Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Romain Costil, Mira Holzheimer, Stefano Crespi, Nadja A. Simeth, Ben L. Feringa
Summary: Molecular photoactuators can control the shape and properties of responsive systems through supramolecular interactions, allowing work to be done at micro- and macroscopic scales. Stereochmical cascades within photoresponsive structures can amplify motion to distant components, offering potential in designing the smallest imaginable machines.
Article
Microbiology
Jonathan P. P. Jacobs, Venu Lagishetty, Megan C. C. Hauer, Jennifer S. S. Labus, Tien S. S. Dong, Ryan Toma, Momchilo Vuyisich, Bruce D. D. Naliboff, Jeffrey M. M. Lackner, Arpana Gupta, Kirsten Tillisch, Emeran A. A. Mayer
Summary: This study used multi-omics assessment methods to explore the changes in gut microbiome function in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and identified new microbial biomarkers. The findings support the application of integrated assessment of microbial function in IBS research, and contribute to the discovery of novel microbiome-related therapeutic targets.
Article
Immunology
Yuxia Liu, Wenhui Li, Hongxia Yang, Xiaoying Zhang, Wenxiu Wang, Sitong Jia, Beibei Xiang, Yi Wang, Lin Miao, Han Zhang, Lin Wang, Yujing Wang, Jixiang Song, Yingjie Sun, Lijuan Chai, Xiaoxuan Tian
Summary: This study analyzed 16S rRNA gene sequencing data from multiple studies and found no significant differences in community structures between IBS and healthy controls at the amplicon sequence variants (ASV) level, but machine learning methods could differentiate IBS patients at the genus level. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis identified 97 biomarkers across all studies.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Arjun Gandhi, Ayesha Shah, Michael P. Jones, Natasha Koloski, Nicholas J. Talley, Mark Morrison, Gerald Holtmann
Summary: The systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that methane-positive SIBO is more prevalent in IBS, particularly in IBS-C, compared to controls, while it is less common in patients with IBD. In patients with IBD, methane-positive SIBO was significantly lower in Crohn's disease compared to ulcerative colitis. More studies are needed to establish a causal relationship due to the low quality of evidence and clinical heterogeneity in the current studies.
Article
Physiology
Wenjuan Fan, Xiucai Fang, Chaojun Hu, Guijun Fei, Qiyun Xiao, Yongzhe Li, Xiaoqing Li, Jackie D. Wood, Xuan Zhang
Summary: Immune activation and autoantibodies might play a role in the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The study aimed to identify serum biomarkers for IBS using HuProt (TM) microarray. The results showed that a combination of autoantibodies could differentiate IBS from healthy controls, but no specific autoantibodies could serve as serum biomarkers for IBS.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maria Ines Pinto-Sanchez, Andrea Nardelli, Rajka Borojevic, Giada De Palma, Natalia Causada Calo, Justin McCarville, Alberto Caminero, Daniel Basra, Alexa Mordhorst, Ekatherina Ignatova, Suzanne Hansen, Melanie Uhde, Gary L. Norman, Joseph A. Murray, Edgardo Smecuol, David Armstrong, Julio C. Bai, Detlef Schuppan, Stephen M. Collins, Armin Alaedini, Paul Moayyedi, Elena F. Verdu, Premysl Bercik
Summary: Patients with antigliadin IgG and IgA in IBS showed improvement in symptoms, particularly diarrhea, on a gluten-free diet. The presence of these antibodies was associated with overall reductions in symptoms, with improvements in pain and mental health. Larger studies are needed to validate these findings.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Urology & Nephrology
Franck Bihl, Gerard Lambeau
Summary: The study introduces a novel animal model where human PLA2R1 is expressed in mouse podocytes. The transgenic mice spontaneously develop anti-human PLA2R1 antibodies and exhibit membranous nephropathy-like features. This model raises questions about the mechanism of antibody production and the establishment of a bona fide animal model of membranous nephropathy.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Xue Zhu, Gaichao Hong, Ying Li, Pengshuo Yang, Mingyue Cheng, Lei Zhang, Yuxue Li, Lei Ji, Gangping Li, Chaoyun Chen, Chaofang Zhong, Yu Jin, Min Yang, Hanhua Xiong, Wei Qian, Zhen Ding, Kang Ning, Xiaohua Hou
Summary: This study revealed that the intestinal microbial community in IBS-D patients exhibited specific patterns at different intestinal sites, with the microbial community in the rectal mucosa being more applicable for diagnosis. The specific microbes in the rectal mucosa, such as Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Oscillospira, could accurately distinguish IBS-D from healthy controls, indicating the potential of the intestinal microbial community in better diagnosing IBS-D patients.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Francis Agada, Zameer Abbas, Khush Bakht, Asad Muhammad Khan, Umar Farooq, Muhammad Bilal, Muhammad Arshad, Abdul Faheem Khan, Afzal Hussain Kamboh, Ahson Jabbar Shaikh
Summary: This study fabricates complete quantum dot based hole and electron transport layers for perovskite solar cells using hybrid compositions including carbon and inorganic based quantum dots. By plotting and extrapolating experimental efficiency against the percentage composition of quantum dots in the electron transport layer, the unknown efficiencies of other compositions can be estimated with a minimal set-up. The smart minimal set-up design allows for maximum information extraction in a minimum time period for a range of perovskite solar cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Edgar Torres-Maravilla, Sophie Holowacz, Johanne Delannoy, Loic Lenoir, Elsa Jacouton, Sandie Gervason, Maeva Meynier, Anne-Sophie Boucard, Frederic A. Carvalho, Frederic Barbut, Luis G. Bermudez-Humaran, Philippe Langella, Anne-Judith Waligora-Dupriet
Summary: Probiotic supplementation can help to mitigate the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) by reinforcing the intestinal barrier and reducing inflammation and proteolytic activity. In vitro tests were performed on 33 Bifidobacterium strains to screen for probiotic candidates for IBS. Three serpin-positive strains were selected for their immunomodulation properties and protection of intestinal epithelial integrity. The B. breve CNCM I-5644 strain was shown to prevent intestinal hyperpermeability and restore barrier function in murine models of low-grade inflammation and IBS.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jonathan P. Jacobs, Arpana Gupta, Ravi R. Bhatt, Jacob Brawer, Kan Gao, Kirsten Tillisch, Venu Lagishetty, Rebecca Firth, Gregory D. Gudleski, Benjamin M. Ellingson, Jennifer S. Labus, Bruce D. Naliboff, Jeffrey M. Lackner, Emeran A. Mayer
Summary: This study found that pre-treatment intestinal microbiota and serotonin levels can predict the response to CBT in IBS patients. Responders to CBT showed changes in brain connectivity and microbiome post-treatment, indicating potential top-down effects of the brain on the microbiome during CBT.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Igor Veselovskii, Qiaoyun Hu, Philippe Goloub, Thierry Podvin, Boris Barchunov, Mikhail Korenskii
Summary: This paper presents an approach to detect the variability in aerosol type using fluorescence and Mie-Raman lidar observations. By combining the fluorescence backscattering coefficient and particle depolarization ratio at high spatiotemporal resolution, aerosol classification can be achieved.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Katharina Sophie Seeling, Leonida Hehl, Mara Sophie Vell, Miriam Daphne Rendel, Kate Townsend Creasy, Christian Trautwein, David Marc Anton Mehler, Daniel Keszthelyi, Kai Markus Schneider, Carolin Victoria Schneider
Summary: This study analyzed data from 20,603 self-reported physician-diagnosed IBS patients and 7,656 IBS patients diagnosed by ICD-10, and found a significant association between IBS patients and several comorbidities, including gastrointestinal diseases, psychiatric disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and endocrine/metabolic disorders. Additionally, the study identified an increased level of the serum metabolite GlycA in IBS patients, which could serve as a potential biomarker for IBS.
UNITED EUROPEAN GASTROENTEROLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Roxana Cristina Rimbas, Anca Balinisteanu, Stefania Lucia Magda, Simona Ionela Visoiu, Andrea Olivia Ciobanu, Elena Beganu, Alina Ioana Nicula, Dragos Vinereanu
Summary: This review explores the utility of novel specific non-invasive imaging parameters and biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, prognosis, risk stratification, and monitoring of therapeutic response in ATTR-CM. Additionally, it discusses different potential pathways involved in the pathophysiology of ATTR-CM, such as inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and myocardial fibrosis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lorena Ortega Moreno, Pilar Navarro Sanchez, Raquel Abalo
Summary: Lipidomics is a promising method for analyzing lipid molecules in biological samples. It is considered as a branch of metabolomics and has potential applications in disease prognosis and diagnosis, as well as in the study of intestinal diseases and tumor progression.
CURRENT DRUG TARGETS
(2022)
