Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY
Volume 33, Issue 5, Pages 2254-2264Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2018.2825779
Keywords
DC grid protection; modular multilevel converter (MMC); dc fault detection; fault resistance
Categories
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Plan of China [2018YFB0900444]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51777072]
- Chinese Scholarship Council
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada
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This paper proposes a fast dc short-circuit fault detection method for HVdc grids, which relies on the voltage across the dc fault-current-limiting reactor. In the proposed approach, primary detection uses only the single-terminal dc reactor voltage information and is shown to be able to identify the faulted line as well as the faulted pole within 1 ms. The backup detection is primarily required for high resistance faults and uses communication between the two sides of the line. Its speed is dependent on the travel time of signals between the two ends, but will operate, as shown in the paper, typically in 2 ms or less. The approach is justified using analytical calculations and exhaustively validated via electromagnetic transient simulation for pole-to-pole and pole-to-ground faults, different fault resistance, fault locations, and dc reactor values. The validation shows that the method is able to identify all genuine dc line faults, but is not prone to misoperation with ac line faults, different loading levels, and so on.
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