Article
Neurosciences
Naoya Hasegawa, Shintaro Tanaka, Hiroki Mani, Takahiro Inoue, Yun Wang, Kazuhiko Watanabe, Tadayoshi Asaka
Summary: This study compared the effects of compensatory-step training with and without predictable perturbations on backward stepping against unpredictable perturbations. It was found that both unpredictable and predicted PBT improved step characteristics during backward stepping, with predicted perturbations also enhancing feedback postural control at step contact.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aaron N. N. Best, Amy R. R. Wu
Summary: Healthy humans can maintain stability when facing diverse walking conditions, and this proficiency is achieved through control strategies that are yet to be fully understood. Laboratory-based research previously suggested that corrective stepping is the primary strategy, but its applicability in everyday obstacles outside the laboratory is uncertain. This study investigated changes in gait stability behavior during outdoor walking in different seasons and found that winter conditions did not hinder stepping as hypothesized. Instead, the stepping strategy was modified to enhance stability through increasing the anterior-posterior margin of stability, without additional compensation from ankle or trunk strategies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hanatsu Nagano, W. A. Sparrow, Katsuyoshi Mizukami, Eri Sarashina, Rezaul Begg
Summary: In this study, it was found that step length decreases as age increases from 50 to 70 years old, with MFC height decreasing from 60 years old and more variability in MFC appearing in the 70s. More symmetrical gait patterns were associated with higher MFC height.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Paulo H. S. Pelicioni, Stephen R. Lord, Jasmine C. Menant, Carly Chaplin, Collen Canning, Matthew A. Brodie, Daina L. Sturnieks, Yoshiro Okubo
Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness of laboratory-based reactive step training combined with home-based volitional step training in improving balance recovery and stepping ability in people with Parkinson's disease. The results showed that the combined training improved balance recovery, voluntary stepping time, and stepping accuracy in cognitively challenging tests in Parkinson's disease patients.
NEUROREHABILITATION AND NEURAL REPAIR
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Bianca Te, Vicki Komisar, Olivia M. G. Aguiar, Nataliya Shishov, Stephen N. Robinovitch
Summary: Stepping is a common strategy for balance recovery during falls in older adults in long-term care. Steps are aligned with the direction of the fall and tend to be small in size. Factors such as sex, age, fall direction, activity at the time of falling, cause of imbalance, and holding or grasping objects influence the prevalence and characteristics of stepping responses.
Article
Ergonomics
Christer Ahlstrom, Raimondas Zemblys, Svitlana Finer, Katja Kircher
Summary: While the negative effects of alcohol on driving performance are well-known, this study aimed to investigate its impact on driver attention, eye movements, and visual information sampling. The results showed that increasing alcohol concentration led to more dangerous driving behaviors, higher engagement in non-driving related tasks (NDRTs), and a decline in visual attention to the road. Alcohol also hindered the compensatory behavior usually observed during NDRT engagement. These findings indicate that alcohol impairs the ability to shift attention between tasks, contributing to increased crash risk.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Baoli Yin, Yang Liu, Hong Li, Fanhai Zeng
Summary: A family of novel time-stepping methods for fractional calculus operators with a shifted parameter are introduced in this study, showing improved efficiency and stability. The methods include a fast algorithm to reduce computation complexity and memory requirement, as well as correction terms to handle initial singularity of the solution. Stabillity analysis and error estimates are provided, with numerical results confirming the theoretical conclusions and efficiency of the fast algorithm.
APPLIED NUMERICAL MATHEMATICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Woohyoung Jeon, Shuaijie Wang, Tanvi Bhatt, Kelly P. Westlake
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the modulation of arm responses to slip perturbations and its relationship with compensatory stepping stability in older adults. The results showed that older adults had decreased arm response modulation compared to younger adults, and arm elevation velocity was positively correlated with stepping stability. Fall prevention interventions may benefit from focusing on arm elevation velocity control.
Article
Neurosciences
Luis D. Medina, Ellen Woo, Yaneth Rodriguez-Agudelo, Hector Chaparro Maldonado, Dahyun Yi, Giovanni Coppola, Yan Zhou, Helena C. Chui, John M. Ringman
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate attention and working memory in non-demented individuals carrying ADAD mutations using a computerized battery. Results showed that mutation carriers exhibit slower reaction times as they near the age of expected dementia diagnosis, especially on tasks with higher demands on executive function. APOE epsilon 4 status did not impact age-related slowing on cognitive tests in non-carriers or carriers of ADAD mutations.
BRAIN AND COGNITION
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Gautam Singh, Srinivasan Natesan
Summary: The parabolic convection-diffusion-reaction problem is discretized using the NIPG method in space and the DG method in time. Piecewise Lagrange interpolation at Gauss points is used to improve the order of convergence, and the error bound in the discrete energy norm is estimated. The study demonstrates superconvergence properties of the DG method with (k+1)-order convergence in space and (l+1)-order convergence in time, with numerical results confirming the theoretical findings.
NUMERICAL ALGORITHMS
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Sjoerd M. Bruijn, Lizeth H. Sloot, Idsart Kingma, Mirjam Pijnappels
Summary: Arm movements play an important role in balance recovery after tripping in older adults. There are no significant differences in the effects of arm movements between fallers and non-fallers. Older adults can improve their balance recovery by prolonging ongoing arm movements.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Inbal Paran, Hadas Nachmani, Moti Salti, Ilan Shelef, Itshak Melzer
Summary: This study examines the effect of concurrent cognitive task on older adults' balance recovery stepping abilities from unannounced lateral perturbations while walking. The results show that cognitive load does not significantly affect balance recovery reactions in older adults, suggesting a posture first strategy. However, trade-offs between cognitive and postural performances were identified.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Michael Dellnitz, Eyke Huellermeier, Marvin Luecke, Sina Ober-Bloebaum, Christian Offen, Sebastian Peitz, Karlson Pfannschmidt
Summary: Many problems in science and engineering require efficient numerical approximation of integrals or solutions to differential equations. To overcome the limitations of classical schemes, we propose a method that combines simple quadrature rules or ODE solvers with data-driven time-stepping controllers to tailor numerical schemes to the problem class at hand.
SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Yoshiro Okubo, Daniel Schoene, Maria J. D. Caetano, Erika M. Pliner, Yosuke Osuka, Barbara Toson, Stephen R. Lord
Summary: This systematic review demonstrated that stepping performance is a significant risk factor for falls among older adults, with both volitional and reactive step tests being able to distinguish fallers from non-fallers. Step tests showed moderate accuracy in identifying fallers.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Corbin M. Rasmussen, Nathaniel H. Hunt
Summary: This study found that slip onset time is significantly correlated with slip direction, severity, and compensatory stepping responses. As slip onset occurs later in stance, slip severity decreases while compensatory steps become longer and progress from a posterior to anterior placement.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Mackenzie L. Pater, Noah J. Rosenblatt, Mark D. Grabiner
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2016)
Article
Rehabilitation
Jane R. Marone, Noah J. Rosenblatt, Karen L. Troy, Mark D. Grabiner
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2011)
Article
Rehabilitation
Noah J. Rosenblatt, Mark D. Grabiner
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2012)
Review
Physiology
Mark D. Grabiner, Jeremy R. Crenshaw, Christopher P. Hurt, Noah J. Rosenblatt, Karen L. Troy
EXERCISE AND SPORT SCIENCES REVIEWS
(2014)
Article
Neurosciences
Christopher P. Hurt, Noah Rosenblatt, Jeremy R. Crenshaw, Mark D. Grabiner
Article
Neurosciences
Noah J. Rosenblatt, Mark D. Grabiner
Article
Neurosciences
Vennila Krishnan, Noah J. Rosenblatt, Mark L. Latash, Mark D. Grabiner
Article
Biophysics
Jeremy R. Crenshaw, Noah J. Rosenblatt, Christopher P. Hurt, Mark D. Grabiner
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2012)
Article
Rehabilitation
Noah J. Rosenblatt, Angela Bauer, David Rotter, Mark D. Grabiner
JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
(2014)
Letter
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Noah J. Rosenblatt, Jane Marone, Mark D. Grabiner
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2013)
Article
Neurosciences
Christopher P. Hurt, Noah J. Rosenblatt, Mark D. Grabiner
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2011)
Article
Neurosciences
Noah J. Rosenblatt, Christopher P. Hurt, Mark L. Latash, Mark D. Grabiner
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2014)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael Madigan, Noah J. Rosenblatt, Mark D. Grabiner
CURRENT OBESITY REPORTS
(2014)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Mackenzie L. Hoops, Noah J. Rosenblatt, Christopher P. Hurt, Jeremy Crenshaw, Mark D. Grabiner
Article
Neurosciences
Nina Gras, Torsten Brauner, Scott Wearing, Thomas Horstmann
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the challenge posed by progressively unstable balance devices to bipedal stance during early functional rehabilitation in THA patients. The results showed that increasingly compliant balance pads provided a progressive challenge, while the challenge posed by the oscillating platform was lower and independent of the ability to stand independently.
Article
Neurosciences
Sharon M. H. Tsang, Evest H. W. Chan, Jason Y. H. Chan, Gladys P. Y. Huang, Kelly K. T. Lam, Eunice W. Y. Lam, Allan C. L. Fu, Eliza R. Sun
Summary: This study examined the differences in postural adjustments between erect, hyperlordotic, and swayback postures when facing external perturbations. The findings suggest that adopting hyperlordotic and swayback postures alters the contributions of the active and passive subsystems of the spine in postural control, potentially reducing the spine's ability to withstand loading and shear forces.
Article
Neurosciences
Hsin-yi Wang, Cheng-Yi Ho, Min-Chun Pan
Summary: This study investigated the differences in lumbar and hip movements during gait and muscle activities related to knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients and healthy participants. The results showed that KOA patients used a hyperlordotic lumbar and hip flexed strategy, leading to excessive stress on the lower extremity joints during gait.
Article
Neurosciences
Yoshitaka Otani, Osamu Aoki
Summary: This study found that feelings of fear affect postural control but not the internal focus of attention. This finding may be useful in assessments and interventions for older adults with a fall risk.
Article
Neurosciences
Haruki Toda, Hiroaki Hobara, Mitsunori Tada
Summary: This study investigated sex differences in lower limb dynamic joint stiffness (DJS) during walking in older adults. The results showed that ankle DJS was lower in older women, which was caused by the reduced ankle plantarflexion moment. However, knee DJS did not elucidate the cause of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in older women.
Article
Neurosciences
Luis H. Cubillos, Elliott J. Rouse, Thomas E. Augenstein, Varun Joshi, Edward S. Claflin, Chandramouli Krishnan
Summary: The study found that the reliability of stiffness, viscosity, and inertia of the ankle joint was good to excellent during standing. During walking, the reliability of stiffness and viscosity was also good to excellent, while that of inertia was fair to good. The minimal detectable change (MDC) ranged widely, but was higher for inertia during walking.
Article
Neurosciences
Alexandra F. Dejong Lempke, Danielle L. Hunt, Sarah B. Willwerth, Pierre A. d'Hemecourt, William P. Meehan III, Kristin E. Whitney
Summary: Adolescent athletes alter their gait patterns throughout a marathon race, and there are correlations between biomechanical features and race performance among young marathoners.
Article
Neurosciences
Ali Esmaeili, Sayed Esmaeil Hosseininejad, Amirali Jafarnezhadgero, Valdeci Carlos Dionisio
Summary: This study investigates the effects of footwear type, navicular drop and ankle pronation on lower limb joint stiffness during running. The results show that navicular drop and dynamic ankle pronation do not affect joint stiffness, but footwear type significantly affects joint stiffness. Conventional footwear increases ankle and hip joint stiffness while reducing knee joint stiffness, which may have implications for injury risk.
Article
Neurosciences
Takahiro Watanabe, Tomoya Takabayashi, Takanori Kikumoto, Yudai Kikuchi, Shunsuke Suzuki, Shiori Hiratsuka, Masayoshi Kubo
Summary: This study suggests that there are differences in abductor hallucis activity between individuals with chronic ankle instability and ankle sprain copers, indicating neuromuscular dysfunction in these patients, which leads to pain and instability symptoms.
Letter
Neurosciences
Susan M. Linder, Mandy Miller Koop, Jay L. Alberts
Article
Neurosciences
Elza van Duijnhoven, Marit van der Veen, Fieke S. Koopman, Frans Nollet, Sjoerd M. Bruijn, Merel-Anne Brehm
Summary: Gait stability is impaired in polio survivors with plantarflexor weakness, characterized by increased step width and step length variability and lower MoSAP. These factors are related to the elevated energy cost of walking in polio survivors.
Article
Neurosciences
Rebecca Hemming, Alister du Rose, Liba Sheeran, Robert van Deursen, Valerie Sparkes
Summary: In a forward bending task, there is a relationship between trunk muscle activation and regional thoracic and lumbar kinematics in NSCLBP subgroups, indicating different motor control strategies adopted by different subgroups when performing bending tasks.
Review
Neurosciences
Carina Pohle, Linda Becker, Jochen Baumeister
Summary: This systematic review is the first to compile evidence on the effect of the menstrual cycle on postural control. The evidence regarding the influence of the menstrual cycle on postural control is unclear. However, a trend of decreased postural control from the early follicular phase to the ovulatory phase was observed in balance tasks that eliminated or altered sensory input.