Article
Optics
Taeseong Woo, Hye Yun Kim, Su Yeon Kim, Byungjae Hwang, Cheolwoo Ahn, Seok-Kyu Kwon, Jae-Ick Kim, Jung-Hoon Park
Summary: Recent advances in biochemistry and optics have made it possible to observe faint signals from single molecules. However, the detection range is limited by the dynamic range of current detectors. To overcome this limitation, structured illumination high dynamic range (SI-HDR) imaging is introduced, enabling real-time HDR imaging with a single measurement. The method demonstrates wide applicability in various applications.
Article
Neurosciences
Isabel Baron-Mendoza, Emely Maqueda-Martinez, Monica Martinez-Marcial, Marisol De la Fuente-granada, Margarita Gomez-Chavarin, Aliesha Gonzalez-Arenas
Summary: This study evaluated dendritic spine differences in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of the ASD animal model C58/J, finding changes in spine number and morphology in a brain region-dependent manner. Additionally, genetic analysis suggested a likely association between genes involved in regulating structural plasticity and ASD, supporting a relationship between the C58/J strain genome, autistic-like behavior, and observed dendritic spine anomalies.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nestor I. Martinez-Torres, Nallely Vazquez-Hernandez, Fabiola L. Martin-Amaya-Barajas, Mario Flores-Soto, Ignacio Gonzalez-Burgos
Summary: The study found that lesions induced by Ibotenic acid (IA) affect social behavior and working memory in rats, leading to decreased dendritic spine density and reduced protein content. Plastic changes in the proportion of dendritic spine types suggest the activation of compensatory processes in response to the adverse effects of the lesion.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuqing Lu, Xiangzan Wei, Wei Li, Xujun Wu, Chao Chen, Ge Li, Zhongqiang Huang, Yunfeng Li, Yu Zhang, Wen-Biao Gan
Summary: In this study, we developed a method combining a thin-wall quartz capillary with a GRIN lens to perform large-volume imaging of neurons located 2mm below the surface of rabbit and monkey brains. By rotating and changing the depth of the imaging probe, we greatly expanded the field of view. We found differential activity of layer 5/6 neurons in the rabbit motor cortex between quiet wakefulness and slow wave sleep.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Marisela Hernandez-Gonzalez, Francisco Javier Barrera-Cobos, Enrique Hernandez-Arteaga, Ignacio Gonzalez-Burgos, Mario Flores-Soto, Miguel Angel Guevara, Pedro Manuel Cortes
Summary: Sexual experience improves copulatory performance in male rats by promoting changes in the density of dendritic spines in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAcc). Specifically, sexually experienced rats exhibited higher total dendritic density and increased numerical density of certain types of dendritic spines in the mPFC and NAcc. Furthermore, there was a shift in the proportional density of different types of dendritic spines towards a higher proportion of mushroom spines. These findings suggest that sexual experience can lead to consolidation of synaptic information in the brain regions involved in sexual behavior.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nawar Sakr, Olga Glazova, Liudmila Shevkova, Nikita Onyanov, Samira Kaziakhmedova, Alena Shilova, Maria V. Vorontsova, Pavel Volchkov
Summary: Tissue autofluorescence in fixed tissue sections is a major issue in fluorescence microscopy. The intense intrinsic fluorescence emitted by the adrenal cortex interferes with fluorescent labels, resulting in poor-quality images. Various tissue treatment methods were evaluated for reducing autofluorescence, and TrueBlack (TM) Lipofuscin Autofluorescence Quencher and MaxBlock (TM) Autofluorescence Reducing Reagent Kit were found to be the most effective, reducing autofluorescence intensity by 89-93% and 90-95%, respectively. These treatments preserved specific fluorescence signals and tissue integrity, allowing reliable detection of fluorescent labels in the adrenal cortex tissue.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
N. Vazquez-Hernandez, N. I. Martinez-Torres, I. Gonzalez-Burgos
Summary: The study reveals that changes in different types of dendritic spines may contribute to the behavioral deficits observed during aging, suggesting that further neurochemical and molecular studies are needed to better understand the functional significance of plastic changes to dendritic spines in both successful and pathological aging.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ruslan Rohrich, A. Femius Koenderink
Summary: This article introduces a new structured illumination microscopy technique that extends the capabilities of SIM by combining ideas from illumination engineering and nanophotonics. Experimental results demonstrate the potential for resolution enhancements beyond regular SIM, validated through simulations and experiments. However, there are still obstacles to overcome in the implementation of experiments for artifact-free super-resolution imaging.
Article
Optics
Ankit Butola, Sebastian Acuna, Daniel Henry Hansen, Krishna Agarwal
Summary: We propose a novel approach to achieve super-resolution structured illumination microscopy using an alignment non-critical illumination system and a reconstruction algorithm that does not require illumination information. This method simplifies instrumentation and allows for system adaptability to different resolutions without recalibration.
Article
Neurosciences
Lucia Celora, Fanny Jaudon, Carmela Vitale, Lorenzo A. Cingolani
Summary: The relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and dendritic spine abnormalities is well established. Recent genetic studies have identified ASD risk genes in specific pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex. This study investigated the effects of the ASD risk gene Itgb3 on dendritic spines in two types of layer V pyramidal neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex. The results suggest that a deficiency in Itgb3 expression selectively impacts the immature dendritic spines of corticopontine neurons, which may contribute to ASD pathophysiology.
Article
Psychiatry
Aaron K. Jenkins, David A. Lewis, David W. Volk
Summary: Cognitive disturbances in schizophrenia may be caused by excessive immune response leading to the phagocytosis of dendritic spines by microglia. This study found increased levels of C4 and microglia-specific markers in schizophrenia patients, suggesting the involvement of immune processes in the development of schizophrenia.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristen A. McLaurin, Hailong Li, Charles F. Mactutus, Steven B. Harrod, Rosemarie M. Booze
Summary: Chronic cocaine use and HIV-1 viral protein exposure independently lead to neuroadaptations in the frontal-striatal circuit. However, the response of the frontal-striatal circuit to HIV-1 infection following chronic drug use has been unclear. A study using rats found that male rats preferred cocaine while female rats preferred sucrose. Regardless of biological sex, inoculation with chimeric HIV disrupted decision-making and resulted in structural alterations in the frontal-striatal circuit.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew R. Evrard, Michael Li, Hui Shen, Sheryl S. Smith
Summary: Preventing pruning in the prelimbic cortex increases anxiety responses in adolescent and adult female mice, suggesting that pruning in this region is crucial for limiting anxiety in adulthood.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Kristen A. McLaurin, Hailong Li, Rosemarie M. Booze, Charles F. Mactutus
Summary: The study found that HIV infection can cause neurocognitive impairments in perinatally infected adolescents, primarily due to synaptodendritic dysfunction rather than early neuroinflammation. This study reveals the impact mechanism of HIV-1 on brain development.
Review
Optics
Xin Chen, Suyi Zhong, Yiwei Hou, Ruijie Cao, Wenyi Wang, Dong Li, Qionghai Dai, Donghyun Kim, Peng Xi
Summary: Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) has become the standard for next-generation wide-field microscopy, offering ultrahigh imaging speed, superresolution, a large field-of-view, and long-term imaging. Advanced reconstruction algorithms are necessary to unlock the full potential of SIM system hardware. This article introduces the theory and implementation modalities of two SIM algorithms, optical sectioning SIM (OS-SIM) and superresolution SIM (SR-SIM), and provides an overview of existing processing algorithms and the development of reconstruction algorithms for different SIM techniques. Comparison of off-the-shelf SIM systems and future perspectives are also discussed.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Felipe Fredes, Maria Alejandra Silva, Peter Koppensteiner, Kenta Kobayashi, Maximilian Joesch, Ryuichi Shigemoto
Summary: The study demonstrates the important role of a pathway between ventral mossy cells and dorsal granule cells in the hippocampus in the formation of novelty-induced memory, influencing the activation of dorsal granule cells through excitatory transmission; furthermore, the manipulation of ventral mossy cell activity can bidirectionally regulate the acquisition of novelty-induced contextual memory.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sakuya Nakamura, Shinya Hagihara, Kohei Otomo, Hiroyuki Ishida, Jun Hidema, Tomomi Nemoto, Masanori Izumi
Summary: Autophagy is involved in plant tolerance to the photooxidative stress caused by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, with mitophagy serving as a process for maintaining mitochondrial quality by eliminating dysfunctional mitochondria. Following a 1-h UVB exposure, an increase in autophagosome formation and active transport of mitochondria into the central vacuole were observed. Autophagy also plays a role in removing depolarized mitochondria when mitochondrial function is disrupted, contributing to mitochondrial quality control in Arabidopsis leaves.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kazushi Yamaguchi, Kohei Otomo, Yuichi Kozawa, Motosuke Tsutsumi, Tomoko Inose, Kenji Hirai, Shunichi Sato, Tomomi Nemoto, Hiroshi Uji-I
Summary: An adaptive optical two-photon excitation microscopy was developed using a spatial light modulator in a commercially available system. The AO approach improved fluorescence image contrast in optical phantom mimicking biological specimens and enabled successful visualization of dynamic physiological activities in deep regions of living biological specimens with curved surfaces.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kouichirou Iijima, Takuto Oshima, Ryosuke Kawakami, Tomomi Nemoto
Summary: MAGICAL is an optical brain clearing method that enhances the performance of in vivo fluorescence microscopy, allowing for vivid imaging of deeper regions in living brains. It improves transmittance of shorter wavelength light, reducing optical scattering and making living brains more transparent.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Titinunt Kitrungrotsakul, Yutaro Iwamoto, Satoko Takemoto, Hideo Yokota, Sari Ipponjima, Tomomi Nemoto, Lanfen Lin, Ruofeng Tong, Jingsong Li, Yen-Wei Chen
Summary: Our proposed technique, the full scale connected recurrent deep layer aggregation (RDLA++) backbone feature extraction network, addresses the scale variation problem and efficiently extracts spatial and temporal features from 4D microscopic images for mitotic detection. Compared with other state-of-the-art methods, it results in improved detection accuracy and reduced computation time.
BMC BIOINFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clemens L. Schoepf, Cornelia Ablinger, Stefanie M. Geisler, Ruslan Stanika, Marta Campiglio, Walter A. Kaufmann, Benedikt Nimmervoll, Bettina Schlick, Johannes Brockhaus, Markus Missler, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Gerald J. Obermair
Summary: The alpha(2)delta subunits in nerve cells play a critical role in the formation and organization of glutamatergic synapses, with defects leading to synaptic dysfunction and potentially neurological diseases. Each individual alpha(2)delta isoform can rescue presynaptic calcium channel trafficking and expression of synaptic proteins, suggesting a highly redundant role as synaptic organizers. These findings suggest a shift in understanding of excitatory synapse formation, highlighting the importance of presynaptic differentiation and the potential of alpha(2)delta subunits as nucleation points for synaptic organization.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biology
Pradeep Bhandari, David Vandael, Diego Fernandez-Fernandez, Thorsten Fritzius, David Kleindienst, Cihan Onal, Jacqueline Montanaro, Martin Gassmann, Peter Jonas, Akos Kulik, Bernhard Bettler, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Peter Koppensteiner
Summary: The study found that KCTD8 and KCTD12b directly bind to Cav2.3 and co-localize in the rostral IPN. These KCTDs modulate synaptic strength by regulating Cav2.3-mediated release, independent of GBR activation.
Article
Neurosciences
Tanvi Butola, Theocharis Alvanos, Anika Hintze, Peter Koppensteiner, David Kleindienst, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Carolin Wichmann, Tobias Moser
Summary: RIM-BP2 plays a crucial role in organizing the topography of Ca-V at the presynaptic active zone, promoting SV tethering and docking, and establishing a high initial release probability for reliable signal transmission of sound onset information. Deficiency of RIM-BP2 results in impaired synaptic vesicle dynamics and reduced release probability.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Felipe Fredes, Ryuichi Shigemoto
Summary: Encountering a novel environment enhances contextual memory formation and leads to increased arousal and active exploration. Recent research indicates a differential involvement of dorsal and ventral hippocampal divisions in novelty detection, with mossy cells in the ventral hippocampus playing a key role. This dorso-ventral interaction is crucial for novelty-dependent memory formation.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Hirokazu Ishii, Kohei Otomo, Taiga Takahashi, Kazushi Yamaguchi, Tomomi Nemoto
Summary: Multiphoton microscopy is a powerful tool for visualizing neurobiological phenomena and enables deeper imaging. This review discusses the principles of two-photon microscopy, its technical limitations, and the technological improvements that allow for higher spatial resolution and deeper imaging for investigating unrevealed brain functions.
NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takafumi Kamada, Kohei Otomo, Takashi Murata, Kaito Nakata, Shota Hiruma, Ryota Uehara, Mitsuyasu Hasebe, Tomomi Nemoto
Summary: In this study, we developed a multi-color laser microscopy system with mechanical switching and image-splitting detection, allowing for multi-color 3D imaging while avoiding photodamage. The system demonstrated the ability to capture the dynamic processes of cell division and accurately separate intracellular components in multi-color images.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Celia Biane, Florian Ruckerl, Therese Abrahamsson, Cecile Saint-Cloment, Jean Mariani, Ryuichi Shigemoto, David A. DiGregorio, Rachel M. Sherrard, Laurence Cathala
Summary: The study shows that the maturation of postsynaptic strength is uniformly reduced along the somatodendritic axis in interneurons, while dendritic integration remains sublinear. However, dendritic branching increases without changes in synapse density, resulting in a significant increase in distal inputs. Thus, changes in synapse distribution, rather than dendritic cable properties, are the main mechanism underlying the maturation of neuronal computation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ching-Pu Chang, Kohei Otomo, Yuichi Kozawa, Hirokazu Ishii, Miwako Yamasaki, Masahiko Watanabe, Shunichi Sato, Ryosuke Enoki, Tomomi Nemoto
Summary: Researchers have developed an easy-to-use light-needle creating device for conventional two-photon microscopy systems. The device allows for single scanning excitation of fluorophores in specimens with a thickness over 200μm, enabling three-dimensional monitoring of biological tissues and their network activities.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hirokazu Ishii, Kohei Otomo, Ching-Pu Chang, Miwako Yamasaki, Masahiko Watanabe, Hiroyuki Yokoyama, Tomomi Nemoto
Summary: The all-pulsed 2PE-gSTED microscope, using synchronized picosecond pulse light sources and time-gated fluorescence detection, enables deeper super-resolution imaging of brain tissue by improving spatial resolution. The implementation of time-gating is found to be more useful than previously thought.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ryu Hashimoto, Masafumi Minoshima, Souhei Sakata, Fumihito Ono, Hirokazu Ishii, Yuki Watakabe, Tomomi Nemoto, Saeko Yanaka, Koichi Kato, Kazuya Kikuchi
Summary: In this study, visible-light-sensitive protecting groups with high uncaging cross sections were developed for precise control of bioactivity. Two-photon photolysis reactions were achieved using near-infrared laser, and green-light illumination enabled optical control of biological functions.
