Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aniruddha Das, Sarah Holden, Julie Borovicka, Jacob Icardi, Abigail O'Niel, Ariel Chaklai, Davina Patel, Rushik Patel, Stefanie Kaech Petrie, Jacob Raber, Hod Dana
Summary: Current methods for recording single-cell activity in freely-moving mice require either head fixation or attachment of a device, both of which may alter behavior. This study presents a new recording method that allows cortical activity mapping without mechanical restrictions on mouse movement.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jungsoo Lee, Won Hyuk Chang, Yun-Hee Kim
Summary: Understanding the interaction between the corticospinal tract (CST) and corticocerebellar tract (CCT) can enhance the individualized rehabilitative strategies and predictive accuracy for stroke patients. The study found that the CCT was significantly associated with high CST FA, indicating a conditional role of CCT depending on CST status in upper extremity recovery after stroke.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Safiye Cavdar, Busra Kose, Damlasu Altinoz, Mazhar Ozkan, Yasin Celal Gunes, Oktay Algin
Summary: This study investigates the afferent and efferent connections of the supplementary motor area (SMA) with brainstem structures and clarifies its relationship with the corticospinal tract (CST). The results show that the SMA has both afferent and efferent connections with various brainstem structures, which contribute to its motor and non-motor functions. These findings provide new insights into the role of the SMA in brainstem networks.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Kemal S. Turker
Summary: This review article presents a new approach using single motor unit-based method to estimate changes in human neuronal networks induced by exercise, which minimizes errors compared to classical methods and allows for more accurate identification of exercise-induced changes in human neuronal networks.
EXERCISE AND SPORT SCIENCES REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Goldy Yadav, Julie Duque
Summary: Humans have exceptional abilities for skilled movements and understanding of motor skill learning is important for scientific knowledge and clinical outcomes. The lack of consensus in defining skill and the increasing heterogeneity in motor learning assessments call for the identification of key features of skill to avoid misinterpretation of findings. This review highlights the historical and contemporary perspectives on skill, emphasizing characteristics such as optimal movement, speed and accuracy improvement, and reduced variability and error.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Dongrong Lai, Zijun Wan, Jiafan Lin, Li Pan, Feixiao Ren, Junming Zhu, Jianmin Zhang, Yueming Wang, Yaoyao Hao, Kedi Xu
Summary: In this study, neural signals from a paralyzed individual's left motor cortex were recorded during unimanual and bimanual motor imagery tasks to investigate how the human brain coordinates bimanual movements. The results showed that while there was a similar preference for each arm during unimanual movements, the preference for the contralateral arm increased to 71.8% during bimanual movements, indicating contralateral lateralization. It was also observed that there was a decorrelation process for each arm's representation across the unimanual and bimanual tasks. These findings contribute to our understanding of bimanual coordination and the development of advanced bimanual brain-computer interfaces.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yizhen Liu, Weiwei Wang, Ning Song, Lingling Jiao, Fengju Jia, Xixun Du, Xi Chen, Chunling Yan, Jianwei Jiao, Qian Jiao, Hong Jiang
Summary: The study found that the loss of ChAT-positive neurons in the DMV leads to a rapid reduction in plasma ghrelin levels in PD transgenic mice, while chemogenetic activation of DMV cholinergic neurons can increase plasma ghrelin levels. Additionally, impairment of cholinergic neurons is associated with gastrointestinal disorders, and exogenous ghrelin treatment can partially alleviate these gastrointestinal dysfunctions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peiyu Xu, Sijie Huang, Chunyou Mao, Brian E. Krumm, X. Edward Zhou, Yangxia Tan, Xi-Ping Huang, Yongfeng Liu, Dan-Dan Shen, Yi Jiang, Xuekui Yu, Hualiang Jiang, Karsten Melcher, Bryan L. Roth, Xi Cheng, Yan Zhang, H. Eric Xu
Summary: The study reported two cryo-EM structures of human D3R in complex with an inhibitory G protein and bound to D3R-selective agonists PD128907 and pramipexole, revealing distinct agonist binding modes and conformational signatures for ligand-induced receptor activation, providing insights for designing specific ligands to treat CNS diseases targeting the dopaminergic system.
Review
Cell Biology
Claudia Mestre-Alagarda, Rajaventhan Srirajaskanthan, Yoh Zen, Mojisila Giwa, Mark Howard, Marc Lucas Ooft
Summary: Multiple studies have shown that recurrent genetic and epigenetic abnormalities are associated with worse prognosis in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). However, most of these studies are small and only conducted univariate analysis. This review and meta-analysis focus on NETs in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas, and found specific genetic and epigenetic alterations that are associated with worse survival outcomes. It also emphasizes the importance of considering NETs from different anatomical locations as distinct biological entities with different molecular prognostic markers.
Article
Neurosciences
Hemalatha Muralidharan, Shrobona Guha, Kiran Madugula, Ankita Patil, Sarah A. Bennison, Xiaohuan Sun, Kazuhito Toyo-oka, Peter W. Baas
Summary: This study reveals the essential role of KIFC1 in ensuring the accuracy of neuronal migration trajectory. By crosslinking microtubules into a nonsliding mode, KIFC1 enables dynein-driven forces to achieve sufficient traction and thus allows neurons to migrate along their appropriate path.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael A. Urbin, Jennifer L. Collinger, George F. Wittenberg
Summary: The asymmetry in corticospinal recruitment of spinal motor neurons post-stroke is directly correlated with hand impairments. Spike timing-dependent plasticity can transiently reverse recruitment failures, and this modulation is strongly associated with recruitment asymmetry and impairment severity.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Helene H. Jensen, Magnus T. Frantzen, Jonas L. Wesseltoft, Ana-Octavia Busuioc, Katrine Moller, Malene Brohus, Palle R. Duun, Mette Nyegaard, Michael T. Overgaard, Anders Olsen
Summary: Mutations in calmodulin in humans can cause cardiac arrhythmia by disrupting calcium sensing and regulation of calcium channels, leading to abnormal heart rhythm. However, the effects of these mutations on other tissues and neuronal function have been largely unexplored. In this study, the nematode C. elegans was used as a model organism to study the effects of three calmodulin mutations on calcium binding. The results showed that these mutations not only affect rhythmic behaviors but also have different effects on neuronal function, suggesting that calmodulin mutations may also contribute to neurological diseases.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Karim S. Ibrahim, Salah El Mestikawy, Khaled S. Abd-Elrahman, Stephen S. G. Ferguson
Summary: Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and cognitive impairments. The role of vesicular glutamate transporter-3 (VGLUT3) in HD pathophysiology is unclear. This study found that VGLUT3 deletion rescued motor and cognitive deficits in HD mouse models, likely through the activation of Akt and ERK1/2 pathways. These findings suggest that VGLUT3 could be a potential target for HD therapeutics.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Wolfgang Roessler
Summary: This article provides a brief overview of the skills of Cataglyphis desert ants in multisensory learning and neuronal plasticity, focusing on their transition from the dark nest interior to performing first foraging trips. It highlights desert ants as experimental models for studying the neuronal mechanisms underlying behavioral development into successful navigators.
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Aritra Bhattacherjee, Chao Zhang, Brianna R. Watson, Mohamed Nadhir Djekidel, Jeffrey R. Moffitt, Yi Zhang
Summary: The prefrontal cortex (PFC) shows distinct cellular and molecular features, as well as circuit organization, which are associated with its diverse functions. This study provides insights into the specific mechanisms underlying PFC functions, including chronic pain.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
