Article
Immunology
Bubacarr J. B. Touray, Mostafa Hanafy, Yashdeep Phanse, Rachel Hildebrand, Adel M. Talaat
Summary: A nanoadjuvant system called QTAP, consisting of Quil-A and DOTAP, was developed for efficient delivery of mRNA vaccine constructs. The system showed high transfection efficiency and protein translation ability. In mice experiments, QTAP nanovaccines induced strong antibody and cytokine responses, and effectively reduced mycobacterial counts in the lungs and spleens. Overall, QTAP is a highly efficient transfection agent that improves the immunogenicity of mRNA vaccines against pulmonary tuberculosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Nathan P. Crilly, Samuel K. Ayeh, Petros C. Karakousis
Summary: Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, with treatment requiring a combination of antibiotics over an extended period. Even after infection eradication, patients may still experience residual lung dysfunction. Recent focus has been on developing new therapies to accelerate pathogen clearance and reduce lung damage.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jodie A. Schildkraut, Jelmer Raaijmakers, Rob Aarnoutse, Wouter Hoefsloot, Heiman F. L. Wertheim, Jakko van Ingen
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of azithromycin-ethambutol backbone therapy with and without rifampicin for the treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease. The results showed that the addition of rifampicin did not significantly enhance the antimycobacterial effect or suppress the emergence of resistance. These findings raise questions about the necessity of rifampicin in the current recommended therapy.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Cecilia S. Lindestam Arlehamn, Basilin Benson, Rebecca Kuan, Kimberly A. Dill-McFarland, Glenna J. Peterson, Sinu Paul, Felicia K. Nguyen, Robert H. Gilman, Mayuko Saito, Randy Taplitz, Matthew Arentz, Christopher H. Goss, Moira L. Aitken, David J. Horne, Javeed A. Shah, Alessandro Sette, Thomas R. Hawn
Summary: The immunological mechanisms of susceptibility to nontuberculous mycobacterial disease remain unclear. This study investigated the immune responses to Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in individuals with a history of MAC lung disease (MACDZ) to understand the pathogenesis of MAC. The results showed a novel immunologic defect in MACDZ individuals, characterized by impaired MAC-specific immune responses and dysregulation in both innate and adaptive immunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Nils Wetzstein, Thomas A. Kohl, Margo Diricks, Silvia Mas-Peiro, Tomas Holubec, Johanna Kessel, Christiana Graf, Benjamin Koch, Eva Herrmann, Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild, Michael Hogardt, Stefan Niemann, Christoph Stephan, Thomas A. Wichelhaus
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcome of HCU-associated Mycobacterium chimaera infections. The study found that these infections were characterized by high morbidity and mortality, as well as challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Reoperation was associated with better survival.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Atsuho Morita, Ho Namkoong, Kazuma Yagi, Takanori Asakura, Makoto Hosoya, Hiromu Tanaka, Ho Lee, Takunori Ogawa, Tatsuya Kusumoto, Shuhei Azekawa, Kensuke Nakagawara, Hirofumi Kamata, Makoto Ishii, Koichi Fukunaga, Hiroyuki Ozawa, Naoki Hasegawa
Summary: ALIS therapy may be a treatment option for patients with refractory MAC infection with long disease duration and a poor response to guideline-based therapy.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shweta Kambali, Elena Quinonez, Arash Sharifi, Abdolrazagh Hashemi Shahraki, Naresh Kumar, Jayaweera Dushyantha, Mehdi Mirsaeidi
Summary: The study found that the prevalence rates of NTM disease in Florida rose from 2012 to 2018, with a higher prevalence seen following hurricanes.
Article
Microbiology
Grzegorz Przybylski, Jakub Bukowski, Weronika Kowalska, Marta Pilaczynska-Cemel, Dorota Krawiecka
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical significance of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) isolated in the Regional Center of Pulmonology in Bydgoszcz, Northern Poland, and assessed the frequency and clinical relevance of NTM isolation. NTM lung disease (NTM-LD) infections are associated with other pulmonary and extrapulmonary diseases, and may be linked to primary immunodeficiencies. The most common NTM isolates in respiratory samples in Northern Poland were Mycobacterium kansasii and the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC).
Article
Microbiology
Abdeldjalil Madani, Dereje A. Negatu, Abdellatif El Marrouni, Randy R. Miller, Christopher W. Boyce, Nicholas Murgolo, Christopher J. Bungard, Matthew D. Zimmerman, Veronique Dartois, Martin Gengenbacher, David B. Olsen, Thomas Dick
Summary: Tricyclic pyrrolopyrimidines (TPPs) are a new class of antibacterials that inhibit the ATPase activity of DNA gyrase to combat Mycobacterium abscessus.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Yuzhen Gu, Wenjuan Nie, Hairong Huang, Xia Yu
Summary: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are opportunistic pathogens that can infect various tissues and organs. NTM infections, particularly in the lungs, have become a significant health issue, especially for patients with underlying lung disease. The increasing prevalence of NTM infections and their resistance to many antibiotics, including anti-TB drugs, pose a significant challenge for treatment. The development of new antibiotics or compounds with good antibacterial activity against NTM is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Gustavo Echeverria, Veronica Rueda, Wilson Espinoza, Carlos Rosero, Martin J. Zumarraga, Jacobus H. H. de Waard
Summary: This report presents three cases of misdiagnosed NTM lung infections in Ecuador, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis through culture and identification to species level. Reporting NTM pulmonary disease as a notifiable disease is recommended to obtain accurate prevalence data.
Review
Pediatrics
Nicholas Bolden, Joshua Chang Mell, Jennifer Bouso Logan, Paul J. Planet
Summary: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can cause severe pulmonary disease in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Understanding the transmission and pathogenesis of NTM during chronic infection is crucial for diagnosis and treatment. Phylogenomic techniques have emerged as an important tool for tracking transmission patterns and studying adaptation to the host. This review discusses the burden of NTM lung disease, the use of phylogenomics in NTM research, and the clinical implications of these studies.
PAEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Shivangi Rastogi, Volker Briken
Summary: The inflammasome complex plays a critical role in host defense against intracellular bacterial infections. This article discusses how host cell inflammasomes detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and other related mycobacterial species. The molecular mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome sensing of Mtb are described, highlighting the involvement of various factors in the process. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms and the importance of inflammasome activation for Mtb virulence or host susceptibility have not been fully investigated.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Wassihun Wedajo Aragaw, Christine Roubert, Evelyne Fontaine, Sophie Lagrange, Matthew D. Zimmerman, Veronique Dartois, Martin Gengenbacher, Thomas Dick
Summary: Cyclohexyl-griselimycin, a preclinical candidate for treating tuberculosis, has shown activity against the drug-resistant Mycobacterium abscessus in vitro and in a mouse model. This discovery provides a new lead compound for M. abscessus drug development and supports the strategy of screening chemical matter from TB drug discovery to expedite the discovery of novel antibiotics against M. abscessus.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Uday S. Ganapathy, Martin Gengenbacher, Thomas Dick
Summary: Benzoxaboroles, including the clinical candidate epetraborole, have shown activity against Mycobacterium abscessus, expanding the options for developing benzoxaborole-based candidates to treat M. abscessus lung disease.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, Research & Experimental
B. T. Nyang'wa, A. N. LaHood, C. D. Mitnick, L. Guglielmetti
Review
Infectious Diseases
Christoph Lange, Erik C. Bottger, Emmanuelle Cambau, David E. Griffith, Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Jakko van Ingen, Shandra L. Knight, Theodore K. Marras, Kenneth N. Olivier, Miguel Santin, Jason E. Stout, Enrico Tortoli, Dirk Wagner, Kevin Winthrop, Charles L. Daley
Summary: This study provides guidelines for the treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary diseases and management guidance for less common species. However, the evidence for treatment recommendations for most species is of very low quality, except for M. malmoense.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
L. Guglielmetti, E. Ardizzoni, M. Atger, E. Baudin, E. Berikova, M. Bonnet, E. Chang, S. Cloez, J. M. Coit, V Cox, B. C. de Jong, C. Delifer, J. M. Do, D. Dos Santos Tozzi, V Ducher, G. Ferlazzo, M. Gouillou, A. Khan, U. Khan, N. Lachenal, A. N. LaHood, L. Lecca, M. Mazmanian, H. McIlleron, M. Moschioni, K. O'Brien, O. Okunbor, L. Oyewusi, S. Panda, S. B. Patil, P. P. J. Phillips, L. Pichon, P. Rupasinghe, M. L. Rich, N. Saluhuddin, K. J. Seung, M. Tamirat, L. Trippa, M. Cellamare, G. E. Velasquez, S. Wasserman, P. J. Zimetbaum, F. Varaine, C. D. Mitnick
Summary: The treatment of multidrug-resistant and rifampin-resistant tuberculosis remains challenging, with a need for shorter, safer, and more effective regimens. The endTB trial aims to provide better treatment options and explore the efficacy and safety of different treatment regimens.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Daniela Aschieri, Irina Kontsevaya, Francesco Calabrese, Alessandra Donisi, Alberto Faggi, Patrizia Ferrante, Elisa Fronti, Laura Gerna, Maria Cristina Leoni, Franco Paolillo, Giovanna Ratti, Alessandro Ruggieri, Daria Sacchini, Marta Scotti, Caterina Valdatta, Marco Stabile, Gloria Taliani, Mauro Codeluppi
Summary: This multicentre retrospective cohort study conducted in two hospitals in Piacenza, Italy, found that the use of tocilizumab and high doses of low molecular weight heparin were independently associated with lower mortality in COVID-19 patients. The results suggest the need for further clinical assessment of high doses of low molecular weight heparin and tocilizumab as potential therapeutics for COVID-19.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Letter
Respiratory System
Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Gunar Guenther, Claude Leu, Daniela Cirillo, Raquel Duarte, Alberto L. Garcia-Basteiro, Delia Goletti, Mateja Jankovic, Liga Kuksa, Florian P. Maurer, Frederic Mechai, Simon Tiberi, Frank van Leth, Nicolas Veziris, Christoph Lange
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Marwa Bachir, Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Simone Tunesi, Typhaine Billard-Pomares, Sheila Chiesi, Jeremy Jaffre, Hugo Langris, Valerie Pourcher, Frederic Schramm, Nadine Lemaitre, Jerome Robert
Summary: This study assessed the impact of rapid diagnostic tests on the treatment of HR-TB in France and found that early implementation of molecular detection can shorten the time to adequate treatment.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Simone Tunesi, Damien Le Du, Gina Gualano, Joan-Pau Millet, Aliaksandr Skrahin, Graham Bothamley, Xavier Casas, Delia Goletti, Christoph Lange, Maria Musso, Fabrizio Palmieri, Valerie Pourcher, Christophe Rioux, Alena Skrahina, Nicolas Veziris, Dzmitry Viatushka, Mathilde Jachym-Frechet, Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Dhiba Marigot-Outtandy, Xavier Lescure, Marie Dubert, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Eric Caumes, Pascaline Choinier, Elie Haddad, Jakub Kowalczyk, Helene Laurichesse, Olivier Lesens, Alexandra Aubry, Isabelle Bonnet, Florence Morel
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Johannes Eimer, Mathilde Frechet-Jachym, Damien Le Du, Eric Caumes, Najoua El-Helali, Dhiba Marigot-Outtandy, Frederic Mechai, Gilles Peytavin, Valerie Pourcher, Christophe Rioux, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Jerome Robert, Lorenzo Guglielmetti
Summary: This study evaluated the association between linezolid trough concentrations and severe toxicity in patients treated for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. The results showed that linezolid concentrations >2 mg/L were strongly associated with the development of severe treatment-emergent toxicity, suggesting the need for an individual risk-benefit assessment in patients with high trough concentrations.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gunar Gunther, Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Claude Leu, Christoph Lange, Frank van Leth
Summary: This study evaluated the access to comprehensive diagnostics and novel antituberculosis medicines in European countries. The results showed a widespread lack of drug susceptibility testing capacity to new and repurposed antituberculosis drugs, as well as a lack of access to essential medications in several countries. Additionally, the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis was associated with high costs.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Isabelle Bonnet, Elie Haddad, Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Pascale Bemer, Louis Bernard, Anne Bourgoin, Rachel Brault, Gaud Catho, Eric Caumes, Lelia Escaut, Eric Fourniols, Mathilde Frechet-Jachym, Alice Gaudart, Helene Guillot, Barthelemy Lafon-Desmurs, Jean-Philippe Lanoix, Philippe Lanotte, Adrien Lemaignen, Benedicte Lemaire, Nadine Lemaitre, Christophe Michau, Philippe Morand, Faiza Mougari, Dhiba Marigot-Outtandy, Solene Patrat-Delon, Thomas Perpoint, Caroline Piau, Valerie Pourcher, Virginie Zarrouk, Valerie Zeller, Nicolas Veziris, Stephane Jaureguiberry, Alexandra Aubry
Summary: This study evaluated the diagnosis, management, and outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis strains (MDR-OATB) causing osteoarticular infection in France. Among 23 reported MDR-OATB cases, 91% of patients successfully completed treatment. However, further research is needed to determine the optimal treatment for MDR-OATB.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Nils Wetzstein, Alena-Pauline Drummer, Annabelle Bockey, Eva Herrmann, Claus Philippe Kuepper-Tetzel, Christiana Graf, Benjamin Koch, Udo Goetsch, Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild, Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Berit Lange, Thomas A. Wichelhaus, Christoph Stephan
Summary: Geographical origin is a predictor for the occurrence of extrapulmonary TB, which is associated with delayed diagnosis, specific virulence factors of MTB, and relevant comorbidities.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
U. Khan, L. Guglielmetti
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Yousra Kherabi, Simone Tunesi, Alexander Kay, Lorenzo Guglielmetti
Summary: Preventing the progression of DR-TB infection to disease is crucial for the elimination strategy, and fluoroquinolones have been suggested as preventive therapy in DR-TB contacts. However, more high-quality evidence is needed to confirm its efficacy, safety, and improve service delivery models.
Article
Immunology
Yousra Kherabi, Mathilde Frechet-Jachym, Christophe Rioux, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Frederic Mechai, Valerie Pourcher, Jerome Robert, Lorenzo Guglielmetti
Summary: Resistance to fluoroquinolones and additional resistance to bedaquiline or linezolid in MDR TB, known as pre-XDR TB and XDR TB, have implications for treatment outcomes and safety. Pre-XDR/XDR TB was associated with certain clinical characteristics and longer treatment duration, but did not significantly affect treatment outcomes or increase the risk of serious adverse events compared with fluoroquinolone-susceptible MDR TB.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Gloria Taliani, Elena Follini, Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Patrizia Bernuzzi, Alberto Faggi, Patrizia Ferrante, Elisa Fronti, Laura Gerna, Maria Cristina Leoni, Franco Paolillo, Giovanna Ratti, Alessandro Ruggieri, Caterina Valdatta, Alessandra Donisi, Adriano Zangrandi, Lara Pochintesta, Carlo Moroni, Daria Sacchini, Daniele Vallisa, Mauro Codeluppi
Summary: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, infection with SARS-CoV-2 may lead to abnormalities in the B cell lineage, potentially triggering autoimmune diseases or blood cancers. Special attention should be paid to COVID-19 patients with underlying B cell lineage disorders.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
