Article
Neurosciences
Paul A. Thompson, Kate E. Watkins, Zoe V. J. Woodhead, Dorothy V. M. Bishop
Summary: This study investigates how to align the analysis of brain lateralization using fTCD data with the statistical methods commonly used in fMRI. The results show that using complex GAM method has the lowest measurement error and can more accurately identify cases of bilateral language. Additionally, the GAM-based approach can efficiently analyze more complex designs that include interactions between tasks.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
K. C. Nishan, Bijaya Neupane, Bibek Belbase, Bijaya Dhami, Bhuwan Singh Bist, Chitra Rekha Basyal, Santosh Bhattarai
Summary: This study investigated the ecological factors influencing the habitat selection of muggers in the Rapti River and identified the main conservation threats. The results showed that river bank slope was a significant factor influencing the distribution of muggers, and anthropogenic activities such as fishing and river material extraction were the most prevalent conservation threats.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Saurav Lamichhane, Divya Bhattarai, Jhamak Bahadur Karki, Ambika Prasad Gautam, Pratik Pandeya, Shankar Tirpathi, Niraj Mahat
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the population status, habitat occupancy, and conservation threats of the Mugger crocodile in the Ghodaghodi lake complex in Nepal. The survey revealed that human disturbances, habitat modification, and illegal fishing were the most severe threats to the Mugger crocodile in the area. The authorities responsible for managing the lake complex should take action to control these threats and support the future conservation of this vulnerable species.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eduardo Laguna, Jose A. Barasona, Joaquin Vicente, Oliver Keuling, Pelayo Acevedo
Summary: The study highlights the impact of sex and land use on the spatial ecology and habitat selection of adult wild boar in the Mediterranean region. Male wild boar exhibited higher activity levels and larger daily range in mixed farms compared to fenced hunting estates, with lower values observed in protected areas.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Minjie Wang, Genevera Allen
Summary: The study introduces a method for integrating multiple feature sets using a convex formalization which achieves strong empirical performance and effectively addresses the clustering issues in multi-view data sets. An adaptive feature selection method is proposed as well. Experimental results and real data examples show superior empirical performance of the approach in high-dimensional mixed multi-view data sets.
JOURNAL OF MACHINE LEARNING RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Chenguang Dai, Buyu Lin, Xin Xing, Jun S. Liu
Summary: The Generalized Linear Model (GLM) is widely used in modeling non-Gaussian data. This article presents a framework for feature selection in GLM that can control the False Discovery Rate (FDR) effectively. The method constructs a mirror statistic based on data perturbation to measure feature importance and achieves FDR control by exploiting the symmetry property of the mirror statistic. The proposed methodology is scale-free and demonstrates superior performance compared to existing methods in controlling FDR.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Riccardo (Jack) Lucchetti, Luca Pedini
Summary: This paper describes the gretl function package ParMA, which provides Bayesian model averaging (BMA) in generalized linear models. It introduces the reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo technique as a flexible tool to model various specifications and emphasizes computational aspects such as automation of model building and parallelization of the sampling scheme.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL SOFTWARE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Steve Stewart-Williams, Xiu Ling Wong, Chern Yi Marybeth Chang, Andrew G. Thomas
Summary: This study replicated a previous study on how people react to research on sex differences, depending on whether the research benefits men or women. The results showed that both men and women reacted less positively to sex differences that favor men. Belief in male privilege and left-leaning political orientation predicted less positive reactions to male-favoring sex differences. Participants also made predictions about how the average man and woman would react, and they exaggerated the own-sex favoritism of women and predicted strong own-sex favoritism from men, when in reality men showed modest other-sex favoritism. Understanding people's tendency to exaggerate own-sex bias can help reduce conflict between the sexes.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Zongpeng Zhai, Yongbo Guo, Shaoliang Zhang, Yuanchang Li, Hongyou Liu
Summary: This study explores the differences in technical performances of players in different playing positions in international competitions, revealing the strengths and weaknesses of players in scoring and rebounding. The findings can help coaches and players develop more targeted training plans and game strategies.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yusuke Saigusa, Shinto Eguchi, Osamu Komori
Summary: The generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) is a common method for analyzing longitudinal and clustered data in biological sciences. However, issues of model complexity and misspecification can arise. This paper extends the standard GLMM to a nonlinear mixed-effects model based on quasi-linear modeling, providing an estimation algorithm and a conditional AIC for the proposed model. Performance under model misspecification is evaluated in simulation studies, and the proposed model is shown to capture heterogeneity in respiratory illness data.
STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tetsuya Akaishi, Tadashi Ishii, Masashi Aoki, Ichiro Nakashima
Summary: Calculating the annualized relapse rate and its confidence interval is crucial in clinical studies for evaluating chronic relapsing diseases. This requires careful application of statistical approaches, familiarity with exponential family of distributions, and understanding of F-statistics. The person-years method and Poisson distribution can be used when relapse rate is constant, while generalized linear regression models are used for adjusted ARR and overdispersed data.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Andres Hagmayer, Andrew Furness, Bart J. A. Pollux
Summary: Our study found that fish species with placentation and superfetation adaptations tend to prefer deeper and faster-flowing parts of the river, while those lacking these adaptations are confined to shallow slow-flowing areas, suggesting that these reproductive features may explain ontogenetic and diurnal microhabitat preferences among sympatric live-bearing fish species.
FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Bin Gu, Charles X. Ling
Summary: Model selection with cross validation is popular in machine learning, but traditional search strategies may not guarantee to find the model with minimum CV error. This paper introduces a new generalized error path algorithm (GEP) which can find the optimal model in a finite number of steps.
PATTERN RECOGNITION
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Fang Wang, U-Chong Lao, Yi-Pei Xing, Ping Zhou, Wen-Lin Deng, Yu Wang, Yue Ji, Miao-Ying Chen, Hai Li, Xiao-Bing Zou
Summary: This study investigated the knowledge level of Chinese parents regarding autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and related factors. The results showed that older paternal age and a longer time interval from diagnosis to enrolling in parent training programs were associated with lower knowledge scores, while higher maternal education attainment, higher family income, child currently under intervention, and family members sharing a common perception of the diagnosis were associated with higher knowledge scores. Reading autism-related books or attending professional lectures also contributed to higher knowledge scores.
TRANSLATIONAL PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Lingling Fang, Lirong Zhang, Yibo Yao
Summary: The study aims to propose an algorithm for accurately segmenting lesions from the background of ultrasound images, effectively overcoming the impact of poor image quality by integrating probabilistic model and energy function, and improving segmentation accuracy.
MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
A. P. Calderon, J. Louvrier, A. Planillo, D. Araya-Gamboa, S. Arroyo-Arce, M. Barrantes-Nunez, J. Carazo-Salazar, D. Corrales-Gutierrez, C. P. Doncaster, R. Foster, M. J. Garcia, R. Garcia-Anleu, B. Harmsen, S. Hernandez-Potosme, R. Leonardo, D. M. Trigueros, R. McNab, N. Meyer, R. Moreno, R. Salom-Perez, A. Sauma Rossi, I Thomson, D. Thornton, Y. Urbina, V Grimm, S. Kramer-Schadt
Summary: Understanding the relationship between species and the environment is crucial for prioritizing conservation areas and maintaining landscape connectivity for large carnivores. This study used an occupancy model to investigate the habitat use of jaguars in Central America and found that human influence has the strongest impact on their habitat use. Jaguar Conservation Units were identified as the main reservoirs of suitable habitat. Therefore, conservation efforts should focus on preventing habitat loss and mitigating human pressure, particularly in areas of high suitability, to ensure the long-term persistence of jaguars in the region.
ANIMAL CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Christine Reusch, Maja Lozar, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt, Christian C. Voigt
Summary: The production of wind energy along coastlines may conflict with the conservation of wildlife habitats. This study investigated the spatial interactions between common noctule bats and coastal wind turbines in Northern Germany. The results showed that bats preferred areas with high levels of impervious surface, such as farmhouses, and were more present near wind turbines adjacent to paths and waterbodies. However, the majority of bats avoided wind turbines, indicating a potential loss of foraging habitat.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Jonas Stiegler, Alisa Lins, Melanie Dammhahn, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt, Sylvia Ortmann, Niels Blaum
Summary: This study examines the relationship between boldness and behavioral patterns in European hares. The results showed that bold individuals had higher overall activity levels and occupied larger home ranges but smaller core areas compared to shy individuals. The use of accelerometers provided a valuable tool for measuring animal personality remotely.
Article
Ecology
Robert Hering, Morgan Hauptfleisch, Mark Jago, Taylor Smith, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt, Jonas Stiegler, Niels Blaum
Summary: In semi-arid environments, migratory movements are crucial for large herbivores to track scattered resources. Veterinary Cordon Fences (VCFs) have limited the movements of large wild mammals for over 60 years, and this study aims to understand the interactions between wildlife and fences, as well as the direct effects of fences on energy expenditure.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Marius Grabow, Julie L. P. Louvrier, Aimara Planillo, Sarah Kiefer, Sinah Drenske, Konstantin Boerner, Milena Stillfried, Robert Hagen, Sophia Kimmig, Tanja M. Straka, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt
Summary: The increasing urbanization and habitat fragmentation call for a better understanding of species' habitat requirements and distribution. Species distribution models (SDMs) can help predict habitat suitability, but multiple data sets need to be considered to improve their accuracy. This study investigates the use of data integration techniques to model potential habitat and movement corridors for red squirrels in urban areas, and highlights the importance of considering multiple data sets for more accurate predictions.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Review
Biology
Francesca Festa, Leonardo Ancillotto, Luca Santini, Michela Pacifici, Ricardo Rocha, Nia Toshkova, Francisco Amorim, Ana Benitez-Lopez, Adi Domer, Daniela Hamidovic, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt, Fiona Mathews, Viktoriia Radchuk, Hugo Rebelo, Ireneusz Ruczynski, Estelle Solem, Asaf Tsoar, Danilo Russo, Orly Razgour
Summary: Understanding how species respond to climate change is crucial, and bats are particularly sensitive to climate change due to their biology. However, research on bat responses to climate change is geographically biased and lacking in empirical studies. Range shifts and changes in species diversity are the most commonly reported responses, but the outcomes vary among different bat families. More empirical studies and standardized study designs are needed to have a comprehensive understanding of bat responses to climate change.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Seth T. Wong, Roshan Guharajan, Azrie Petrus, Jaffly Jubili, Robin Lietz, Jesse F. Abrams, Jason Hon, Lukmann H. Alen, Nicholas T. K. Ting, George T. N. Wong, Ling T. Tchin, Nelson J. C. Bijack, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt, Andreas Wilting, Rahel Sollmann
Summary: This study surveyed the terrestrial wildlife community in two mixed-landuse forest management areas in Sarawak, Malaysia Borneo. It found that while plantations have a negative effect on biodiversity, small-scale Acacia plantations embedded in natural forests can retain terrestrial wildlife while providing an alternate source of timber.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Anton Vlaschenko, Kseniia Kravchenko, Yehor Yatsiuk, Vitalii Hukov, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt, Viktoriia Radchuk
Summary: The Eastern European broadleaved forests north of the 50th degree of latitude are crucial breeding areas for migratory bat species in Eastern and Central Europe. The combination of mature forests and water sources plays a significant role in shaping the forest bat assemblages in Eastern Europe.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christine Reusch, Ana Ailin Paul, Marcus Fritze, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt, Christian C. Voigt
Summary: Many countries are investing heavily in wind power generation, leading to increased installation of wind energy facilities in forests, despite the importance of forests in protecting biodiversity. This poses a challenge for bats, as many bat species that are at risk of collision with wind turbines roost in trees. The study used GPS units to understand the response of European common noctule bats to wind turbines in forests and found that the bats were particularly active near turbines close to their roosts, highlighting the need for measures to reduce collision risk. The study also emphasized the importance of compensating for habitat loss by developing refugia for bats in the forest.
Article
Biology
Sophie Lokatis, Jonathan M. Jeschke, Maud Bernard-Verdier, Sascha Buchholz, Hans-Peter Grossart, Frank Havemann, Franz Hoelker, Yuval Itescu, Ingo Kowarik, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt, Daniel Mietchen, Camille L. Musseau, Aimara Planillo, Conrad Schittko, Tanja M. Straka, Tina Heger
Summary: Urban ecology is growing rapidly as a research field and must address the urgent need for sustainability. Synthesizing research and transferring knowledge between different stakeholders is crucial. Through a hypothesis network, we have identified and linked 62 research hypotheses in urban ecology. This network clusters hypotheses into four themes and serves as a first step towards a knowledge base for urban ecology.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Julian Oeser, Marco Heurich, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt, Henrik Andren, Guna Bagrade, Elisa Belotti, Ludek Bufka, Christine Breitenmoser-Wursten, Rok Cerne, Martin Dul'a, Christian Fuxjager, Tomislav Gomercic, Wlodzimierz Jedrzejewski, Raido Kont, Petr Koubek, Rafal Kowalczyk, Miha Krofel, Jarmila Krojerova-Prokesova, Jakub Kubala, Josip Kusak, Miroslav Kutal, John D. C. Linnell, Jenny Mattisson, Anja Molinari-Jobin, Peep Mannil, John Odden, Henryk Okarma, Teresa Oliveira, Nives Pagon, Jens Persson, Jaanus Remm, Krzysztof Schmidt, Sven Signer, Branislav Tam, Kristina Vogt, Fridolin Zimmermann, Tobias Kuemmerle
Summary: Adjustments in habitat use by large carnivores in response to human pressure and landscape composition are crucial for their coexistence with humans. This study focuses on Eurasian lynx and reveals their adaptive capacity towards human pressure and the importance of refuge habitats in enabling coexistence. The findings highlight the role of landscape composition in shaping large carnivore habitat use and distributions.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Sinah Drenske, Viktoriia Radchuk, Cedric Scherer, Corinna Esterer, Ingo Kowarik, Johannes Fritz, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt
Summary: The northern bald ibis population has been successfully reintroduced in Central Europe, with high survival and reproduction rates. However, further translocations and measures are needed to ensure their long-term viability.
Article
Ecology
Wiebke Ullmann, Christina Fischer, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt, Karin Pirhofer Walzl, Jana A. Eccard, Jan Philipp Wevers, Angelique Hardert, Katharina Sliwinski, Michael S. Crawford, Michael Glemnitz, Niels Blaum
Summary: The study demonstrates how landscape composition and configuration, along with seasonal dynamics, influence animal behavior, especially during the breeding season and winter.
Review
Ecology
Stefano Palmero, Joe Premier, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt, Pedro Monterroso, Marco Heurich
Summary: Robust monitoring is crucial for successful conservation planning, especially for elusive and low-density species like felids. This study examined the impact of sampling designs on the precision of population density estimates for territorial felids. Analysis of 137 camera-trapping and spatial capture-recapture studies revealed that the number of individuals captured, recapture frequency, and capture probability are the most important variables affecting precision. Guidelines for future studies and a reporting protocol were provided to improve the reproducibility and comparability of spatial capture-recapture research.
Article
Ecology
Badru Mugerwa, Juergen Niedballa, Aimara Planillo, Douglas Sheil, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt, Andreas Wilting
Summary: Quantifying and monitoring the risk of defaunation and extinction requires assessing and monitoring biodiversity in impacted regions. Camera trap research on terrestrial mammals over the last two decades has not targeted areas with high defaunation risk, indicating a need for more research in these regions.
REMOTE SENSING IN ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)