Article
Physiology
Xiaodong Wang, Liqiu Zhao
Summary: This study compared cardiorespiratory fitness, bio-motor abilities, and body composition indexes of sprint kayakers categorized into three different age groups and two expertise levels. The findings suggest that cardiorespiratory fitness (particularly ventilatory threshold), body composition, and muscle strength/power are the best differentiating factors for sprint kayakers of different ages and expertise levels.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lukas Cipryan, Tomas Dostal, Martina Litschmannova, Peter Hofmann, Philip B. Maffetone, Paul B. Laursen
Summary: The study showed that a very low-carbohydrate high-fat diet, whether used alone or in combination with high-intensity interval training, significantly reduced visceral adipose tissue mass and improved body composition. In contrast, high-intensity interval training alone did not have similar effects on body composition, but it did improve exercise capacity.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Jia Guo, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Leigh Blizzard, Michael D. Schmidt, Terence Dwyer, Alison J. Venn, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: There is a correlation between childhood and adulthood cardiorespiratory fitness.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Charlie Nezondet, Joseph Gandrieau, Philippe Nguyen, Gautier Zunquin
Summary: This study investigates the relationships between Physical Literacy (PL), body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and physical activity levels in French secondary school students. The results show significant associations between PL and percentage of Fat Mass (%FM), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), Skeletal Muscle Mass (%SMM), and cardiorespiratory fitness. Developing PL in physical activity programs could be beneficial for improving students' activity levels, reducing adiposity, and promoting long-term health.
Article
Physiology
Ainhoa Arana Echarri, Lauren Struszczak, Mark Beresford, John P. P. Campbell, Robert H. H. Jones, Dylan Thompson, James E. E. Turner
Summary: This study compared the immune cell profiles between healthy women and breast cancer survivors and investigated the influence of age, cytomegalovirus infection, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body composition on these differences. The results showed that breast cancer survivors had higher levels of CD4+ CM cells, lower levels of CD8+ NA cells, higher proportions of activated cells, and higher counts of immature B cells, NK cells, and CD16+ NK effector cells. Additionally, age, CMV serostatus, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body composition had divergent effects on the differences in immune cell profiles between groups.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marcyo Camara, Kenio C. Lima, Yuri A. Freire, Gabriel C. Souto, Geovani A. D. Macedo, Raissa de M. Silva, Ludmila L. P. Cabral, Rodrigo A. V. Browne, Telma M. A. M. Lemos, Debra L. Waters, Edgar R. Vieira, Todd M. Manini, Eduardo Caldas Costa
Summary: This study investigated the associations between low cardiorespiratory fitness, lower-limb muscle strength, and cardiometabolic risk in older adults. The results showed that low cardiorespiratory fitness alone, or in combination with low lower-limb muscle strength, was associated with a higher risk of cardiometabolic problems. However, low lower-limb muscle strength alone was not associated with an increased risk.
Article
Physiology
Mauricio Medeiros Lemos, Gustavo Rocha Cavalini, Carlos Renato Pugliese Henrique, Victor Augusto Santos Perli, Gloria de Moraes Marchiori, Luciana Lozza de Moraes Marchiori, Ana Flavia Sordi, Solange Marta Franzoi de Moraes, Solange de Paula Ramos, Pablo Valdes-Badilla, Jorge Mota, Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco
Summary: The present study evaluated the body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness of overweight or obese people after COVID-19. The study found that hospitalized individuals had higher fat mass and body fat percentage, as well as lower heart rate and peak oxygen consumption. Non-hospitalized individuals had higher peripheral oxygen saturation, while hospitalized individuals had higher diastolic blood pressure. Therefore, cardiopulmonary rehabilitation is necessary for COVID-19 survivors to improve their physical fitness.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Haritz Arrieta, Chloe Rezola-Pardo, Javier Gil, Maider Kortajarena, Idoia Zarrazquin, Inaki Echeverria, Itxaso Mugica, Marta Limousin, Ana Rodriguez-Larrad, Jon Irazusta
Summary: This study examined the effects of an individualized and progressive multicomponent exercise program on the cardiovascular fitness, blood pressure, and body composition of long-term care residents. The findings suggest that this exercise program can effectively prevent declines in cardiovascular fitness among older adults in long-term care settings.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Matthew Nayor, Priya Gajjar, Patricia Miller, Venkatesh L. Murthy, Ravi V. Shah, Nicholas E. Houstis, Raghava S. Velagaleti, Martin G. Larson, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Gregory D. Lewis, Gary F. Mitchell
Summary: This study aimed to investigate how arterial stiffening affects cardiorespiratory fitness in community-dwelling individuals. The study found that increased arterial stiffness is associated with decreased peak oxygen uptake, regardless of age, gender, and cardiovascular risk profile. However, this association is attenuated in individuals with obesity. Additionally, arterial stiffness is also related to adverse oxygen kinetics and lower stroke volume and peripheral oxygen extraction, but not to ventilatory efficiency, a prognostic measure of right ventricular-pulmonary vascular performance.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Eric Tsz-Chun Poon, Waris Wongpipit, Robin Sze-Tak Ho, Stephen Heung-Sang Wong
Summary: This study demonstrated the effectiveness of interval training compared to moderate-intensity continuous training for improving cardiorespiratory fitness in middle-aged and older adults. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and sprint interval training (SIT) were found to be more effective in increasing VO2max compared to MICT.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Tatsuya T. Shigeta, Angus A. Leahy, Jordan J. Smith, Narelle Eather, David R. Lubans, Charles H. Hillman
Summary: The study indicated that cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is more closely related to cognitive control in older adolescents, contributing to better performance in tasks requiring more inhibition and working memory.
JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jairo Azocar-Gallardo, Alex Ojeda-Aravena, Eduardo Baez-San Martin, Victor Campos-Uribe, Luis Gonzalez-Rojas, Maria A. Castillo Cerda, Jose Manuel Garcia-Garcia
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of body composition on cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic markers. The results showed that higher fat-free mass and lower body mass index were positively related to better cardiorespiratory fitness, regardless of insulin resistance status.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ravi Shah, Patricia Miller, Laura A. Colangelo, Ariel Chernofsky, Nicholas E. Houstis, Rajeev Malhotra, Raghava S. Velagaleti, David R. Jacobs, Kelley Pettee Gabriel, Jared P. Reis, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Clary B. Clish, Martin G. Larson, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Venkatesh L. Murthy, Gregory D. Lewis, Matthew Nayor
Summary: This study aimed to develop a blood-based biomarker for cardiorespiratory fitness and explore its application in predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. The researchers found that this blood biomarker had a high correlation with cardiorespiratory fitness and could predict the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in young adults.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Goretti Espana-Irla, Joyce Gomes-Osman, Gabriele Cattaneo, Sergiu Albu, Maria Cabello-Toscano, Javier Solana-Sanchez, Maria Redondo-Camos, Selma Delgado-Gallen, Vanessa Alviarez-Schulze, Catherine Pachon-Garcia, Josep M. Tormos, David Bartres-Faz, Timothy P. Morris, Alvaro Pascual-Leone
Summary: The study found differential associations among cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular risk, cognition, and cortical thickness in middle-aged adults. Higher cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with better cognitive functions, while cardiovascular risk was negatively associated with cognitive abilities. The relationships between modifiable cardiovascular factors and cognition were mediated by brain structure, highlighting the importance of maintaining cardiovascular health for cognitive function in midlife.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Filip Kuki, Katie M. Heinrich, Nenad Koropanovski, Gianpiero Greco, Stefania Cataldi, Milivoj Dopsaj
Summary: This study compared the body composition and volume of leisure time physical activity (V-LTPA) of female police officers from different police occupations. The results showed significant differences in body composition between communal police and general police. Age groups also exhibited significant differences in body composition and V-LTPA, with younger officers having better body composition and higher V-LTPA. However, when officers from different occupations were compared within the same age group, the differences in body composition were no longer significant.
Article
Sport Sciences
Andrea Mendez-Gutierrez, Concepcion M. Aguilera, Francisco J. Osuna-Prieto, Borja Martinez-Tellez, Ma Cruz Rico Prados, Francisco M. Acosta, Jose M. Llamas-Elvira, Jonatan R. Ruiz, Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
Summary: This study analyzed the acute and chronic effects of exercise on the circulating concentrations of exerkines in humans. The results showed that acute endurance exercise releases exerkines that regulate BAT metabolism and WAT browning, while low-intensity resistance exercise and long-term training programs did not significantly alter plasma levels of these molecules.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Lidia Robles-Gonzalez, Millan Aguilar-Navarro, Alvaro Lopez-Samanes, Carlos Ruiz-Moreno, Alejandro Munoz, David Varillas-Delgado, Jorge Gutierrez-Hellin, Jorn W. Helge, Jonatan R. Ruiz, Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete
Summary: This study found that maximal fat oxidation and the intensity that elicits it remain consistent throughout the day in healthy women, regardless of the time of exercise testing. These results have clinical relevance in understanding the differences between men and women in terms of fat oxidation during exercise.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Juan M. A. Alcantara, Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado, Lucas Jurado-Fasoli, Jose E. Galgani, Idoia Labayen, Jonatan R. Ruiz
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the day-to-day reproducibility of energy expenditure and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) in response to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and investigate the effect of a simulation-based postcalorimetric correction on day-to-day reproducibility. The results showed that while the RER and EE had good reproducibility in different periods, the reproducibility of the areas under the curve for RER and EE were relatively low. Furthermore, the postcalorimetric correction procedure did not improve day-to-day reproducibility.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Andrew O. Agbaje, Samuel Barmi, Kate M. Sansum, Tracy Baynard, Alan R. Barker, Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
Summary: This study found temporal longitudinal associations between arterial stiffness in adolescence and the risk of elevated resting heart rate (RHR) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Arterial stiffness appears to precede higher RHR in young adulthood, while elevated hsCRP in adolescence preceded arterial stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in early adulthood.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Diego F. Salazar-Tortosa, Idoia Labayen, Marcela Gonzalez-Gross, Miguel Seral-Cortes, Luis A. Moreno, Augusto G. Zapico, Kurt Widhalm, Aline Meirhaeghe, David Enard, Jonatan R. Ruiz
Summary: This study investigates the association between PTPN1 gene polymorphisms and obesity-related phenotypes in European adolescents. It reveals that these polymorphisms are associated with lower adiposity levels in physically active adolescents. Meeting the recommendations of daily physical activity may therefore reduce obesity risk by modulating genetic predisposition.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda, Augusto Anguita-Ruiz, Maria C. Rico, Rosaura Leis, Gloria Bueno, Luis A. Moreno, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Angel Gil, Concepcion M. Aguilera
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum levels of the novel insulin-like adipokine isthmin-1 (ISM1) and obesity-related phenotypes in Spanish children, as well as investigate the molecular alterations behind the alteration of ISM1 levels in children with obesity. The results showed that boys with obesity had higher serum ISM1 levels compared to normal weight and overweight boys. ISM1 levels were positively associated with BMI Z-score and fat mass in boys, and negatively associated with myeloperoxidase (MPO). Although no associations were found in girls, fat mass was positively associated with ISM1 levels in all children. DNA methylation levels of two CpG sites in ISM1 were associated with serum levels of ISM1 in children. In conclusion, ISM1 is associated with obesity in boys during puberty and may serve as a biomarker of obesity in children.
WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maria Luisa Miguel-Berges, Marta Fajo-Pascual, Luis A. Moreno, Marimar Campo, Ana Guerrero, Jose Luis Olleta, Pilar Santolaria Blasco, Alba M. Santaliestra-Pasias
Summary: A randomized crossover study was conducted in three University accommodation halls to investigate the impact of different diets on dietary quality. The study found that the inclusion of beef or chicken in the participants' diets did not significantly affect the overall quality of their diets. However, when analyzing the first period alone, it was observed that participants who received the beef diet showed a significant decrease in fruit and vegetable consumption, while those on the chicken diet significantly reduced their consumption of fish and eggs. Additionally, the chicken diet also had a negative effect on the overall diet quality.
Article
Anthropology
Gines Navarro-Lomas, Abel Plaza-Florido, Alejandro De-la-O, Manuel J. Castillo, Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete
Summary: This study aimed to examine the association of cardiorespiratory fitness, fatness indicators, and the Fit-Fat Index (FFI) with heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. The results showed that FFI was significantly related to HRV parameters and had stronger associations than isolated fitness or fatness indicators. Among the different fatness indicators included in FFI, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) showed the most consistent association with HRV parameters.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Clara Homs, Paula Berruezo, Albert Arcarons, Julia Warnberg, Maddi Oses, Marcela Gonzalez-Gross, Narcis Gusi, Susana Aznar, Elena Marin-Cascales, Miguel Angel Gonzalez-Valeiro, Lluis Serra-Majem, Nicolas Terrados, Josep A. Tur, Marta Segu, Montserrat Fito, Juan Carlos Benavente-Marin, Idoia Labayen, Augusto G. Zapico, Jesus Sanchez-Gomez, Fabio Jimenez-Zazo, Pedro E. Alcaraz, Marta Sevilla-Sanchez, Estefania Herrera-Ramos, Susana Pulgar-Munoz, Cristina Bouzas, Raimon Mila, Helmut Schroder, Santiago F. Gomez
Summary: Childhood obesity is a global public health issue, and in Spain, socioeconomic status is closely associated with pediatric obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Thorsten Henning, Bastian Kochlik, Ignacio Ara, Marcela Gonzalez-Gross, Edoardo Fiorillo, Michele Marongiu, Francesco Cucca, Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo, Jose Antonio Carnicero Carreno, Leocadio Rodriguez-Manas, Tilman Grune, Daniela Weber
Summary: The study examines the influence of nutritional factors on frailty syndrome and identifies cross-sectional associations between diet-related blood biomarker patterns and frailty status. The results demonstrate that older adults with higher concentrations of total carotenoids, beta-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin are relatively robust, while those with higher lutein + zeaxanthin concentrations are more frail. These findings provide guidance for the development of future biomarker-based frailty indices.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Isaac A. Chavez-Guevara, Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete, Francisco J. Osuna-Prieto, Idoia Labayen, Concepcion M. Aguilera, Jonatan R. Ruiz
Summary: Sex differences exist in fat oxidation and adipokines levels, with women having higher levels. However, insulin resistance is similar between sexes.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Miguel Seral-Cortes, Sergio Sabroso-Lasa, Marcela Gonzalez-Gross, Carlos Quesada-Gonzalez, Peter Stehle, Frederic Gottrand, Ascension Marcos, Ligia Esperanza-Diaz, Yannis Manios, Odysseas Androutsos, Kurt Widhalm, Denes Molnar, Inge Huybrechts, Manon Muntaner, Aline Meirhaeghe, Diego R. Salazar-Tortosa, Jonatan Ruiz, Luis Mariano Esteban, Idoia A. Labayen, Luis Moreno, HELENA Study Grp
Summary: The study aimed to develop an ALT-specific genetic risk score to evaluate hepatic damage risk in European adolescents. The unweighted and weighted genetic risk scores were found to be significantly associated with ALT levels, and the predictive ability was further improved by integrating BMI as a clinical factor.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Max E. Weston, Alan R. Barker, Owen W. Tomlinson, Jeff S. Coombes, Tom G. Bailey, Bert Bond
Summary: This study aims to quantify the agreement between left and right middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv) responses to incremental and constant work-rate exercise in adults. The results showed similarities between left and right MCAv responses to incremental and constant work-rate exercise in adults on a group-level, but also highlighted individual variation in the agreement between left and right MCAv exercise responses.
PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Maria Rivera-Ochoa, Jose F. Lopez-Gil, Javier Brazo-Sayavera, Lisset Pantoja-Arevalo, Marcela Gonzalez-Gross, Barbara Vizmanos-Lamotte, Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
Summary: This study aimed to analyze clustered lifestyle patterns in Mexican adolescents and their associations with body composition. Three distinct clusters were identified: unhealthy, low physical fitness, and high physical activity and fitness. The cluster characterized by high physical activity and fitness showed lower adiposity and higher Fat Free Mass. These findings can help inform interventions to reduce excess weight in Mexican adolescents.
RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ana Moradell, Alba M. Santaliestra-Pasias, Raquel Aparicio-Ugarriza, Inge Huybrechts, Aliz Bertalanne Szommer, Maria Forsner, Marcela Gonzalez-Gross, Anthony Kafatos, Odysseas Androutsos, Nathalie Michels, Michael Sjostrom, Jeremy Vanhelst, Kurt Widhalm, Angel Gutierrez, Luis A. Moreno
Summary: This manuscript aims to assess the association between meeting or not meeting physical activity (PA) and sedentary screen time (SST) recommendations and the consumption of different food groups. The results showed that adolescents who met PA and SST recommendations had a higher intake of healthy foods, but the negative relationship between unhealthy food and SST was stronger in males regardless of PA. More studies are needed to evaluate the combined effect of PA and SST on dietary habits in children and adolescents.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION
(2023)