Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Andrea M. Weinstein, Swathi Gujral, Meryl A. Butters, Christopher R. Bowie, Corinne E. Fischer, Alastair J. Flint, Nathan Herrmann, James L. Kennedy, Linda Mah, Shima Ovaysikia, Bruce G. Pollock, Tarek K. Rajji, Benoit H. Mulsant
Summary: This study compared diagnostic rates and clinical predictors between NIA-AA criteria and DSM-5 criteria, finding that discrepancies were more likely in individuals with a history of MDD or carrying at least one ApoE4 allele. Detailed neuropsychological testing and NIA-AA criteria identified a greater prevalence of cognitive impairment compared to DSM-5 criteria and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
S. -W. Peng, C. -Y. Wang, S. -Y. Lin, Y. -L. Lee, Y. -C. Lin, Y. -J. Lin, P. -N. Wang
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of self-reported and informant-reported subjective cognitive complaints and their relation to neuropsychological function in different diagnostic groups. The results showed that self-reported subjective cognitive complaints were not related to neuropsychological function in cognitively unimpaired and mild cognitive impairment populations, while informant-reported complaints were related to neuropsychological tests in the dementia population. Therefore, incorporating informant-reported subjective cognitive complaints, along with considering individual's anxiety and depressive status, is crucial in clinical practice for assessing cognitive statuses.
JPAD-JOURNAL OF PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyoungjoo Cho
Summary: Cognitive impairment is a serious condition associated with aging and disruption of inflammation and innate immunity. Recent studies have shown that the innate immune system is prevalent in patients with Alzheimer's disease, and peripheral neutrophil markers can predict a decline in cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Furthermore, altered levels of pro-inflammatory interleukins have been reported in patients with mild cognitive impairment, potentially playing a role in the progression from early cognitive impairment to dementia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Elizabeth R. Wallace, Suzanne C. Segerstrom, Craig G. van Horne, Frederick A. Schmitt, Lisa M. Koehl
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis on PD-MCI patients and found significant differences in cognitive test performance, with cognitive screeners showing the most pronounced effect. In the progression from PD-MCI to PDD, executive dysfunction exhibits a significant impact.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yangfan Xu, Lingrong Yi, Yangyang Lin, Suiying Peng, Weiming Wang, Wujian Lin, Peize Chen, Weichao Zhang, Yujie Deng, Suimin Guo, Le Shi, Yuling Wang, D. William Molloy, Ronan O'Caoimh
Summary: The study demonstrated that in post-stroke rehabilitation patients, the Chinese version of Qmci can accurately identify PSD patients and is comparable to MoCA-CN, with a shorter assessment time. However, it had lower accuracy in identifying PSCIND patients, warranting further research for validation.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Themis Papaioannou, Alexandra Voinescu, Karin Petrini, Danae Stanton Fraser, Cosimo Tuena
Summary: The study found that VR training has moderate to large effects on cognitive abilities in patients with MCI and dementia, improving global cognition, attention, memory, and construction and motor performance in MCI patients, as well as global cognition, memory, and executive function in dementia patients. Moderators such as immersion and training type significantly influence the effects of VR training.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Lei Zhuang, Yan Yang, Jianqun Gao
Summary: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a clinical condition with a high risk of progressing to dementia. Early diagnosis and intervention at the MCI stage are considered critical strategies in disease management. Lack of consensus on guidelines for routine screening of MCI leads to a considerable number of undiagnosed patients in the community.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ruben Sanz-Blasco, Jose M. Ruiz-Sanchez de Leon, Marina Avila-Villanueva, Meritxel Valenti-Soler, Jaime Gomez-Ramirez, Miguel A. Fernandez-Blazquez
Summary: The study examined the rate of reversion from mild cognitive impairment to normal cognition in a unidirectional manner within the Alzheimer's disease continuum. There were both non-modifiable factors (age, socioeconomic status, apolipoprotein E) and modifiable factors (cognitive training, absence of affective symptoms) associated with reversion. The likelihood of progression from MCI to dementia was found to be similar to that of reversion from MCI to NC.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qiumin Huang, Xiaofang Jia, Jiguo Zhang, Feifei Huang, Huijun Wang, Bing Zhang, Liusen Wang, Hongru Jiang, Zhihong Wang
Summary: The study found that participants with higher consumption levels of rice, legumes, fresh vegetables, fresh fruit, meat, and nuts tended to have higher global cognitive function scores and lower odds of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Participants with a medium consumption level of beef or mutton had 57% higher odds of amnestic MCI-single domain (aMCI-SD), whereas they had 50% lower odds of non-amnestic MCI-multiple domain (naMCI-MD). Significant heterogeneity of associations between diet and MCI subtypes was observed among Chinese adults aged over 55.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yun Zhang, Ginny Natale, Sean Clouston
Summary: This study estimated the incidence of MCI, conversion to probable dementia, and mortality using multi-state survival models. The results showed associations between education level and incidence of MCI and probable dementia, with disparities in incidence among different racial and ethnic groups.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE AND OTHER DEMENTIAS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Benjamin M. Hampstead, Anthony Y. Stringer, Alexandru D. Iordan, Robert Ploutz-Snyder, K. Sathian
Summary: Cognitive training is a potential technique for treating cognitive impairment caused by neurological injury and disease. Different training methods have different mechanisms of action and engage distinct brain regions. Mnemonic strategy training (MST) showed superior effects in the short term and increased activation and functional connectivity in multiple brain regions.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Camilla Elefante, Giulio Emilio Brancati, Zahinoor Ismail, Sara Ricciardulli, Maria Francesca Beatino, Vittoria Lepri, Antonella Fama, Elisabetta Ferrari, Linda Giampietri, Filippo Baldacci, Roberto Ceravolo, Icro Maremmani, Lorenzo Lattanzi, Giulio Perugi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and differentiating features of Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) with respect to major neurocognitive disorders (MNDs) and primary psychiatric disorders (PPDs). The results showed that patients with MBI had higher scores of psychopathology, specifically in terms of negative symptoms, compared to patients with PPDs. Additionally, MBI patients frequently reported higher severity of apathy and motor retardation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jui-Hung Hsu, Chien-Cheng Liu, I-Wen Chen, Jheng-Yan Wu, Po-Yu Huang, Ting-Hui Liu, Kuo-Chuan Hung
Summary: The visual cognitive assessment test (VCAT) is a language-neutral screening tool for detecting MCI/mild dementia. This meta-analysis showed that VCAT demonstrated acceptable diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing MCI/mild dementia in cognitively normal older adults.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hillary J. Rouse, Zahinoor Ismail, Ross Andel, Victor A. Molinari, John A. Schinka, Brent J. Small
Summary: This study examined the impact of mild behavioral impairment (MBI) on cognitive performance among cognitively healthy older adults and those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The results showed that individuals with MBI performed worse on tasks of attention, episodic memory, executive function, language, and processing speed, and exhibited greater decline over time. The presence of MBI was also associated with poorer performance on tasks of visuospatial ability, executive function, and processing speed among individuals with MCI.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Lucia Perez-Blanco, Alba Felpete, Scott B. Patten, Sabela C. Mallo, Arturo X. Pereiro, Maria Campos-Magdaleno, Onesimo Juncos-Rabadan
Summary: This study found that both self-reported and informant-reported subjective cognitive complaints are associated with an increased risk of transitioning from cognitively unimpaired to mild cognitive impairment and/or dementia. The association appears to be stronger and more stable for informant-reported data, providing important information for distinguishing between normal aging and clinical states.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Kate M. Chitty, Rachael C. Cvejic, Teresa Heintze, Preeyaporn Srasuebkul, Kirsten Morley, Andrew Dawson, Gregory Carter, Michael Dinh, Nicholas A. Buckley, Julian N. Trollor
Summary: This study investigated the association between problematic alcohol and/or drug use and the incidence of self-harm and suicidal ideation. The results showed that individuals with problematic alcohol use and drug use were more likely to have subsequent episodes of self-harm and suicidal ideation within a year. Problematic alcohol users were also more likely to be assigned to the most urgent triage categories.
CRISIS-THE JOURNAL OF CRISIS INTERVENTION AND SUICIDE PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Thanwarat Chantanachai, Daina L. Sturnieks, Stephen R. Lord, Jasmine Menant, Kim Delbaere, Perminder S. Sachdev, Henry Brodaty, Peter Humburg, Morag E. Taylor
Summary: This study examined longitudinal changes in cognitive and physical function, as well as the associations between these changes and falls in people with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The results showed that the MCI and cognitively fluctuating groups experienced declines in cognitive function, while the cognitively normal group did not. The MCI group had worse physical function at baseline but similar decline over time compared to other groups. Decline in global cognitive function and sensorimotor performance were associated with multiple falls in the cognitively normal group, and decline in mobility was associated with falls in the entire sample. Therefore, exercise should be recommended for maintaining physical function in older adults, and interventions aimed at mitigating cognitive decline should be encouraged for people with MCI.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Shafi Kalam, Katya Numbers, Darren M. Lipnicki, Ben C. P. Lam, Henry Brodaty, Simone Reppermund
Summary: This study investigated the associations between olfactory dysfunction and depression with dementia risk in older adults. The results showed that both factors independently predicted incident dementia over 12 years, and using both olfactory function testing and depression screening improved the ability to predict dementia.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cailen J. Calkin, Katya Numbers, Henry Brodaty, Perminder S. Sachdev, Oleg N. Medvedev
Summary: This study examined the psychometric properties of the K-10 scale in older populations using Rasch methodology. After minor modifications, the K-10 demonstrated good measurement properties and allowed for the transformation of raw scores into interval-level data, increasing its reliability.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Heidi J. Welberry, Tiffany Chau, Megan Heffernan, Juan Carlo San Jose, Louisa R. Jorm, Maria Fiatarone Singh, Perminder S. Sachdev, Kaarin J. Anstey, Nicola T. Lautenschlager, Michael Valenzuela, John J. McNeil, Henry Brodaty
Summary: The MYB trial aims to prevent cognitive decline and dementia through multidomain, web-based risk-reduction interventions. A study was conducted to explore the characteristics associated with participation in this trial. The results showed that higher educational attainment and lower self-rated quality of life were related to increased and reduced participation, respectively. Family history of Alzheimer's disease was related to increased participation, while other dementia risk factors were associated with reduced participation.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Nursing
Nathan J. Wilson, Amy Pracilio, Julia Morphet, Michelle Kersten, Thomas Buckley, Julian N. Trollor, Andrew Cashin
Summary: This study scoped the international literature on registered nurses delegating care to unlicenced workers, identified gaps, and reflected on the evidence's relevance to nursing in multiple contexts. The review highlighted three models of delegation: direct, indirect, and a combination of both. It found that direct delegation mainly occurred in acute contexts, but the threshold for delegation decrease was unclear. However, there is a lack of studies focusing on patient outcomes and the legal and logistical implications of delegation practices in the literature.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING
(2023)
Article
Gerontology
Issra Allam, Meredith Gresham, Lyn Phillipson, Henry Brodaty, Lee-Fay Low
Summary: This study aims to understand the perceptions of dementia symptoms, help-seeking and support in the Australian Arabic-speaking community. By conducting qualitative interviews, seven themes were identified. Dementia was described as confusion and memory loss symptoms. Barriers to help-seeking and support included cultural norms, lack of knowledge on where to seek help, and fear of community judgement. Building trust through culturally appropriate support and educating the community are two ways to facilitate help-seeking and support.
DEMENTIA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Jacky Zheng, Meredith Gresham, Lyn Phillipson, Danika Hall, Yun-Hee Jeon, Henry Brodaty, Lee-Fay Low
Summary: This study examines the usability, usefulness, and user experience of the Forward with Dementia website for individuals with dementia and family caregivers. It also identifies strategies to improve web design for this population. The website was tested by 12 participants, and data collection involved observations, interviews, and questionnaires. Findings suggest that simplifying functions, streamlining navigation, and decluttering page layouts were effective strategies to improve the website's usability and user experience. The study highlights the importance of dementia-related websites in providing information and assistance to individuals managing dementia.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION-ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Princess Neila Litkouhi, Katya Numbers, Michael Valenzuela, John D. Crawford, Ben C. P. Lam, Princess Noosha Litkouhi, Perminder S. Sachdev, Nicole A. Kochan, Henry Brodaty
Summary: Cognitive, social, and physical activities, especially during young adulthood, are associated with better late-life cognitive outcomes. Formal education plays a significant role in the relationship between young adulthood cognitive activity and late-life global cognition.
AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Carmela Salomon, Jessica Bellamy, Elizabeth Evans, Renae Reid, Michelle Hsu, Scott Teasdale, Julian Trollor
Summary: This study aimed to assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a tailored healthy lifestyle intervention for individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID). The results showed that the intervention was feasible and well received by the participants, and it had the potential to positively impact important cardiometabolic risk factors such as waist circumference, cardiovascular fitness, and physical strength. However, some data collection instruments need modification or replacement before conducting a larger study.
PILOT AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Amanda L. Richdale, Lauren P. Lawson, Alexa Chalmers, Mirko Uljarevic, Eric M. J. Morris, Samuel R. C. Arnold, Julian N. Trollor
Summary: Individuals with autism commonly experience anxiety and depression. This study explored the relationships between anxiety, depression, autistic traits, insomnia, intolerance of uncertainty, sensory sensitivities, and autonomic arousal in autistic individuals. The results showed multiple pathways to anxiety and depression, suggesting the need for careful evaluation and individualized treatment plans for autistic adults with these mental health conditions. Prevention programs focusing on reducing arousal, maintaining good sleep, and reducing intolerance of uncertainty may be beneficial for autistic adults.
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alice Powell, Zara A. Page, Jacqueline C. T. Close, Perminder S. Sachdev, Henry Brodaty
Summary: A consistent approach to defining cognitive super-ageing is needed to increase the value of research insights that may be gained from studying this population including ageing well and preventing and treating neurodegenerative conditions. This review aims to evaluate the existing definitions of 'super-ageing' with a focus on cognition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Eric L. Stulberg, Perminder S. Sachdev, Anne M. Murray, Steven C. Cramer, Farzaneh A. Sorond, Kamakshi Lakshminarayan, Behnam Sabayan
Summary: This study provides a narrative review on post-stroke brain health, defining and evaluating it based on literature databases. Clinical recommendations for monitoring and managing post-stroke brain health are presented, as well as potential future work in the field.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Alice Powell, Ben C. P. Lam, David Foxe, Jacqueline C. T. Close, Perminder S. Sachdev, Henry Brodaty
Summary: This study aims to investigate the frequency of exceptional cognition in Australian older adults using different definitions and to explore its relationship with function, brain imaging markers, and incident dementia. The frequency of super-aging varied depending on the definition used and was associated with better functional performance and lower rates of incident dementia. The study highlights the importance of consistency in defining super-aging for better characterization of this minority group.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Gerontology
Sladana Pavkovic, Lynette Ruth Goldberg, Maree Farrow, Jane Alty, Melissa Abela, Sharon Naismith, Perminder Sachdev, Lee-Fay Low
Summary: This study examined the current practices, barriers, and facilitators to post-diagnostic support in Australian memory clinics. It found that current practices focused on ensuring patients understood their diagnosis, providing information on support, and prescribing dementia medications. There was a need for increased funding, particularly to establish a single point of contact for continuity of care.
DEMENTIA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2023)
