Implication of the Significance of Dietary Compatibility: Based on the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Interactions with Different Ratios of Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Antioxidants among Four Daily Agricultural Crops

The hydrophilic extracts of eggplant peel (HEEP) and purple sweet potato (HEPP) and lipophilic extracts of tomato (LET) and carrot (LEC) were mixed in different ratios to assess the significance of the compatibility of aliments, based on their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory interactions in H9c2 cells. The results indicated that groups of some combinational extracts (HEPP-HEEP F1/10, LEC-HEEP F3/10, LEC-HEPP F3/10) showed stronger synergistic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects than individual groups. For example, the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity of the LEC-HEEP (F3/10) group (86.71 +/- 1.88) was higher than that in the HEEP (79.97 +/- 1.68) and LEC (77.31 +/- 1.85) groups. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was 30.37 +/- 0.25 in the LEC-HEEP (F3/10) group while the levels were 34.34 +/- 0.36 and 46.23 +/- 0.51 in the HEEP and LEC groups, respectively. And the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was 1.82 +/- 0.24 in the LEC-HEEP (F3/10) group while the levels were 2.48 +/- 0.13 and 3.01 +/- 0.24 in the HEEP and LEC groups, respectively. The expressions of inflammatory mediators (IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8) and cell adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1) showed similar tendencies. However, some groups (LET-LEC F5/10, LET-LEC F9/10, LET-HEPP F7/10) showed antagonistic effects based on these indicators. The principal component analysis showed that samples could be defined by two principal components: PC1, the main phenolic acids and flavonoids; PC2, carotenoids. Moreover, phenolics and anthoyanins were in the majority in synergistic groups, and carotenoids were in the majority in antagonistic groups. These results indicated that there exist synergistic or antagonistic interactions of aliments on antioxidation and anti-inflammation, which implied the significance of food compatibility.