Article
Energy & Fuels
Qinglong Meng, Tianyi Gao, Xinyang Zhang, Fan Zhao, Liqiang Wang, Yu Lei, Xiao Wu, Hui Li
Summary: This study investigates the potential of demand response (DR) and load rebound suppression strategies for HVAC systems. By conducting physical experiments and utilizing simulation models, the study shows that adding a water storage tank as a buffer and utilizing the thermal inertia of the building can reduce the start and stop times of the HVAC system and extend the DR participation time. The results also demonstrate that active energy storage can further increase the DR participation time and reduce power consumption and operating costs. Additionally, the study highlights the effectiveness of slow recovery strategies and extended DR control time in limiting load rebound. Implementing these strategies can mitigate the frequent activation and deactivation of refrigeration units, alleviating the power supply and demand contradiction.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zakia Afroz, Mark Goldsworthy, Stephen D. White
Summary: This paper investigates the demand response potential in Australian commercial buildings, focusing on schools, offices, and data centers using a physics-based approach. The study finds that schools have the highest DR potential at -40-45% under high temperature conditions, followed by data centers (-20-30%) and offices (-20%). It also shows that offices have the highest aggregate potential, being 1.5-1.7 times that of schools and 9-11 times that of data centers.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Lei Liu, Da Xu, Chi-Seng Lam
Summary: This paper proposes a two-layer management system for HVAC-based multi-energy buildings. The system aims to reduce energy consumption by utilizing the proactive demand response of fast/slow-charging electric vehicles. A mathematical model is used to formulate the building HVAC, which works in coordination with multi-energy converters and storages to achieve a 100% renewable building. The first layer optimizes the use of electrical, heat, and gas energy carriers through a day-ahead multi-energy dispatch. The second layer handles the management of AC slow charging and DC fast charging types of EVs through a real-time supply-demand pricing mechanism.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
S. N. Bragagnolo, R. M. Schierloh, J. R. Vega, J. C. Vaschetti
Summary: This study proposes a demand response framework to minimize the energy cost and ensure thermal comfort of an air conditioning system. By using a genetic algorithm to solve the optimization problem, it achieves economic savings and improves thermal comfort compared to traditional on-off control strategies.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Huajing Sha, Peng Xu, Meishun Lin, Chen Peng, Qiang Dou
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive review of feature engineering for HVAC energy prediction model development, proposed a novel feature engineering method, and developed an easy-to-use, high-accuracy HVAC energy forecasting toolkit. The toolkit was validated on large-scale data, showing an average forecasting error of <8%.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hyunkyeong Hwang, Ahyun Yoon, Yongtae Yoon, Seungil Moon
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive review of methods to improve the hosting capacity of distributed generations and demand response strategies using HVAC systems. It analyzes the limiting factors of hosting capacity and proposes an optimal demand response program that considers network operation and overvoltage issues. The case studies show that the optimal demand response schedules enhance photovoltaic penetration while ensuring voltage stability and thermal comfort.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Huilong Wang, Yongbao Chen, Jing Kang, Zhikun Ding, Han Zhu
Summary: A predictive control strategy based on XGBoost is proposed for HVAC systems to provide demand response in the coming day. The strategy achieves a high prediction performance and reduces total cost while maintaining indoor temperature stability.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Huishi Liang, Jin Ma, Jun Lin
Summary: This paper proposes a data-driven framework for distribution system expansion planning (DSEP) by utilizing smart meter data to evaluate customers' demand response (DR) potential and optimize incentive schemes. The model takes into consideration the heterogeneity of individual customers' potential and the relationship between incentives and participation rates. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed model can significantly reduce expansion costs.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jiaqi Yuan, Ziwei Xiao, Xiaofei Chen, Zhan Lu, Ji Li, Wenjie Gang
Summary: The study introduces a temperature & humidity (T&H) setback strategy for HVAC systems, which can effectively reduce both sensible and latent cooling loads, with an energy saving rate of up to 39.0%. The T&H strategy performs better in buildings with lower sensible or higher latent loads, enhancing the flexibility of buildings during demand response periods.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sandip Kumar Gupta, T. Ghose, Kalyan Chatterjee
Summary: With the increase in penetration of inverter-based renewable energy resources, frequency regulation in low inertia isolated microgrids has become a major concern. This study investigates customers' participation through the Demand Response (DR) programs to provide frequency regulation services when the existing battery energy storage system (BESS) and other resources are insufficient. A decentralized control scheme with a simple PI and PD controller is proposed to coordinate HVAC loads and BESS for smooth frequency regulation.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Huilong Wang, Shengwei Wang
Summary: The study proposes a hierarchical optimal control strategy for utilizing existing HVAC systems in buildings to provide frequency regulation service, optimizing power use baseline and regulation capacity while considering the tradeoff between financial reward and thermal comfort. The strategy is validated on a simulation test platform, showing that it can maximize the use of regulation capacity from HVAC systems while ensuring indoor environment control quality under a given guarantee rate.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Akinkunmi Adegbenro, Michael Short, Claudio Angione
Summary: This paper proposes a novel two-stage integrated approach for HVAC system control, combining model predictive control and digital parameter-adaptive control to achieve effective control and optimization of HVAC systems in a demand response/demand management environment. Through calibrated simulations, it was found that significant energy saving and cost reduction could be achieved compared to traditional on/off or variable HVAC control systems.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Gerard Mor, Jordi Cipriano, Benedetto Grillone, Frederic Amblard, Ramanunni Parakkal Menon, Jessen Page, Marcus Brennenstuhl, Dirk Pietruschka, Ruben Baumer, Ursula Eicker
Summary: This study develops and validates a new methodology for evaluating the energy flexibility provided by heat pump systems through automated demand response services. It also examines their application and potential in different electricity markets.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiangyu Kong, Zhengtao Wang, Fan Xiao, Linquan Bai
Summary: This paper proposes a two-stage approach to improve the accuracy of short-term load forecasting (STLF) in the context of increasing demand response (DR). The approach utilizes traditional algorithms as baselines and constructs a target DR deviation sequence through mode decomposition and reorganization. The deviation sequences caused by DR are obtained using dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) with the assistance of a Hankel matrix. By superposing the results from traditional algorithms and the obtained deviation sequence, the final forecast accuracy is significantly improved. Multiple case studies on DR pilot areas and comparison with existing models demonstrate the effectiveness and generalization of demand response deviation correction based on existing algorithms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Christian Utama, Sebastian Troitzsch, Jagruti Thakur
Summary: This study investigates the demand-side flexibility potential of Singapore's building stock and explores how it can be realized through demand-side bidding. Through a case study in Singapore's Downtown Core district, factors such as building types, cooling load, and occupancy schedule were found to impact DSF potential. Demand-side bidding, compared to centralized dispatch, can help consumers utilize their energy resources more effectively, reducing total electricity costs.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Anas Almunif, Lingling Fan
INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2020)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Anas Almunif, Lingling Fan, Zhixin Miao
INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Lingling Fan, Zhixin Miao
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2020)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ibrahim Alsaleh, Lingling Fan
Summary: This article proposes an optimization method for distribution systems with high penetrations of solar energy, aiming to minimize energy import from substations, reduce line losses, and decrease maintenance costs of voltage regulators by coordinating with PV Var compensation. The accurate model with nonuniformly-operated tap positions and the application of Generalized Benders Decomposition to overcome computational complexity enhance the effectiveness of the algorithm.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Abdallah Aldosary, Ziad M. Ali, Mohammed M. Alhaider, Mehrdad Ghahremani, Sajjad Dadfar, Kengo Suzuki
Summary: This study tunes the parameters of a fuzzy logic controller using a modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm to optimize the maximum power point tracking system. The combination of algorithms improves the performance and accuracy of the system, with results showing better performance compared to previous works.
CONTROL ENGINEERING PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lingling Fan, Zhixin Miao, Przemyslaw Koralewicz, Shahil Shah, Vahan Gevorgian
Summary: This paper presents two methods for identifying the admittance of a commercial grid-following inverter using frequency-domain and time-domain data, which can be used for cross validation. Frequency-domain admittance measurements can provide valuable information about operating conditions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Lingling Fan, Zhixin Miao
Summary: This study provides a quantitative analysis of ac overcurrent, with frequency-domain analysis and time-domain simulation results illustrating the impact of control parameters and grid strength on ac overcurrent.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Buddhadeva Sahoo, Mohammed M. Alhaider, Sangram Keshari Routray, Pravat Kumar Rout
Summary: This study proposes a novel transformation technique based on combined AC and DC grid-based hybrid microgrid and electric vehicle operation to enhance power quality and reliability. A new method for generating constant wind speed is introduced using a constant ventilation fan with a 10 kW rating. The suggested AC-DC hybrid microgrid approach reduces the need for conversion devices when integrating electric vehicles and battery energy storage devices directly. A centralized energy management control structure is proposed, incorporating wind power control, battery storage, EV power control, and coordinated inverter control, to enable excellent parallel action of multiple wind plants and inverters without requiring additional voltage and frequency controllers. A novel transformation method is applied to handle three-phase unbalanced voltage and current components, reducing computational burden. Simulation results demonstrate significant improvement in utility, top, and bottom inverter performance under different system conditions, as well as faster settling time. This proposed approach can be applied to real microgrid test systems to achieve better power quality and reliability.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Buddhadeva Sahoo, Mohammed M. Alhaider, Pravat Kumar Rout
Summary: This paper investigates the solution to power quality problems caused by non-linear and unbalanced load in three-phase four-wire applications. Improved voltage and current control methods are proposed, along with harmonic compensation techniques, to reduce total harmonic distortion and ripple frequency, and improve power factor and energy balance.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hegazy Rezk, Magdy M. Zaky, Mohemmed Alhaider, Mohamed A. Tolba
Summary: This paper proposes an improved fractional MPPT method to increase the energy harvesting efficiency of TEGs. The method utilizes fractional order control and the MFO algorithm to optimize the system parameters. Compared with other optimization algorithms, this method demonstrates better tracking performance in both dynamic and steady-state conditions.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Buddhadeva Sahoo, Sangram Keshari Routray, Pravat Kumar Rout, Mohammed M. Alhaider
Summary: This paper presents a combined control and modulation technique using a single-phase 11-level cascaded H-bridge inverter to enhance the power quality and power reliability of a hybrid energy system. The technique employs a Modified Perturb and Observe technique to track optimum power and proposes an ultra-capacitor-based energy storage device and a novel current control strategy to provide additional active power support during voltage sag and swell conditions. A two-way current control strategy and a hybrid pulse width modulation technique are suggested for improved power quality and reliability. The robust controller performance is tested using MATLAB/Simulink software-based designed model.
CMC-COMPUTERS MATERIALS & CONTINUA
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Buddhadeva Sahoo, Sangram Keshari Routray, Pravat Kumar Rout, Mohammed M. Alhaider
Summary: This paper suggests a combined novel control strategy for DFIG based wind power systems under both nonlinear and unbalanced load conditions, by coordinating the machine side converter and the load side converter control approaches to improve system performance and reduce cost.
CMC-COMPUTERS MATERIALS & CONTINUA
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Hegazy Rezk, Mohammed Mazen Alhato, Mohemmed Alhaider, Soufiene Bouallegue
Summary: The research introduced an improved strategy using Fractional-Order Proportional-Integral control technique for enhancing the performance of a Doubly Fed Induction Generator wind energy system. The optimal gains of the FOPI controller were determined using a Manta Ray Foraging Optimization algorithm, showcasing superior tracking and control performances under various conditions.
CMC-COMPUTERS MATERIALS & CONTINUA
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nguyen Vu Quynh, Ziad M. Ali, Mohammed M. Alhaider, Alireza Rezvani, Kengo Suzuki
Summary: Microgrids are suitable for integrating high levels of renewable energy sources, with batteries playing a crucial role in addressing the intermittency of these sources. A novel method utilizing the modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm (MSFLA) has demonstrated promising outcomes for optimizing battery sizing and energy management in microgrids. This approach has shown superior performance in terms of computational efficiency and quality of solutions compared to other algorithms, leading to cost savings in microgrid operation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mohammed M. Alhaider, Emad M. Ahmed, Mokhtar Aly, Hany A. Serhan, Emad A. Mohamed, Ziad M. Ali
