A Five-Tissue-Layer Human Body Communication Circuit Model Tunable to Individual Characteristics

Human body communication (HBC) has several advantages over traditional wireless communications due to the high conductivity of human body. Anaccurate body channelmodel plays a vital role in optimizing the performance and power of HBC transceivers. In this paper, we present a body channel model with three distinct features. First, it takes into account all five body tissue layers resulting better accuracy; second, it adapts to different individuals with the proposed layer thickness estimation technique; third, it counts in the variation of backward coupling capacitance versus different postures. These new features significantly improve the model accuracy. Measurement results show that the proposed model achieves a maximum error of 2.21% in path loss for different human subjects.