Review
Neurosciences
Jesse D. Cushman, Michael R. Drew, Franklin B. Krasne
Summary: The primary function of juvenile and adult hippocampal neurogenesis appears to be allowing behavioral experience to shape connectivity in the dentate gyrus and optimize hippocampal circuits for future learning. This environmental sculpting reduces overlap among memory representations, provides more information, and allows for more memories to be stored accurately. The decline of neurogenesis prior to adulthood may be explained by this prospective function of sculpting hippocampal circuits.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Sebastian B. Arredondo, Daniela Valenzuela-Bezanilla, Sebastian H. Santibanez, Lorena Varela-Nallar
Summary: The subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus is a neurogenic niche that contains neural stem cells capable of generating granule neurons. Wnt ligands play diverse roles in regulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Understanding the cellular source and mechanisms of Wnt signaling will be crucial for future therapeutic interventions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriel Berdugo-Vega, Shonali Dhingra, Federico Calegari
Summary: This article reviews a wealth of research in cellular, anatomical, behavioral, and computational studies on the mammalian hippocampus, aiming to understand the fundamental mechanisms underlying cognition. Despite accumulating knowledge on how the hippocampus processes and stores information for learning and memory, our understanding of hippocampal cognitive function remains incomplete. The article discusses the structural separability of the two blades of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus and proposes a model that suggests differences in connectivity and adult neurogenesis in the two blades may contribute to subtly different cognitive functions.
Article
Neurosciences
Marta Gronksa-Peski, J. Tiago Goncalves, Jean M. Hebert
Summary: Research shows that an enriched environment promotes adult neurogenesis by increasing the function of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) within neurogenic cells. Activation of FGFR by an enriched environment signals through FGFR substrate (FRS) to induce stem cell proliferation and via FRS and phospholipase C gamma to increase the number of adult-born neurons.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Katarzyna Bartkowska, Beata Tepper, Krzysztof Turlejski, Ruzanna Djavadian
Summary: This article evaluates the developmental neurogenesis that occurs after birth in both marsupials and eutherians, with a focus on the generation of granule cells during the formation of the olfactory bulb, dentate gyrus, and cerebellum. The importance of immature neurons in the piriform cortex of young mammals is discussed, and the knowledge of adult neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb and dentate gyrus of marsupials is synthesized to determine the essentiality of adult-born neurons in a given area.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sarah Houben, Megane Homa, Zehra Yilmaz, Karelle Leroy, Jean-Pierre Brion, Kunie Ando
Summary: AHN plays a critical role in sustaining hippocampal functions such as learning and memory, and impaired AHN in AD patients may contribute to cognitive deficits. NFTs and amyloid plaques are key neuropathological hallmarks of AD, with abnormal tau protein accumulation impacting AHN. Further research is needed to fully understand the relationship between tau pathology and AHN.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Farah Chamaa, Batoul Darwish, Ziad Nahas, Elie D. Al-Chaer, Nayef E. Saade, Wassim Abou-Kheir
Summary: This study demonstrates that sustained activation of the anteromedial thalamic nucleus boosts neurogenesis and improves spatial reference memory. Both single and multiple sessions of deep brain stimulation prompt an increase in novel arm exploration, with multiple sessions having a greater effect starting from week 1.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rada Jeremic, Sanja Pekovic, Irena Lavrnja, Ivana Bjelobaba, Marina Djelic, Sanja Dacic, Predrag Brkic
Summary: A growing body of evidence suggests that hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) can affect the activity of adult neural stem cells (NSCs). In this study, the effects of sensorimotor cortex ablation (SCA) and HBO treatment (HBOT) on neurogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus (DG) were investigated. The results showed that SCA caused significant loss of neurons in the DG, while HBOT prevented the reduction of dendritic arborization and increased proliferation of progenitor cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Gaifen Li, Jia Liu, Yuying Guan, Xunming Ji
Summary: Hypoxia plays a crucial role in regulating various cell functions, including stem cells and neural stem cells. Hypoxia stimulation in specific brain regions can promote proliferation, migration, and maturation of neural stem cells, potentially offering a promising strategy for treating central nervous system diseases.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Chuanqi Liu, Jiayin Liu, Hong Gong, Tianyao Liu, Xin Li, Xiaotang Fan
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by atypical social communication and repetitive sensory-motor behaviors. Emerging evidence suggests that deficits in hippocampal neurogenesis may play a significant role in the abnormal behaviors observed in ASD. This review summarizes pre-clinical and clinical studies supporting the importance of hippocampal neurogenesis in the pathogenesis of ASD, discusses the potential of enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis as a new therapeutic strategy for ASD, and highlights the prospects of pro-neurogenic therapies for ASD.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Virendra Tiwari, Akanksha Mishra, Sonu Singh, Shubha Shukla
Summary: Neural stem cells (NSCs) are the functional and developmental unit of neurogenesis, and they have the ability to self-renew and generate new neurons in different neurogenic niches. Neurogenesis in adult brain is associated with synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory, particularly in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus and olfactory bulb. Impaired neurogenesis has been implicated as a culprit in age-associated neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review provides evidence for the association between impaired neurogenesis and AD, and discusses the molecular and cellular regulation of neurogenesis in the young and aging brain. The review also summarizes therapeutic strategies for targeting the manipulation of the neural stem cell pool and factors affecting this pool in AD.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucas Alexandre Santos Marzano, Fabyolla Lucia Macedo de Castro, Caroline Amaral Machado, Joao Luis Vieira Monteiro de Barros, Thiago Macedo e Cordeiro, Ana Cristina Simoes e Silva, Antonio Lucio Teixeira, Aline Silva de Miranda
Summary: Traumatic brain injury is a serious cause of disability and death, and neurogenesis may provide potential benefits for its treatment.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Aikaterini Lampada, Verdon Taylor
Summary: Neurogenesis stops in most areas of the mammalian brain before or shortly after birth, but in certain brain regions, the production of new neurons continues into adulthood. Neural stem cells in these neurogenic zones are situated within niches that govern their activity and fate. Majority of adult brain stem cells are mitotically inactive and can remain dormant for extended periods. The molecular mechanisms regulating neural stem cell maintenance and differentiation are of great interest, with Notch signaling identified as a critical regulator in various tissues, including the nervous system. This review examines the roles of Notch signaling, as well as the functions of different Notch receptors and ligands, in the regulation of adult neurogenesis in mice.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joshua D. Rieskamp, Ileanexis Rosado-Burgos, Jacob E. Christofi, Eliza Ansar, Dalia Einstein, Ashley E. Walters, Valentina Valentini, John P. Bruno, Elizabeth D. Kirby
Summary: This study demonstrates that glutamate stimulates neural stem cells (NSCs) to self-renew and proliferate through excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAT1), which also stimulates lipogenesis. Transcriptomics and pathway manipulation reveal the underlying mechanism of this process.
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Evgenia Salta, Orly Lazarov, Carlos P. Fitzsimons, Rudolph Tanzi, Paul J. Lucassen, Se Hoon Choi
Summary: Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) decreases significantly in early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. AHN is correlated with cognitive status in AD patients, and understanding its regulation could lead to innovative pharmacological interventions. This study combines molecular, behavioral, and clinical data to explore the complex relationship between AHN and AD pathophysiology and proposes a roadmap for further research to better understand the role of AHN in AD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
A. L. Garcia-Garcia, S. Canetta, J. M. Stujenske, N. S. Burghardt, M. S. Ansorge, A. Dranovsky, E. D. Leonardo
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Alexander Z. Harris, Piray Atsak, Zachary H. Bretton, Emma S. Holt, Raisa Alam, Mitchell P. Morton, Atheir I. Abbas, E. David Leonardo, Scott S. Bolkan, Rene Hen, Joshua A. Gordon
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Areg Barsegyan, Gabriele Mirone, Giacomo Ronzoni, Chunan Guo, Qi Song, Daan van Kuppeveld, Evelien H. S. Schut, Piray Atsak, Selina Teurlings, James L. McGaugh, Dirk Schubert, Benno Roozendaal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah M. Banker, David Pagliaccio, Bruce Ramphal, Lauren Thomas, Alex Dranovsky, Amy E. Margolis
Summary: The hippocampus plays a critical role in complex abilities such as visual-spatial reasoning, social functioning, and math. Individuals with NVLD, a neurodevelopmental disorder, show deficits in visual-spatial reasoning and often struggle with social or mathematical skills. Research has found that children with NVLD have reduced left hippocampal volume and stronger hippocampal-cerebellar connectivity, potentially as a compensatory mechanism.
Article
Neurosciences
Flavio Donato, Cristina M. Alberini, Dima Amso, George Dragoi, Alex Dranovsky, Nora S. Newcombe
Summary: This article discusses the development and biological correlates of hippocampus-dependent memories during infancy, highlighting that despite the immature circuitry of the infant hippocampus, it is still capable of forming lasting memories.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Stylianos Kosmidis, Christine A. Denny, Alex Dranovsky, Efthimios M. C. Skoulakis
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qingyuan Meng, Alvaro L. Garcia-Garcia, Alex Dranovsky, E. David Leonardo
Summary: Deficits in arousal and stress responsiveness in psychiatric disorders can be affected by the norepinephrine (NE) system, which matures during development. Blocking NE signaling during the sensitive period of postnatal days 10-21 can lead to lasting changes in adult emotional behavior and NE circuit function. This study suggests that interventions during this critical period, such as the use of guanfacine, can have long-lasting implications for mental health.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Amy E. Margolis, Paige Greenwood, Alex Dranovsky, Virginia Rauh
Summary: Children from economically disadvantaged communities are at a higher risk of exposure to chemicals, social stress, and learning difficulties. However, both environmental health studies and educational literature have overlooked the role of environmental chemical exposures as potential factors in learning difficulties. This study proposes a theoretical framework and presents evidence supporting the link between prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and reading comprehension and math skills. In the long run, this research will help reduce the achievement gap by identifying the pathways from prenatal exposures to learning difficulties in children from economically disadvantaged families.
MIND BRAIN AND EDUCATION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Alex Dranovsky
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Stylianos Kosmidis, Adrian Negrean, Alex Dranovsky, Attila Losonczy, Eric R. Kandel
Summary: Fast 3D Clear is an aqueous clearing protocol that can achieve high transparency of adult and embryonic mouse tissues in a few days, making it suitable for a wide range of biomedical studies.
CELL REPORTS METHODS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mary Youssef, Piray Atsak, Jovani Cardenas, Stylianos Kosmidis, E. David Leonardo, Alex Dranovsky
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2019)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Alexander Harris, Linda Chamberlin, Lisa Kretsge, Daniel Lowes, Mihir Topiwala, Atheir Abbas, Alan Park, Piray Atsak, E. David Leonardo, Rene Hen, Joshua Gordon
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2018)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Maria Oquendo, M. Mercedes Perez-Rodriguez, Eric Nestler, Rene Kahn, David Ross, Ruth O'Hara, David Kupfer, Alan Schatzberg, Jeffrey Borenstein, Neal Swerdlow, Mark Chavez, Erika Forbes, Eduardo Leonardo, Joshua Gordon, Antonia New
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2018)