Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sho T. Yamaguchi, Jun Tomita, Kazuhiko Kume
Summary: Insulin signaling in specific neurons regulates sleep in fruit flies. Insulin-like ligands and the insulin receptor are involved in the regulation of sleep behavior in fruit flies. This study provides important insights into the neural mechanisms of sleep regulation.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Smilja Todorovic, Valentina Simeunovic, Milica Prvulovic, Tamara Dakic, Tanja Jevdjovic, Srdjan Sokanovic, Selma Kanazir, Aleksandra Mladenovic
Summary: Insulin plays a key role in peripheral glucose regulation, but also affects brain function and cognitive performance. Dietary restriction has been shown to delay neurodegenerative processes associated with aging, but the timing and duration of the restriction may be important factors in its effectiveness.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Moxuan Feng, Yani Yu, Yueqi Chen, Xiaoqian Yang, Baoshuang Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: Hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN) is a main type of secondary glomerular diseases, and podocyte injury is an important pathogenic mechanism of HBV-GN, participating in the occurrence and development of HBV-GN. However, the specific mechanism of podocyte injury remains to be studied.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Leonard Clinton D'Souza, Shiwangi Dwivedi, Faiza Raihan, Undiganalu Gangadharappa Yathisha, Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Bangera Sheshappa Mamatha, Anurag Sharma
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between benzene-induced immune dysfunction and developmental toxicity in a genetically tractable animal model. It also explores the protective role of Hsp70 against benzene-induced immunotoxicity and developmental impact.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Can Zhang, Keon Mook Seong, Weilin Sun, Omprakash Mittapalli, Baoli Qiu, John M. Clark, Barry R. Pittendrigh
Summary: The study demonstrates a novel strategy to attenuate insecticide resistance by targeting fundamental energy-associated pathways, specifically focusing on PEPCK and GSK3β-PO proteins. Inhibitors for PEPCK and GSK3β-PO, hydrazine sulfate and lithium chloride respectively, have shown to decrease DDT resistance phenotype, with PEPCK inhibitor resulting in a more significant effect. This research reveals the potential role of IIS genes in DDT resistance and the discovery of a potential Achilles' heel against pesticide resistance in this pathway.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yinghao Wang, Guanfu Liu, Xutao Liu, Minhua Chen, Yuping Zeng, Yuyan Li, Xiaoyun Wu, Xuanjun Wang, Jun Sheng
Summary: This study investigates the effect of serpentine on insulin regulation of blood glucose through insulin receptors. The results show that serpentine can bind to insulin receptors, enhance insulin signaling pathway, and increase glucose uptake in cells. In a diabetic mouse model, serpentine prolongs the hypoglycemic effect of insulin, reduces the use of exogenous insulin, and inhibits endogenous insulin secretion. Therefore, serpentine may serve as an insulin sensitizer to assist in lowering blood glucose.
Article
Neurosciences
Sho T. Yamaguchi, Riho Kobayashi, Jun Tomita, Kazuhiko Kume
Summary: This study discovered that insulin signaling regulates the circadian rhythm in fruit flies. Lack of insulin receptor or downstream signaling molecules leads to shortened circadian period and diminished amplitude. It also found that insulin signaling plays a role in regulating circadian rhythm and affects metabolism and behavior.
NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cinzia Volonte, Francesca Alberti, Giuseppe Vitale, Francesco Liguori
Summary: Fruit flies are still widely used in scientific research as a genetic model due to their simplicity, low cost, and similarity to human genes. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of purinergic events in fruit flies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Chunzhu Song, Kendal Broadie
Summary: Drosophila models of neurological disease, particularly the FXS model, have greatly contributed to our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms and neurological phenotypes of fragile X syndrome, and have provided potential therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Myung-Jun Kim, Michael B. O'Connor
Summary: The Activin pathway in Drosophila regulates larval muscle geometry and body size by promoting the activation of the InR/TORC1 pathway and the regulation of Mhc protein levels. This pathway also influences muscle fiber length, whether through positive regulation or despite a decrease in Mhc levels.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hui Xue, Xingxing Huang, Guofeng Chang, Weihua Ma, J. Joe Hull, Lizhen Chen
Summary: This study investigated the reproductive capacity of Adelphocoris suturalis through RNAi-mediated knockdown, revealing that knockdown of AsIRS1 significantly reduced egg maturation and had effects on lifetime fecundity, egg hatch rate, and other reproductive parameters. These findings suggest that the insulin signaling pathway, particularly IRS1, plays a key role in the reproductive development of A. suturalis.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julio Sevillano, Maria Gracia Sanchez-Alonso, Javier Pizarro-Delgado, Maria del Pilar Ramos-Alvarez
Summary: Changes in lifestyle in developed countries have led to the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Identifying potential therapeutic targets and early biomarkers is crucial in addressing these metabolic diseases. The role of protein tyrosine phosphatases in insulin signaling cascade and secretion is significant in metabolic diseases like obesity and T2DM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erina Iwabuchi, Yasuhiro Miki, Takashi Suzuki, Hisashi Hirakawa, Takanori Ishida, Hironobu Sasano
Summary: The study investigated the biological functions of hnRNPK in the ER-mediated signaling pathway in breast cancer, finding that hnRNPK interacts with ER alpha and is involved in this pathway. Additionally, hnRNPK expression could potentially be a target for endocrine therapy in ER alpha-positive breast cancer patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Jose Esteban-Collado, Montserrat Corominas, Florenci Serras
Summary: The study showed that in Drosophila wing, PI3K Akt signaling is crucial for Ask1 to activate p38, but not JNK. Nutrient restriction or mutations targeting specific residues of Drosophila Ask1 protein can block regeneration, which can be reversed by ectopic activation of p38.
Article
Cell Biology
Liang Yuh Chew, Heng Zhang, Jianzheng He, Fengwei Yu
Summary: The Nrf2-Keap1 pathway plays a cell-autonomous role in governing neuronal remodeling during Drosophila metamorphosis, activated downstream of the steroid hormone ecdysone. It regulates dendrite pruning through proteasomal degradation, independent of its canonical antioxidant response pathway. This study reveals an epistatic link between the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway and steroid hormone signaling in neuronal remodeling.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Xiangge Meng, Chengping Li, Yu Hei, Xiang Zhou, Guoli Zhou
Summary: The study used IVT-SAPAS sequencing to analyze the dynamic changes of APA sites during adipogenesis in bovine subcutaneous preadipocytes and intramuscular preadipocytes. The results showed that APA plays an important role in adipocyte differentiation, and UTR-APA switching genes have different trends, with intramuscular preadipocytes tending to use shorter 3'UTR for differentiation. TRIB3, WWTR1, and INSIG1 play important roles in intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
S. Alizadeh, S. Khamse, N. Tajeddin, H. R. Khorram Khorshid, A. Delbari, M. Ohadi
Summary: This study identifies a specific genotype at a CG-rich trinucleotide short tandem repeat (STR) locus that is associated with late-onset neurocognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shougang Liu, Zhe Zhuang, Fanghua Liu, Xiuqing Yuan, Zeqiao Zhang, Xiaoqian Liang, Xinhui Li, Yongfeng Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effect and mechanism of RPL9 and TIFA in scalp psoriasis, and identified RPL9 as a potential therapeutic target for scalp psoriasis.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shiting Wang, Jiaqi Chen, Zhichao Jin, Ying Xing, Ruiping Wang
Summary: This study suggests a causal association between hair color and skin cancers, with light hair colors (red, blonde, and light brown) being associated with an increased risk and dark brown hair being associated with a decreased risk.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Joseph Hawadak, Loick Pradel Kojom Foko, Rodrigue Roman Dongang Nana, Karmveer Yadav, Veena Pande, Aparup Das, Vineeta Singh
Summary: This study investigates the genetic diversity and natural selection of the Pfama-1 gene in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Cameroon. The study finds a considerable nucleotide and haplotype diversity, as well as specific mutations in Cameroonian isolates. Positive diversifying selection and the identification of selected codon sites suggest the potential implication of these genetic variations in host immune pressure and parasite-binding complex modulation. The findings provide valuable baseline data for malaria vaccine design.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Emily Biernat, Mansi Verma, Chhabi K. Govind
Summary: RSC is an essential ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It regulates nucleosome-depleted regions (NDRs) by sliding flanking nucleosomes away from NDRs. Depletion of RSC leads to nucleosome encroachment in NDRs and transcription initiation defects. The study compared the effects of catalytic-dead Sth1 and rapid depletion of Sth1 on transcription. Rapid depletion of Sth1 reduces recruitment of TBP and Pol II, while the catalytic-dead mutant exhibits a severe reduction in TBP binding but accumulates Pol II in coding regions. The results suggest a role for RSC in transcription elongation and termination processes.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yunxiao Wei, Yuhan Song, Muhammad Aamir Khan, Chengzhen Liang, Zhigang Meng, Yuan Wang, Sandui Guo, Rui Zhang
Summary: This study analyzed the GhTPP protein family in upland cotton for the first time and identified the important role of GhTPPA_2 in regulating sugar metabolism, improving soluble sugar accumulation, and drought stress tolerance.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yannan Geng, Rui Shao, Tiantong Xu, Lilong Zhang
Summary: A novel risk model based on SCUBE3, TNNC1, SPON1, SEPT12 and ULBP1 genes was developed for predicting PMOP risk, with higher risk score indicating higher risk of suffering from PMOP. Significant differences in signaling pathway activities were observed between the high-risk score group and the low-risk score group.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Randy P. Williams, Corina Lesseur, Haoxiang Cheng, Qian Li, Maya Deyssenroth, Christopher D. Molteno, Ernesta M. Meintjes, Sandra W. Jacobson, Joseph L. Jacobson, Helen Wainwright, Ke Hao, Jia Chen, R. Colin Carter
Summary: The study suggests that heavy alcohol exposure during pregnancy may impact the proportion of fetal placental villi macrophages and increase the expression of inflammatory genes. Further research is needed to explore these effects and evaluate the potential functional roles of placental inflammation in FASD.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Lvjing Luo, Lishuang Sun, Shu Li, Huiting Liu, Zhengyu Chen, Shi Huang, Yinyin Mo, Genliang Li
Summary: This study analyzed the expression of Ptpn1 and miR-124-3p in testicular tissues of mice and investigated their regulatory relationship. The results showed that Ptpn1 expression was up-regulated in adult mouse testis compared to juvenile mouse testis, while miR-124-3p expression showed an opposite pattern. Further analysis suggested that the down-regulation of miR-124-3p may contribute to the high expression of Ptpn1 in adult mouse testis.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Gairui Li, Dan Zhao, Xiaolin Peng, Yashuang Zhao
Summary: MiRNA-22 shows potential as a candidate for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). The study found higher miR-22 expression levels in the CRC and CRA groups, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for CRC early screening.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zhongqiu Zhu, Qianting Yang, Xiaoying Tian, Da Man, Jian Wang, Junfang Zhang, Bingshe Han
Summary: This study constructed a ceRNA network mediated by lncRNAs in cold-acclimated zebrafish ZF4 cells and revealed that upregulation of MSTRG3207 promotes apoptosis by sponging dre-miR-736 during cold acclimation.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Weitao Chen, Denggao Xiang, Shang Gao, Shuli Zhu, Zhi Wu, Yuefei Li, Jie Li
Summary: Dam construction has negatively impacted the genetic diversity and structure of fish populations. This case study on the endangered Hemibagrus guttatus found low genetic diversity, high levels of inbreeding, and decreasing population size in fragmented populations. Genetic structure and differentiation were also observed, indicating the influence of dams on these fish populations.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Pooja Singh, Debleena Guin, Bijay Pattnaik, Ritushree Kukreti
Summary: Through systematic literature review and meta-analysis, it was found that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is significantly associated with 222 polymorphisms in 118 genes. Four polymorphisms - rs35705950/MUC5B, rs2736100/TERT, rs2076295/DSP, and rs111521887/TOLLIP, exhibited substantial epidemiological evidence supporting their association with IPF risk.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jianping Zhang, Zhijun Cai, Fanzhe Feng, Yufeng Peng, Yi Cui, Yongiqing Xu
Summary: This study found that exosomes secreted by young BMSCs can promote the healing of tendon-bone interface after rotator cuff tears. These exosomes can improve extracellular matrix remodeling, osteogenic differentiation, angiogenesis, and stemness of tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs). The exosomes from young BMSCs have better effects compared to those from aged BMSCs.