Article
Environmental Sciences
Nour Aldeli, Chadi Soukkarie, Abdulsamie Hanano
Summary: This study investigated the reproductive toxicity of TCDD in mice and found that it caused serious negative effects on the female reproductive system across generations, leading to hormonal and gene expression alterations. The use of hormone changes as biomarkers to monitor indirect TCDD exposure in future generations is suggested.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dandan Song, Huan He, Rajitha Indukuri, Zhiqiang Huang, Lina Stepanauskaite, Indranil Sinha, Lars-Arne Haldosen, Chunyan Zhao, Cecilia Williams
Summary: This study investigates the differences between estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) in regulating cell proliferation and migration. The results show that ERα and ERβ have opposite effects on cell proliferation and different impacts on migration. Furthermore, they regulate distinct sets of target genes, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms of these two different ER isoforms.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Renjie Wang, Kairong Xiong, Zhimin Wang, Di Wu, Bai Hu, Jinghan Ruan, Chaoyang Sun, Ding Ma, Li Li, Shujie Liao
Summary: Immunotherapy has shown significant effectiveness in various types of cancer, but the majority of patients do not benefit from it. Evaluating tumor heterogeneity and immune status before treatment is crucial for identifying patients who are more likely to respond to immunotherapy. Demographic characteristics, immune status, and specific biomarkers all play a role in the response to immunotherapy. An integrated immunodiagnostic model utilizing artificial intelligence could provide valuable information for predicting treatment response. We introduce the concept of immunodiagnosis as the blueprint for this model, discuss the features it should include, and outline the strategy for constructing it. Furthermore, we explore the potential incorporation of this immunodiagnosis model in clinical practice in order to improve the prognosis of tumor immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sora Kang, Ying Piao, Young Cheol Kang, Suyeol Lim, Youngmi Kim Pak
Summary: DA-9805 is a potential therapeutic candidate for Parkinson's disease, able to prevent neuroinflammation and ER stress. It demonstrates neuroprotective effects by alleviating mitochondrial damage and inhibiting NF-Kappa B activation, in both cell and mouse models.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Dermatology
Natalie M. Williams, Michael Randolph, Ali Rajabi-Estarabadi, Jonette Keri, Antonella Tosti
Summary: Hormonal contraceptives play a significant role in dermatologic conditions, with different methods having varying effects on skin conditions like acne and hirsutism. While there is evidence supporting the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives in treating certain skin disorders, more research is needed to fully understand their impact on other dermatologic conditions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guowei Gu, Lin Tian, Sarah K. Herzog, Yassine Rechoum, Luca Gelsomino, Meng Gao, Lili Du, Jin-Ah Kim, Derek Dustin, Hin Ching Lo, Amanda R. Beyer, David G. Edwards, Thomas Gonzalez, Anna Tsimelzon, Helen J. Huang, Natalie M. Fernandez, Sandra L. Grimm, Susan G. Hilsenbeck, Dan Liu, Jun Xu, Alyssa Alaniz, Shunqiang Li, Gordon B. Mills, Filip Janku, Ralf Kittler, Xiang H. -F. Zhang, Cristian Coarfa, Charles E. Foulds, W. Fraser Symmans, Sebastiano Ando, Suzanne A. W. Fuqua
Summary: Mutations in the estrogen receptor alpha gene (ESR1) are common in ER-positive metastatic breast cancer, leading to clinical resistance to aromatase inhibitors. Cells with the ESR1 Y537S mutation exhibit enhanced migration and invasion potential, and can become the predominant population in distant metastases. Androgen receptor (AR) levels are increased in mutant models, and AR agonists may play a role in inhibiting estrogen-regulated gene expression and distant metastasis in vivo.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haifeng Liu, Hanyong Jin, Guenhwi Kim, Jeehyeon Bae
Summary: This study demonstrates that BPA at very low concentrations can increase expression of FOXL2, leading to enhanced levels of CYP19A1 and production of estradiol in human ovarian granulosa cells. The molecular signaling cascade involving BPA-CTNNB1-FOXL2-CYP19A1-E2 contributes to the endocrine-disrupting activities of BPA in human ovarian granulosa cells.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Silvia Cecilia Pacheco-Velazquez, Ingrid Itzayanna Ortega-Mejia, Jorge Luis Vargas-Navarro, Joaquin Alberto Padilla-Flores, Diana Xochiquetzal Robledo-Cadena, Gabriela Tapia-Martinez, Ignacio Penalosa-Castro, Jose Luis Aguilar-Ponce, Juan Carlos Granados-Rivas, Rafael Moreno-Sanchez, Sara Rodriguez-Enriquez
Summary: 17-beta estradiol (E2) regulates cancer cell energy metabolism in ER+ breast cancer, promoting tumor growth and invasion. Anti-mitochondrial therapy may be beneficial in deterring hormone-dependent breast carcinoma.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Lian Ren, Fang Li, Ziyang Di, Yan Xiong, Shichen Zhang, Qing Ma, Xiaoen Bian, Zhiquan Lang, Qifa Ye, Yanfeng Wang
Summary: This study found that females have less extensive kidney damage in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) compared to males. However, this protection diminishes after menopause, suggesting a role for estrogen in IRI. The study revealed that estradiol (E-2) supplementation ameliorates kidney injury and fibrosis in female rats, and the levels of TGF-beta RI are increased in ovariectomized rats. Further investigation showed that ER alpha could negatively regulate the expression of TGF-beta RI and that ER alpha knockdown blocked E-2-mediated protection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
E. M. Ferranti, B. H. Aloqaily, C. A. Gifford, K. K. Forrest, C. A. Loest, J. C. Wenzel, J. A. Hernandez Gifford
Summary: This study demonstrated that low doses of LPS can affect follicular dynamics and hormone levels, potentially modulated through the regulation of beta-catenin on estradiol concentrations.
DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Jing Zhang, Feng Zhang, Yanou Wang
Summary: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with mitochondrial damage, specifically due to increased mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact. Hyperglycemia induces this contact in cardiomyocytes, but silencing of Mfn2 can protect against mitochondrial dysfunction, calcium overload, apoptosis, and ER stress, enhancing cardiomyocyte survival under high-glucose conditions.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xu Tian, Shujie Lou, Rengfei Shi
Summary: Sarcopenia, a degenerative muscle condition in older adults, is linked to loss of mitochondrial integrity and decreased sex hormones. Damaged mitochondria, caused by age-related impairments in various mitochondrial quality control processes, contribute to muscle mass decline. Additionally, decreased levels of sex hormones such as 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone also play a role in mitochondrial dysfunction and sarcopenia. This review examines the mechanisms behind mitochondrial dysfunction in sarcopenia and the potential therapeutic approaches.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuvadeep Maity, Pragya Komal, Vaishali Kumar, Anshika Saxena, Ayesha Tungekar, Vaani Chandrasekar
Summary: Accumulation of misfolded proteins is common in neurodegenerative diseases, particularly those caused by abnormal PolyQ expansions. The disruption of protein homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway are linked to the development of Huntington's disease (HD). Furthermore, proteins at ER-mitochondria contact sites (MAMs) play a significant role in HD progression. This review provides updated information on UPR pathways and their involvement in HD, as well as the role of MAMs in disease progression. Therapeutic interventions focusing on ER stress response proteins and ER-mitochondrial contact proteins are discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chun-cao Xu, Yi-fan Lin, Mu-yang Huang, Xiao-lei Zhang, Pei Wang, Ming-qing Huang, Jin-jian Lu
Summary: Inducing cell death is a potential strategy for cancer therapy due to the sustained proliferative potential of cancer cells. Paraptosis, characterized by endoplasmic reticulum and/or mitochondrial swelling and cytoplasmic vacuolization, is a less investigated mode of cell death. Evidence shows that paraptosis can be triggered by various chemical compounds, particularly in cancer cells, suggesting its potential application in cancer therapy. However, there are significant gaps in our understanding of the role of paraptosis in cancer.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marie M. Devillers, Sakina Mhaouty-Kodja, Celine J. Guigon
Summary: Mini-puberty of infancy is a short developmental phase after birth, characterized by transient and robust activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis in females. This phase is marked by increased levels of gonadotropin hormones, follicular growth, and enhanced estradiol production. The role of estradiol signaling in this phase is not fully understood, but it has been suggested to play a crucial role in the development and function of organs involved in female reproduction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
A. Romiti, F. Moro, L. Ricci, C. Codeca, F. Pozzati, M. Viggiano, R. Vicario, I. Fabietti, G. Scambia, P. Bagolan, A. C. Testa, L. Caforio
Summary: This retrospective study examined 51 fetal ovarian cysts in 48 fetuses and reclassified the cysts using IOTA terminology. The results showed that anechoic cysts and cysts with low-level content often resolved spontaneously, while cysts with ground-glass, hemorrhagic, mixed, or undefined content were frequently associated with postoperative necrosis.
ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Marco Filetti, Pasquale Lombardi, Raffaele Giusti, Rosa Falcone, Florian Scotte, Diana Giannarelli, Antonella Carcagni, Valeria Altamura, Giovanni Scambia, Gennaro Daniele
Summary: This study provides an up-to-date estimate of the efficacy and safety of different combinations used for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Overall, 3- or 4-drug regimens containing dexamethasone, 5-HT3 antagonists, mirtazapine or olanzapine showed the highest probability of being the most effective in terms of complete response. Regimens containing dexamethasone and 5-HT3 antagonist had the lowest probability of being the most effective in terms of complete, acute, and delayed response.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Andrea Busnelli, Andrea Garolla, Chiara Tersigni, Vittorio Parodi, Annalisa Inversetti, Paolo Emanuele Levi-Setti, Giovanni Scambia, Nicoletta Di Simone
Summary: This study aimed to test the association between human papilloma virus (HPV) sperm infection and idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). The results showed that the prevalence of HPV DNA sperm infection was significantly higher in couples affected by RPL than in their fertile counterparts. Approximately 1 out of 5 males in the affected couples had HPV sperm infection.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Camilla Di Dio, Giorgio Bogani, Violante Di Donato, Ilaria Cuccu, Ludovico Muzii, Lucia Musacchio, Giovanni Scambia, Domenica Lorusso
Summary: Endometrial cancer is a heterogeneous disease with specific genomic, molecular, and biological features. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors have shown promising results in the treatment of advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. The combination of pembrolizumab and lenvatinib has become the new standard second-line treatment, regardless of the MMR status. Further studies are exploring the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors and PARP inhibitors in combination therapy.
GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Floriana Mascilini, Lorena Quagliozzi, Mariateresa Mirandola, Francesca Moro, Nicoletta D'Alessandris, Francesca De Felice, Antonia Carla Testa, Giovanni Scambia, Anna Fagotti
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of pathological diagnosis by transvaginal ultrasound-guided biopsy versus surgery in patients with suspicious primary advanced tubo-ovarian carcinoma. The results showed that ultrasound-guided biopsy is a feasible, safe, and accurate method to provide histological diagnosis in these patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ilaria Trestini, Alberto Caldart, Marco Cintoni, Isabella Sperduti, Alessandro Drudi, Gregorio Aluffi, Elena Fiorio, Veronica Parolin, Valentina Zambonin, Sara Zanelli, Daniela Tregnago, Alice Avancini, Sara Pilotto, Irene Aprili, Emanuela Zandona, Mirko D'Onofrio, Maria Cristina Mele, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Scambia, Giampaolo Tortora, Michele Milella, Emilio Bria, Luisa Carbognin
Summary: This study evaluated the changes in body composition during neoadjuvant chemotherapy and its association with pathologic complete response and survival outcome in patients treated for operable locally advanced breast cancer.
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Paul DiSilvestro, Susana Banerjee, Nicoletta Colombo, Giovanni Scambia, Byoung-Gie Kim, Ana Oaknin, Michael Friedlander, Alla Lisyanskaya, Anne Floquet, Alexandra Leary, Gabe S. Sonke, Charlie Gourley, Amit Oza, Antonio Gonzalez-Martin, Carol Aghajanian, William Bradley, Cara Mathews, Joyce Liu, John McNamara, Elizabeth S. Lowe, Mei-Lin Ah-See, Kathleen N. Moore
Summary: Due to nonspecific symptoms and inadequate screening, ovarian cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, resulting in low survival rates. The PARP inhibitor olaparib has shown significant benefits in newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer patients with a BRCA mutation. The SOLO1/GOG 3004 study found that olaparib treatment resulted in prolonged progression-free survival up to 2 years and showed potential overall survival benefits up to 7 years. However, further analysis is needed to confirm the statistical significance.
OBSTETRICAL & GYNECOLOGICAL SURVEY
(2023)
Article
Andrology
Andrea Busnelli, Andrea Garolla, Elena Di Credico, Silvia D'Ippolito, Anna Maria Merola, Domenico Milardi, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Giovanni Scambia, Nicoletta Di Simone
Summary: This study found that sperm DNA fragmentation is significantly higher in men associated with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss, but not with infertility. These findings provide important evidence for the role of sperm DNA fragmentation in idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss.
Article
Oncology
David Cibula, Huseyin Akilli, Jiri Jarkovsky, Luc van Lonkhuijzen, Giovanni Scambia, Mehmet Mutlu Meydanli, David Isla Ortiz, Henrik Falconer, Nadeem R. Abu-Rustum, Diego Odetto, Jaroslav Klat, Ricardo dos Reis, Ignacio Zapardiel, Giampaolo Di Martino, Jiri Presl, Rene Laky, Aldo Lopez, Vit Weinberger, Andreas Obermair, Rene Pareja, Renata Poncova, Constantijne Mom, Nicolo Bizzarri, Martina Borcinova, Koray Aslan, Rosa Angelica Salcedo Hernandez, Guus Fons, Klara Benesova, Lukas Dostalek, Ali Ayhan
Summary: This study investigated the survival benefit of adjuvant (chemo)radiation after radical surgery in intermediate-risk early-stage cervical cancer patients and found that adjuvant treatment did not significantly improve disease-free and overall survival rates.
GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Lucia Musacchio, Margherita Turinetto, Laura Arenare, Michele Bartoletti, Daniela Califano, Valentina Tuninetti, Claudia Marchetti, Gennaro Cormio, Vera Loizzi, Carmela Pisano, Vanda Salutari, Giorgio Valabrega, Domenico Priolo, Sabrina Chiara Cecere, Jole Ventriglia, Francesco Raspagliesi, Francesco Perrone, Anna Fagotti, Domenica Lorusso, Giovanni Scambia, Sandro Pignata
Summary: The study aimed to explore the efficacy of Bevacizumab (Bev) in the treatment of advanced low grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) in both first-line and recurrent settings. The results showed that Bev combined with chemotherapy significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) in LGSOC patients compared to chemotherapy alone, both in first-line and recurrent treatments. These findings suggest that Bev may be an effective treatment option for LGSOC.
GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Carlo Maria Cicala, Lucia Musacchio, Giovanni Scambia, Domenica Lorusso
Summary: Immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) reverse the immunosuppressive phenotype of cancer cells, allowing the host immune system to generate an immune response against the tumor. One of the key mechanisms targeted by ICB is the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, which inhibits T-cell proliferation and leads to exhaustion. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies are now the main treatment for advanced stage tumors. Dostarlimab, a novel IgG4 anti-PD-1 antibody, has shown remarkable results in certain types of cancer.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Domenico D'Amario, Renzo Laborante, Agni Delvinioti, Jacopo Lenkowicz, Chiara Iacomini, Carlotta Masciocchi, Alice Luraschi, Andrea Damiani, Daniele Rodolico, Attilio Restivo, Giuseppe Ciliberti, Donato Antonio Paglianiti, Francesco Canonico, Stefano Patarnello, Alfredo Cesario, Vincenzo Valentini, Giovanni Scambia, Filippo Crea
Summary: This study developed an HF DataMart framework for managing data of heart failure patients. It includes a data repository and predictive models to support clinical decision-making and disease monitoring. By leveraging real-world data, this framework can improve healthcare services for heart failure patients.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Mariateresa Mirandola, Benedetta Gui, Angelica Naldini, Nazario Foschi, Viola Casula, Antonia Carla Testa, Giovanni Scambia, Ursula Catena
Summary: This article reports a case of persistent urogenital sinus (PUGS) in an adult female associated with complex Mullerian malformation. The condition was diagnosed through the integration of gynecological ultrasound and hysteroscopy performed by expert operators. Ultrasound guided endoscopy played a crucial role in achieving a dynamic one-stop diagnosis, avoiding delays and misdiagnosis caused by the separate application of different radiological and endoscopic techniques in preoperative assessment.
FRONTIERS IN SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Carlo Ticconi, Elena Nicastri, Silvia D'Ippolito, Carlo Chiaramonte, Adalgisa Pietropolli, Giovanni Scambia, Nicoletta Di Simone
Summary: This study investigated the risk factors for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in 843 women by using a patient-based approach. The study found several factors related to RPL, including genital infections, uterine anatomic defects, endocrine disorders, thrombophilias, autoimmune abnormalities, parental karyotype abnormalities, and clinical factors. The number of abnormalities found was correlated with an increased number of pregnancy losses. Age >= 35 years, MTHFR A1298C heterozygote mutation, and certain clinical factors showed different associations with RPL occurring 2 times versus >= 3 times. The diagnostic approach used in this study can be clinically useful and serve as a basis for future research.
ARCHIVES OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Rosa Falcone, Pasquale Lombardi, Marco Filetti, Alessandra Fabi, Valeria Altamura, Giovanni Scambia, Gennaro Daniele
Summary: This study investigated the molecular and clinical characteristics of 38 patients with advanced breast cancer, and found that 14% of patients benefited from targeted therapy based on molecular analysis, resulting in prolonged progression-free survival. However, the real benefit of these treatments still needs to be evaluated in larger cohorts.
