Article
Microbiology
Michael W. Dunne, Sailaja Puttagunta, Steven Aronin, Stephen Brossette, John Murray, Vikas Gupta
Summary: Resistance to oral antibiotics commonly used to treat outpatient UTIs is increasing, and almost 22% of patients were found to receive an antibiotic to which the pathogen was resistant. These patients were almost twice as likely to require a second prescription or be hospitalized within 28 days compared to those who received an antibiotic to which the pathogen was susceptible. Additionally, about 1% of Enterobacterales isolates were resistant to all commonly available classes of oral antibiotics. Age, diabetes mellitus, gender, and prior antibiotic resistance were identified as risk factors for treatment failure.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jose Raul Nieto-Saucedo, Luis Esau Lopez-Jacome, Rafael Franco-Cendejas, Claudia Adriana Colin-Castro, Melissa Hernandez-Duran, Luis Raul Rivera-Garay, Karina Senyase Zamarripa-Martinez, Juan Luis Mosqueda-Gomez
Summary: The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) and the frequency of carbapenemase-encoding genes were evaluated in a tertiary referral center in El Bajio, Mexico. Among 508 Gram-negative bacilli, 37 were carbapenem-resistant (7.3%), and only 15 (40.5%) of them carried carbapenemase-encoding genes.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mariam Rima, Saoussen Oueslati, Laura Dabos, Dina Daaboul, Hassan Mallat, Elie Bou Raad, Marcel Achkar, Osman Mawlawi, Sandrine Bernabeu, Remy A. Bonnin, Delphine Girlich, Marwan Osman, Monzer Hamze, Thierry Naas
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) in three hospitals in northern Lebanon between 2015 and 2019. The findings highlighted a concerning situation of carbapenem resistance and emphasized the need for effective registration systems in healthcare centers to limit resistance spread.
Review
Immunology
Flora Cruz-Lopez, Adrian Martinez-Melendez, Rayo Morfin-Otero, Eduardo Rodriguez-Noriega, Hector J. Maldonado-Garza, Elvira Garza-Gonzalez
Summary: Infections caused by Gram-negative multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial species are difficult to treat due to widespread antibiotic resistance. New antibiotics and combinations with existing drugs have shown potential in treating these infections, but there are reports of resistance to these treatments.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Ann A. Elshamy, Sarra E. Saleh, Mohammad Y. Alshahrani, Khaled M. Aboshanab, Mohammad M. Aboulwafa, Nadia A. Hassouna
Summary: Gram-negative bacteria are common causes of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and can exhibit resistance to carbapenems. This study found a relatively high rate of carbapenem resistance among Gram-negative bacteria causing UTIs in Cairo, Egypt, with the ability for this resistance to be horizontally transferred to other bacterial hosts.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Sanchita Das, Karen Bush
Summary: The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance, especially in Gram-negative bacteria, have led to significant morbidity and increased healthcare costs. Large surveillance studies, such as the one performed by the Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory Network, are immensely valuable in understanding the extent of resistance mechanisms, particularly among carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria. However, routine laboratory detection of carbapenemases in these bacteria remains challenging and requires further optimization.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Syed Asad Ali, Snigdhendu Mandal, Athanasios Georgalas, Syed Anas D. Gilani
Summary: This study investigated the resistance pattern of gram-negative rods causing urinary tract infections in 156 adult patients. The results showed increasing resistance to antibiotics including amoxicillin, trimethoprim, and quinolones.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mbarga M. J. Arsene, Podoprigora I. Viktorovna, Goriainov V. Sergei, Fadi Hajjar, Yashina N. Vyacheslavovna, Zhigunova A. Vladimirovna, Vasilyeva E. Aleksandrovna, Senyagin A. Nikolayevich, Nadezhda Sachivkina
Summary: In this study, the phytochemical composition of Aloe vera extract was investigated, and its antibacterial and antibiofilm formation activity were evaluated. The results showed that Aloe vera has significant antibacterial activity against resistant bacteria and has the potential to inhibit biofilm formation.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Cesar Montelongo Hernandez, Catherine Putonti, Alan J. Wolfe
Summary: This study investigates the presence of plasmids in 11 clinically relevant urinary species, identifying evidence of plasmids in some bacteria with potential virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. This research represents an initial step towards understanding the role of plasmids in the bacterial urobiota.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Biology
Mario Gajdacs, Zoltan Batori, Katalin Burian
Summary: The study conducted a secondary analysis of urinary tract infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria detected from 2008 to 2017 at the University of Szeged, revealing strong positive or negative correlations between resistance to different antibiotics in various taxonomic groups. For example, in E. coli, strong positive correlations were found between resistance to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin, while strong negative correlations were observed for fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin. This study sheds light on the association between antibiotic resistance profiles in different bacterial groups, providing valuable insights for future strategies in combating antimicrobial resistance.
Article
Microbiology
Steven Stone, Camille-Ann Thoms-Rodriguez, Jenene Cameron, Christine Seah, Stacy Stephenson-Clarke, Roberto G. G. Melano
Summary: We investigated the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing uropathogens at a hospital in Jamaica. Out of 64 urine samples collected, only 2 Klebsiella pneumoniae were found to produce carbapenemase. Whole-genome sequencing revealed the presence of bla(NDM-5) on IncX3 plasmid. Continuous surveillance of these pathogens is necessary.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chunhong Shao, Wei Wang, Shuang Liu, Zhijun Zhang, Meijie Jiang, Fusen Zhang
Summary: This study conducted comprehensive investigation and analysis on CRKp in elderly patients with lower respiratory tract infections. It found a high incidence of infections caused by CRKp in elderly patients, especially in intensive care unit and neurosurgery wards. The majority of patients had been exposed to antimicrobial drugs, showing high resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, with predominant resistance gene being bla(KPC-2).
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jessica Waters, Andrew F. F. Shorr
Summary: Newer antibiotics have been developed and proven effective in treating various types of multidrug-resistant infections, but there is limited information on their efficacy specifically for bloodstream infections.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Branka Bedenic, Tomislav Mestrovic
Summary: Urinary tract infections are common and the pathogens causing them easily acquire various resistance determinants, including different beta-lactamases and carbapenemases. Phenotypic tests like the double-disk synergy test are used for detecting beta-lactamases, while PCR is mainly done in reference labs for resistance gene detection. The emergence of drug-resistant bacterial strains poses serious challenges in UTI management, stressing the need for tailored interventions in antimicrobial stewardship.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Sean Wei Xiang Ong, Pei Yun Hon, Sharon Syn Hui Wee, Jonathan Wei Zhong Chia, Shehara Mendis, Ezlyn Izharuddin, Ray Junhao Lin, Po Ying Chia, Rees Chin Swee Sim, Mark I-Cheng Chen, Angela Chow, Joanne Yoong, David Chien Lye, Christine B. Teng, Paul Anantharajah Tambyah, Ritu Banerjee, Robin Patel, Partha Pratim De, Shawn Vasoo
Summary: The algorithm combining multiplex polymerase chain reaction with phenotypic detection of enzymes directly from positive blood culture bottles showed good concordance with routine cultures in patients with gram-negative bacteremia, suggesting it may improve time to optimal therapy in these patients.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)