Article
Crystallography
Stavros Tseremoglou, Christos Michail, Ioannis Valais, Konstantinos Ninos, Athanasios Bakas, Ioannis Kandarakis, George Fountos, Nektarios Kalyvas
Summary: The aim of this study is to evaluate the suitability of LaCl3:Ce crystalline scintillator for use in hybrid medical imaging systems. The crystal's efficiency, spectral compatibility, and performance were compared with other commonly used crystals. The results showed that LaCl3:Ce had higher luminescence efficiency but lower energy absorption efficiency compared to other crystals. However, its emission spectrum was compatible with various types of photomultipliers. Overall, LaCl3:Ce could be considered suitable for use in hybrid medical imaging systems.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Xin Li, Xiaodie Zhu, Haitao Tang, Jian Zhang, Min Zhou, Qingpeng Peng, Bin Meng, Shuang Wang, Alexey Nikolaevich Yakovlev, Lei Zhao, Jie Yu, Xuhui Xu
Summary: In this study, a Cu+ and Al3+ co-doped ZnS scintillator was designed for X-ray detection. The prepared scintillator showed a high steady-state light yield (53,000 photons per MeV) upon X-ray irradiation, which is 5.3 times higher than that of the commercial Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) scintillator. It was also employed as a scintillator to construct an indirect X-ray detector with superior spatial resolution and persistent stability under visible light interference.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dmitry Averyanov, Dmitry Blau
Summary: GAGG crystals, with their high radiation resistance, density, and light yield, are considered excellent candidates for ionizing-radiation detectors. When combined with PWO crystals, they can be used to develop an electromagnetic calorimeter with advanced spatial and energy resolutions in a broad energy range. The optimization of a composite electromagnetic calorimeter based on PWO and GAGG crystals, considering different lengths of the GAGG section and signal separation, is performed through Geant4 simulations.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Crystallography
Dionysios Linardatos, Christos Michail, Nektarios Kalyvas, Konstantinos Ninos, Athanasios Bakas, Ioannis Valais, George Fountos, Ioannis Kandarakis
Summary: This study examines the luminescence and scintillation properties of a rare-earth trihalide scintillator, CeBr3, as a candidate material for radiation imaging applications. The results show that CeBr3 has attractive properties, including short decay time, negligible afterglow, high stopping power, and emission spectrum compatible with several commercial optical sensors. Compared to other commonly used materials in modern medical imaging, CeBr3 exhibits superior light energy flux, absolute efficiency, and X-ray luminescence efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Stavros Tseremoglou, Christos Michail, Ioannis Valais, Konstantinos Ninos, Athanasios Bakas, Ioannis Kandarakis, George Fountos, Nektarios Kalyvas
Summary: This study investigated the response of LaBr3:Ce crystalline scintillator to X-rays at tube voltages ranging from 50 kVp to 150 kVp for potential use in hybrid medical-imaging systems. The absolute efficiency (AE) and detective quantum efficiency for zero spatial-frequency (DQE(0)) were measured for a single crystal (10 x 10 x 10 mm(3)) irradiated within the mentioned tube-voltage range. Energy-absorption efficiency (EAE), quantum-detection efficiency (QDE), and spectral compatibility with various optical photodetectors were also calculated. The results showed that LaBr3:Ce had higher AE values compared to other crystals and demonstrated excellent performance in terms of DQE(0), making it a promising option for radiation detection in hybrid medical-imaging modalities.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Marcello Campajola, Francesco Di Capua, Pierluigi Casolaro, Ettore Sarnelli, Alberto Aloisio
Summary: This paper investigates the scintillation features and radiation damage of polyethylene naphthalate scintillators irradiated with proton and electron beams. The results show that the irradiation leads to a loss of transparency and a reduction in light yield.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuangliang Cheng, Martin Nikl, Alena Beitlerova, Romana Kucerkova, Xinyuan Du, Guangda Niu, Yongchao Jia, Jiang Tang, Guohao Ren, Yuntao Wu
Summary: In this study, a highly efficient scintillator based on Tl-doped Cs3Cu2I5 crystals was developed for X-ray and gamma-ray detection. The Cs3Cu2I5:Tl demonstrated significantly enhanced steady-state scintillation yield, improved X-ray detection limit, low afterglow, remarkable energy resolution, and ultrahigh light yield under Cs-137 gamma-ray radiation.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuta Yoshikawa, Takumi Kato, Daisuke Nakauchi, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida
Summary: In this study, Tl-doped NaI transparent ceramics with different doping concentrations were synthesized and their optical and scintillation properties were investigated. The 0.1% Tl-doped NaI sample showed the best optical and scintillation performance.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ilaria Fratelli, Andrea Ciavatti, Enrico Zanazzi, Laura Basirico, Massimo Chiari, Laura Fabbri, John E. Anthony, Alberto Quaranta, Beatrice Fraboni
Summary: The study demonstrates that flexible organic detectors based on thin films can directly detect 5-MeV protons and convert their energy into electrical current for measurement. These sensors can measure the dose of protons in real time and also in integration mode, with high sensitivity and a low limit of detection. The detectors proposed in this study show potential for use as proton dosimeters in various fields, including medical proton therapy.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ziyu Lin, Shichao Lv, Zhongmin Yang, Jianrong Qiu, Shifeng Zhou
Summary: This article discusses the potential of structure control as a novel approach to develop next-generation high-performance scintillators. By designing internal or external structures, performance can be improved and functionality can be expanded for specific applications, such as radiation imaging and therapy, opening up new material selection possibilities.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maryam Hosseinpour, Omid Mirzaee, Sanaz Alamdari, Jose Luis Menendez, Hassan Abdoos
Summary: Radiation dosimetry is important in modern radiotherapy, and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimetry is a promising technique. However, current OSL dosimeters have limitations in providing comprehensive validation of spatial dose distributions, especially in radiation sensitivity flexibility. In this study, a new flexible PWO(Er)/ZnO(Ag) nanocomposite sensor was developed and its ionization radiation responses were investigated. The results showed that the sensor is highly sensitive to alpha radiation and has good stability/repeatability.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qisheng Sun, Hongyun Wang, Jing Li, Fei Li, Weigang Zhu, Xiaotao Zhang, Qiushui Chen, Huanghao Yang, Wenping Hu
Summary: Traditional metal-containing scintillators have limitations such as heavy-metal toxicity, environmental stability, and afterglow. Metal-free organic scintillators, especially organic-halogen-containing molecules, show potential due to their rising momentum. However, the introduction of halogens leads to delayed fluorescence or phosphorescence. This study explores the preparation of nano organic co-crystals and their application in X-ray imaging, which offers a solution to these limitations and provides ideas for developing new scintillators.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qisheng Sun, Zirui Hao, Jing Li, Zheyuan Liu, Hongwei Wang, Xiaotao Zhang, Liqiang Li, Huanli Dong, Wenping Hu
Summary: This study reports a dual-discrimination approach using gamma-ray-insensitive tetraphenylethylene (TPE) for accurate fast-neutron detection. Unlike previous organic single-crystal scintillators, TPE achieves fast-neutron/gamma discrimination through pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) and pulse-height discrimination (PHD), improving neutron counting. The improved FNGD method based on TPE reveals a high figure of merit (FoM = 2.4) and neutron count rate (35.5%), providing new ideas and available materials for high-efficiency FNGD and promoting fast neutron applications.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chanho Kim, Dongyoung Kim, Yeeeun Lee, Chansun Park, Muhammad Nasir Ullah, Duckhyun Kim, Inyong Kwon, Seop Hur, Jung-Yeol Yeom
Summary: Ce:GPS demonstrated stable light output in high-temperature and high-radiation environments, showing potential for applications; LYSO scintillator was vulnerable to high temperatures, while Pr:LuAG exhibited rapid decrease in light output at high temperatures.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Matteo L. Zaffalon, Ye Wu, Francesca Cova, Luca Gironi, Xiaoming Li, Valerio Pinchetti, Yang Liu, Muhammad Imran, Alessia Cemmi, Ilaria Di Sarcina, Liberato Manna, Haibo Zeng, Sergio Brovelli
Summary: The search for efficient scintillators has turned to antimony-based halides that exhibit largely Stokes shifted luminescence due to radiative recombination of excitons self-trapped in strongly Jahn-Teller distorted Sb3+ color centers. A hybrid structure of (C13H14N3)(3)SbCl6, consisting of isolated [SbCl6](3-) octahedra separated by organic N,N'-diphenylguanidinium (Gua) molecules, is synthesized. This material shows a pronounced Stokes shift and high photoluminescence (PL) efficiency, as well as efficient radioluminescence (RL) with scintillation light yields.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Zhen-Zhen Li, Fei Deng, Chi Zhang, Li Zhu, Lian-Hua He, Tao Zhou, Hui Lu, Shi-Lin Zhu, Yu-Ling Zeng, Xiao-Yuan Zhong, Wei Zhou, Yong Chen, Wan-Jun Ren, Jian-Feng Hu
Summary: A simple and low-cost index, called relative culm wall thickness (RCWT), is proposed to evaluate the lodging resistance of rice. Through a field experiment, RCWT was found to be significantly correlated with various lodging-related indexes. Rice plants with high RCWT were characterized by lower plant height and center of gravity, as well as shorter basal internodes, thicker culm wall thickness, and smaller pith diameter. These features increased the fullness of the stem, resulting in higher cellulose and lignin content, enhanced bending resistance, and decreased lodging index.
ARCHIVES OF AGRONOMY AND SOIL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuhua Fu, Hong Liu, Jingwen Dou, Yue Wang, Yong Liao, Xin Huang, Zhenshuang Tang, JingYa Xu, Dong Yin, Shilin Zhu, Yangfan Liu, Xiong Shen, Hengyi Liu, Jiaqi Liu, Xin Yang, Yi Zhang, Yue Xiang, Jingjin Li, Zhuqing Zheng, Yunxia Zhao, Yunlong Ma, Haiyan Wang, Xiaoyong Du, Shengsong Xie, Xuewen Xu, Haohao Zhang, Lilin Yin, Mengjin Zhu, Mei Yu, Xinyun Li, Xiaolei Liu, Shuhong Zhao
Summary: IAnimal is a cross-species, multi-omics knowledgebase that aims to improve the utilization of multi-omics data and simplify data integration for better understanding of gene regulation mechanisms and comprehensive analyses of biological systems.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hongli Zhang, Yiling Zheng, Hongwei Zhou, Shilin Zhu, Jie Yang
Summary: Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial-based membranes hold great promise for various applications due to their attractive properties in molecular separation and transport. However, the swelling problem of 2D membranes has hindered their performance. In this study, the insertion of flexible and hydrophilic carboxylated cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) effectively stabilized the Ti3C2Tx MXene laminar architecture, enhancing mechanical strength, fixing interlayer distance, and improving anti-swelling properties. Furthermore, the intercalation of nanocelluloses increased interlayer spacing and created open gaps for fast and selective molecular transport. When applied in antibiotics separative filtration process, the resulting membrane exhibited excellent anti-swelling properties and high selectivity of antibiotics, making it ideal for various applications.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xin Guo, Hong Zhao, Xiaohu Qiang, Chengwei Ouyang, Zhehui Wang, Dajian Huang
Summary: Biomass-based aerogel materials have great development potential in packaging, cushioning and green building insulation due to their low thermal conductivity and non-toxicity. However, their application is limited by low mechanical strength and poor fire safety. This study developed a composite aerogel modified by the magnesium hydroxide/sodium alginate composite flame retardant system, which significantly enhanced mechanical and thermal stability. The composite showed improved fire resistance and achieved a more complete carbon structure after burning.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Zhi Yang, Guang-Juan Wang, Jia-Jun Wu, Makoto Oka, Shi-Lin Zhu
Summary: In this study, we investigated the near-threshold P-wave B-s states using the Hamiltonian effective field theory, combining the quark model, the quark-pair-creation mechanism and B-(*)(K) over bar interaction. By fitting the lattice data and applying the heavy quark flavor symmetry, we determined all the parameters in the D-s sector. The predicted masses of the bottom-strange partners of the D-30*(2317) and D-31*(2460) are consistent with lattice QCD simulation. We also observed a crossing point in the finite volume spectrum, which corresponds to a CDD zero in the B(K) over bar scattering T-matrix, providing further insights into the near-threshold states.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics
Guosheng Jiang, Zhehui Wang, Jintian Zhu
Summary: In this study, we investigate the minimal surface equation in the unbounded convex domain 12 C Rn (n >= 2) with boundary value given by the sum of a linear function and a bounded uniformly continuous function in Rn. We prove that the solution is unique if 12 is not a half space and the graphs of all solutions form a foliation of 12 x R if 12 is a half space. This result can be considered as a stability type theorem for Edelen-Wang's Bernstein type theorem in [10]. Additionally, we establish a comparison principle for the minimal surface equation in 12.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Y. C. Hu, L. Ye, X. Z. Gong, A. M. Garofalo, J. P. Qian, J. Huang, B. Zhang, P. F. Zhao, Y. J. Hu, Q. L. Ren, J. Y. Zhang, X. X. Zhang, R. R. Liang, Z. H. Wang
Summary: The properties of core turbulence and thermal transport are investigated for EAST high-beta(P) plasmas with dominant electron heating via gyrokinetic simulation. Linear simulations demonstrate the dominance of electrostatic eta(e)-driven trapped electron mode in the core region and the ion temperature gradient mode in the outer region, consistent with linear threshold analysis. Nonlinear simulations show that the electron thermal internal transport barrier in EAST high-beta(P) plasma is determined by the TEM-induced turbulence. A higher zonal flow shearing rate facilitates the formation of e-ITB.
PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Bradley T. Wolfe, Michael J. Falato, Xinhua Zhang, Nga T. T. Nguyen-Fotiadis, J. P. Sauppe, P. M. Kozlowski, P. A. Keiter, R. E. Reinovsky, S. A. Batha, Zhehui Wang
Summary: In inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments, discrepancies in neutron yield and other parameters suggest the presence of significant three-dimensional effects that cannot be captured by one and two dimensional models. X-ray imaging is used to capture the internal structure of objects, but in experimental environments like the National Ignition Facility and Omega-60, the availability of 3D views is limited. Mathematical reconstruction of 3D objects from sparse views is challenging, but neural networks have shown promise in encoding and leveraging prior information for high-resolution reconstructions. This approach is utilized in ICF to track 3D features of capsules and improve 3D reconstructions.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Physics, Particles & Fields
Bo Wang, Lu Meng, Shi-Lin Zhu
Summary: In this study, we investigated di-hadron interactions including D (D) over bar*/D*(D) over bar, D*(D) over bar, DsD*/D*D-s, BB*/BB* and B*B* in chiral effective field theory (chi EFT) up to next-to-leading (NLO) order. The tetraquark states Z(c)(3900), Z(c)(4020), Z(cs)(3985), Z(b)(10610), Z(b)(10650) above threshold can be explained as corresponding di-hadron resonances. We also studied the interactions of Sigma(()(c)*) (D) over bar(*) to investigate the three hidden-charm pentaquarks Pc(4312), Pc(4440) and Pc(4457). Using the parameters fixed from the Pc states, we predicted possible molecular states in Xi D-c* Xi cD* and Xi & lowast; c recently observed by the LHCb Collaboration. Our predictions of the Xi D-c(*) bound states are in good agreement with two new near-threshold structures.
NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS PROCEEDINGS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhehui Wang, Christophe Dujardin, Matthew S. Freeman, Amanda E. Gehring, James F. Hunter, Paul Lecoq, Wei Liu, Charles L. Melcher, C. L. Morris, Martin Nikl, Ghanshyam Pilania, Reeju Pokharel, Daniel G. Robertson, Daniel J. Rutstrom, Sky K. Sjue, Anton S. Tremsin, S. A. Watson, Brenden W. Wiggins, Nicola M. Winch, Mariya Zhuravleva
Summary: Radiographic imaging and tomography (RadIT) has evolved from Rontgen's X-ray work in 1895 and now encompasses a wide range of IT modalities. It plays a critical role in medical diagnosis and industrial applications, while also serving as a powerful tool for scintillator discovery and development.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Niu Su, Hua-Xing Chen, Wei Chen, Shi-Lin Zhu
Summary: We investigate the double-gluon hybrid states composed of quark-gluon contents q over bar qgg (q = u/d) and s over bar sgg. Twelve double-gluon hybrid currents with various quantum numbers are constructed, and five of them are found to be zero due to some internal symmetries. The remaining seven currents are used for QCD sum rule analyses. In particular, the masses of the double-gluon hybrid states with exotic quantum number JPC = 2+- are calculated to be Mlq over bar qgg;2+-) = 2.26+0.20 -0.25 GeV and Mls over bar sgg;2+-) = 2.38+0.19 -0.25 GeV. Their two-and three-meson decay patterns are also studied.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jian-Bo Cheng, Du-xin Zheng, Zi-Yang Lin, Shi-Lin Zhu
Summary: We investigate the double-charm and hidden-charm hexaquarks as molecular states using the one-boson-exchange potential model. We consider multichannel coupling and S-D wave mixing and use the complex scaling method to study quasibound states. We find a quasibound state in the double-charm system, but not in the hidden-charm system.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Bo-Lin Huang, Zi-Yang Lin, Kan Chen, Shi-Lin Zhu
Summary: We calculate the complete T matrices of elastic light pseudoscalar meson and heavy meson scattering to the third order in heavy meson chiral perturbation theory. We determine the low-energy constants by fitting the phase shifts and scattering lengths from lattice QCD simulations simultaneously, and predict the phase shifts at the physical meson masses. The strong phase shifts in various channels suggest the presence of bound states or resonances, including the well-known exotic state D-s0*(2317).
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lu Meng, Bo Wang, Shi-Lin Zhu
Summary: The LHCb Collaboration has recently observed the first hidden-charm pentaquark with strangeness, P?,yso4338 thorn 0. The state is close to the Xi 0c over bar D0 and Xi thorn c D- thresholds, raising concerns about the bias of the Breit-Wigner parametrization and its coupling to these double thresholds. Through qualitative and formalism-based analyses, it is shown that the peak of P?,yso4338 thorn 0 could originate from either an o-; thorn thorn sheet pole above the Xi thorn c D- threshold or an o-; - thorn sheet pole below the Xi 0c over bar D0 threshold. The authors suggest a refined experimental analysis considering unitarity and analyticity.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Zhehui Wang, Andrew F. T. Leong, Angelo Dragone, Arianna E. Gleason, Rafael Ballabriga, Christopher Campbell, Michael Campbell, Samuel J. Clark, Cinzia Da Via, Dana M. Dattelbaum, Marcel Demarteau, Lorenzo Fabris, Kamel Fezzaa, Eric R. Fossum, Sol M. Gruner, Todd C. Hufnagel, Xiaolu Ju, Ke Li, Xavier Llopart, Bratislav Lukic, Alexander Rack, Joseph Strehlow, Audrey C. Therrien, Julia Thom-Levy, Feixiang Wang, Tiqiao Xiao, Mingwei Xu, Xin Yue
Summary: Ultrafast radiographic imaging and tracking (U-RadIT) is widely used in various fields and plays a vital role in modern technologies. The optimization of information yield and data processing, as well as the use of advanced detectors and algorithms, are important for the research in U-RadIT.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2023)
