaria Lia, Gabriele Sansevero, Angela Chiavegato, Miriana Sbrissa, Diana Pendin, Letizia Mariotti, Tullio Pozzan, Nicoletta Berardi, Giorgio Carmignoto, Cristina Fasolato, Micaela Zonta
Summary: This study reveals that decreased calcium activity in astrocytes is associated with memory loss in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Overexpression of STIM1 can restore calcium signaling and synaptic plasticity in astrocytes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jhinuk Saha, Dexter N. Dean, Shailendra Dhakal, Kelli A. Stockmal, Sarah E. Morgan, Kristy D. Dillon, Munir F. Adamo, Yona Levites, Vijayaraghavan Rangachari
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting cognition and memory, with recent studies showing a correlation between the characteristics of Aβ42 oligomers and their effects in transgenic AD mice, with GM1Os displaying higher toxicity. These findings help to understand how oligomer conformers could elicit AD phenotypes.
Review
Cell Biology
Mohamad Anuar Ahad, Nelson Jeng-Yeou Chear, Lim Gin Keat, Ahmad Tarmizi Che Has, Vikneswaran Murugaiyah, Zurina Hassan
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of Clitoria ternatea root bioactive fraction (CTRF) in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). Results showed that CTRF, containing clitorienolactones A (CLA), significantly improved cognitive deficits and reversed the inhibition of neuroplasticity caused by CCH. Additionally, CTRF and CLA had a positive effect on the levels of amyloid-beta plaque and neurotransmitters.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bin Liu, Guifeng Zhao, Ling Jin, Jingping Shi
Summary: The study showed that Nicotinamide (NAM) can improve cognitive function in mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) and reduce white matter damage and remodeling. Results from various cognitive and behavioral tests demonstrated that mice in the NAM group performed better than those in the CCH group.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abu Zaffar Shibly, Abdullah Md. Sheikh, Makoto Michikawa, Shatera Tabassum, Abul Kalam Azad, Xiaojing Zhou, Yuchi Zhang, Shozo Yano, Atsushi Nagai
Summary: Amyloid beta (A beta) peptide is deposited in the brains of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to impaired vessel-dependent clearance. Time-dependent cerebrovascular changes were found in AD model mice, with A beta appearing in vessels from 3 months and vessel density decreasing at 9 months in J20 mice. Decreased claudin-5 and increased VEGF expression were observed throughout the study.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Li Wang, Kilho Eom, Taeyun Kwon
Summary: The study found that in the initial stage of aggregation process for both Aβ40 and Aβ42, multiple particles are formed which later self-assemble to form amyloid fibrils of different shapes. Different aggregation pathways of Aβ isoforms lead to amyloid fibrils with contrasting structures.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Carrero, Desiree Antequera, Ignacio Alcalde, Diego Megias, Lara Ordonez-Gutierrez, Cristina Gutierrez, Jesus Merayo-Lloves, Francisco Wandosell, Cristina Municio, Eva Carro
Summary: Alzheimer's disease, characterized by disrupted circadian rhythm and retinal pathology, is more prevalent in female individuals. The study found severe circadian rhythm disturbances and retinal pathological hallmarks in female APP/PS1 mice, along with A beta deposits in retinal layers. Reduced expression of aquaporins in the retinal tissue suggests that abnormal A beta transport contributes to retinal degeneration in the early stages of AD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hanhai Zeng, Xiongjie Fu, Jing Cai, Chenjun Sun, Mengyan Yu, Yucong Peng, Jianfeng Zhuang, Jingyin Chen, Huaijun Chen, Qian Yu, Chaoran Xu, Hang Zhou, Yang Cao, Libin Hu, Jianru Li, Shenglong Cao, Chi Gu, Feng Yan, Gao Chen
Summary: Neuroinflammation in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is closely associated with poor prognosis, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a key role in promoting inflammation. Inhibiting NET formation can attenuate the damage caused by neuroinflammation after SAH.
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Harald Hampel, Leslie M. Shaw, Paul Aisen, Christopher Chen, Alberto Lleo, Takeshi Iwatsubo, Atsushi Iwata, Masahito Yamada, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Jianping Jia, Huali Wang, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Elaine Peskind, Kaj Blennow, Jeffrey Cummings, Andrea Vergallo
Summary: The article discusses the necessity and inconsistency of lumbar puncture in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, highlighting the importance of lumbar puncture in early diagnosis and treatment.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zhibin Wang, Wei Zhu, Yi Xing, Jianping Jia, Yi Tang
Summary: This meta-analysis suggests that B vitamin supplementation is associated with slowing of cognitive decline, especially in populations who received early intervention and intervention of long duration; the study also indicates that higher intake of dietary folate, but not B12 or B6, is associated with a reduced risk of incident dementia in non-dementia aged population.
Correction
Clinical Neurology
Xiongjie Fu, Hanhai Zeng, Jikuang Zhao, Guoyang Zhou, Hang Zhou, Jianfeng Zhuang, Chaoran Xu, Jianru Li, Yucong Peng, Yang Cao, Yin Li, Huaijun Chen, Lin Wang, Feng Yan, Gao Chen
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Harald Hampel, Aya Elhage, Leslie M. Shaw, Paul Aisen, Christopher Chen, Alberto Lleo, Takeshi Iwatsubo, Atsushi Iwata, Masahito Yamada, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Jianping Jia, Huali Wang, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Elaine Peskind, Kaj Blennow, Jeffrey Cummings, Andrea Vergallo
Summary: This article is a summary of the safe use of lumbar puncture in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia. Despite the low risk of complications, there may be reluctance among physicians and patients to recommend or undergo this procedure. Patient education, specialist training, and new methods for patient safety are important factors in supporting the widespread use of lumbar puncture in Alzheimer's disease.
NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang Song, Meina Quan, Tingting Li, Jianping Jia
Summary: This study investigates the changes of homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate levels in different subtypes of dementia and their associations with cognitive function and MRI markers. The results show that elevated homocysteine levels and lower vitamin B12 levels are associated with various types of dementia. Homocysteine levels are correlated with temporal lobe atrophy in Alzheimer's disease, while vitamin B12 levels are associated with general cognition in vascular dementia. Hyperhomocysteinemia may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and frontotemporal dementia.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jianping Jia, Yue Zhang, Yuqing Shi, Xuping Yin, Shiyuan Wang, Yan Li, Tan Zhao, Wenying Liu, Aihong Zhou, Longfei Jia
Summary: In this report, a case of a 19-year-old male with gradual memory decline for 2 years and characteristic neuroimaging and biomarker findings for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is presented. Despite the young age of the patient, the clinical presentation and diagnostic tests confirmed a probable diagnosis of AD.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jianping Jia, Tan Zhao, Zhaojun Liu, Yumei Liang, Fangyu Li, Yan Li, Wenying Liu, Fang Li, Shengliang Shi, Chunkui Zhou, Heyun Yang, Zhengluan Liao, Yang Li, Huiying Zhao, Jintao Zhang, Kunnan Zhang, Minchen Kan, Shanshan Yang, Hao Li, Zhongling Liu, Rong Ma, Jihui Lv, Yue Wang, Xin Yan, Furu Liang, Xiaoling Yuan, Jinbiao Zhang, Serge Gauthier, Jeffrey Cummings
Summary: This study aimed to identify an optimal lifestyle profile for protecting older individuals from memory loss. The findings revealed that a healthy lifestyle is associated with slower memory decline, even in the presence of the APOE epsilon 4 allele. This study offers important information to protect older adults against memory decline.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Qi Qin, Junda Qu, Yunsi Yin, Ying Liang, Yan Wang, Bingxin Xie, Qingqing Liu, Xuan Wang, Xinyi Xia, Meng Wang, Xu Zhang, Jianping Jia, Yi Xing, Chunlin Li, Yi Tang
Summary: An unsupervised machine learning model was developed to predict the risk of progression from subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD) to subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (SVCI). The model achieved high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity and can be applied to other cohorts and clinical practice.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ling-Zhi Xu, Bing-Qiu Li, Fang-Yu Li, Mei-Na Quan, Wei Qin, Ying Li, Wen-Wen Li, Yu Zhao, Yi-Ping Wei, Jian-Ping Jia
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between plasma Wnt2b levels and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and found that Wnt2b decline is associated with cognitive impairment in AD. Upregulation of Wnt2b can effectively prevent downregulation of canonical Wnt signaling, mitochondrial dysfunction, intracellular calcium overload, and neuronal damage in AD.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yue Zhang, Jianping Jia
Summary: In this study, betaine was found to inhibit AβO-induced neuroinflammation in microglia by suppressing the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB, suggesting its potential as an effective modulator for AD.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Meina Quan, Qi Wang, Wei Qin, Wei Wang, Fangyu Li, Tan Zhao, Tingting Li, Qiongqiong Qiu, Shuman Cao, Shiyuan Wang, Yan Wang, Hongmei Jin, Aihong Zhou, Jiliang Fang, Longfei Jia, Jianping Jia
Summary: This study investigated the effects of APOE epsilon 4 and known pathogenic gene mutation on cognitive domains and circuit imaging markers in preclinical familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD). Neuropsychological tests and MRI scanning were conducted on 139 asymptomatic subjects, revealing changes in hippocampal volume, functional connectivity, and diffusion indices in the genetic groups compared to controls. These findings contribute to the early identification and development of preventive strategies for Alzheimer's disease.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yan Wang, Ying Li, Yan Li, Tingting Li, Qi Wang, Qigeng Wang, Shuman Cao, Fangyu Li, Jianping Jia
Summary: This study selected four potential biomarkers and measured their plasma levels in patients with Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment, developing a composite panel for screening and diagnosing these two conditions.
BIOMARKER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wenwen Li, Yana Pang, Yan Wang, Fan Mei, Mengmeng Guo, Yiping Wei, Xinyue Li, Wei Qin, Wei Wang, Longfei Jia, Jianping Jia
Summary: This study identified a novel Chinese familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) causal gene mutation, ZDHHC21 p.T209S, which leads to aberrant protein palmitoylation and contributes to the pathogenesis of AD. These findings provide new insights for further investigation and development of therapeutic interventions.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Meina Quan, Xuechu Wang, Min Gong, Qi Wang, Yan Li, Jianping Jia
Summary: PCCD is a condition in which patients with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection develop cognitive impairment in various domains. Understanding the risk factors and management strategies of PCCD is important for disease management. This paper reviews epidemiology, diagnostic markers, risk factors, and available treatments for PCCD.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2023)
