Journal
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
Volume 39, Issue 6, Pages 2532-2540Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24019
Keywords
cognitive aging; DTI; HIV; machine learning; neuropsychology/behavior
Funding
- University of California, Los Angeles Neurologic, Neurocognitive and Functional Consequences of HIV K23 [MH095661]
- Clinical and Translational Research Center [UL1RR033176, UL1TR000124, U24MH100929]
- Mount Sinai Institute for NeuroAIDS Disparities NIMH R25 [MH080663]
- Research Council of Norway [213837, 223273, 204966/F20, 229129, 249795/F20]
- South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority [2013-123, 2014-097, 2015-073]
- European Commission 7th Framework Programme [602450]
- NIH T32 Training [MH19535]
- UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/H008217/1]
- UK Medical Research Council
- University of Cambridge, UK
- KG Jebsen Foundation
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Objective: HIV infection and aging are both associated with neurodegeneration. However, whether the aging process alone or other factors associated with advanced age account for the progression of neurodegeneration in the aging HIV-positive (HIV+) population remains unclear. Methods: HIV+ (n=70) and HIV-negative (HIV2, n=34) participants underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and metrics of microstructural properties were extracted from regions of interest (ROIs). A support vector regression model was trained on two independent datasets of healthy adults across the adult life-span (n=765, Cam-CAN=588; UiO=177) to predict participant age from DTI metrics, and applied to the HIV dataset. Predicted brain age gap (BAG) was computed as the difference between predicted age and chronological age, and statistically compared between HIV groups. Regressions assessed the relationship between BAG and HIV severity/medical comorbidities. Finally, correlation analyses tested for associations between BAG and cognitive performance. Results: BAG was significantly higher in the HIV+ group than the HIV2 group F (1, 103) 512.408, p=.001). HIV RNA viral load was significantly associated with BAG, particularly in older HIV1 individuals (R-2 50.29, F(7, 70) 52.66, p=.021). Further, BAG was negatively correlated with domain-level cognitive function (learning: r=20.26, p=.008; memory: r=20.21, p=.034). Conclusions: HIV infection is associated with augmented white matter aging, and greater brain aging is associated with worse cognitive performance in multiple domains.
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