Article
Environmental Sciences
Jun Hou, Anqi Wang, Lingzhan Miao, Jun Wu, Baoshan Xing
Summary: This study systematically investigated the effect of NO3- on the degradation of TCE by S-ZVI and its mechanism. The results showed that NO3- did not affect the degradation pathway of TCE, but at high concentrations, it competed for electrons and led to an increase in the production of acetylene. Additionally, the presence of NO3- promoted the formation of Fe3O4, which improved the degradation efficiency of TCE.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaohang Yang, Shuangfei Yu, Maolin Wang, Qingquan Liu, Xudong Jing, Xiyun Cai
Summary: Selective nano zero-valent iron composites have been developed for efficient removal of p-nitrophenol from water. The composites exhibit high selectivity, stability, and long-term performance.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuhang Zhang, Donglei Li, Liang She, Furong Guo, Falong Jia, Lizhi Zhang, Zhihui Ai, Xiao Liu
Summary: This study developed a sample called FA-ZVIbm by ball-milling zero-valent iron (ZVI) with formic acid (FA), which showed remarkable performance in removing heavy metal complexes, specifically Cu(II)-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Cu(II)-EDTA). The addition of FA greatly enhanced the removal efficiency, increasing the removal rate constant by 80 times. The improvement was attributed to the formation of a ferrous formate (Fe (HCOO)2) shell on the surface of FA-ZVIbm, which facilitated the activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the leaching of Fe3+.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Weimin Zhang, Yihui Dong, Huidong Wang, Yadan Guo, Hua Zeng, Jinjing Zan
Summary: The study demonstrated that zero-valent-iron coated quartz sand (ZVI-S) is efficient and promising for uranium removal from groundwater, with the highest removal efficiency reaching 85.33% in batch experiments and 79.19% in column experiments.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ying Zhao, Qingxu Li, Qiantao Shi, Beidou Xi, Xinyi Zhang, Zhiqiang Jian, Gaoting Zhou, Xiaoguang Meng, Xuhui Mao, Dejun Kang, Bin Gong
Summary: Extensive studies have been conducted on phosphate removal by micron-scale zero-valent iron (mZVI). The mechanisms of phosphate removal were elucidated using ATR-FTIR, XRD, and XANES techniques, revealing that precipitation is the main pathway for phosphate removal by ZVI under aerobic conditions. This study significantly improves our understanding of the fundamental processes involved in phosphate removal by ZVI.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shambhu Kandel, Yelena P. Katsenovich, Daria Boglaienko, Hilary P. Emerson, Tatiana G. Levitskaia
Summary: The removal of TcO4 by Fe-0 under oxidative conditions is affected by the initial pH, with the fastest removal rate observed at pH(i) 7 and the slowest at pH(i) 10.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Oriol Gibert, Misael Abenza, Monica Reig, Xanel Vecino, Damian Sanchez, Marina Arnaldos, Jose Luis Cortina
Summary: Injection of zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) has shown significant removal efficiency of NO3- in groundwater through chemical reduction. The application of nZVI pulses resulted in pH increase, redox potential drop, and release of Fe(II) and TOC in the effluent.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Giulia Maria Curcio, Carlo Limonti, Alessio Siciliano, Isik Kabdasli
Summary: This review analyzes the latest research on the use of zero-valent materials for chemical denitrification, with a focus on the microscopic and nanoscopic forms of zero-valent iron. The effects of initial pH, dissolved oxygen, initial nitrate concentration, temperature, and dissolved ions on the nitrate removal process were evaluated. In addition, the characteristics of alternative zero-valent metals as support materials were compared.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Weiquan Li, Xueying Lin, Sihao Lv, Weizhao Yin, Zhanqiang Fang, Jingling Huang, Ping Li, Jinhua Wu
Summary: This study investigated the effect of hydrogenotrophic denitrification on cadmium (Cd(II)) removal and column life-span using hydrogen-autotrophic microorganisms and zero-valent iron (Fe-0) filled columns. The results showed that the nitrate-mediated bio-Fe-0 column had a higher Cd(II) removal efficiency and longer service life compared to the bio-Fe-0 and Fe-0 columns. This improvement was attributed to hydrogenotrophic denitrification, which caused more iron corrosion and more secondary mineral generation, providing more reaction sites for Cd(II) adsorption and immobilization. The distribution of reactive zone along the bio-Fe-0 column mediated by nitrate was found to be uneven, with the latter half part identified as a more active region for Cd(II) immobilization.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yi Wang, Lihu Liu, Xiong Yang, Steven L. Suib, Guohong Qiu
Summary: In this study, zero-valent iron was electrochemically oxidized to magnetic iron oxides, which showed high efficiency in removing As(V) from mining wastewaters. The results from simulated and actual wastewater experiments demonstrated that magnetic iron oxides, mainly magnetite and maghemite, had good adsorption capacity for As(V) and could achieve solid-liquid separation under a magnetic field. The removal ratio of As(V) was influenced by the potential and initial pH, and the presence of Cl- significantly enhanced the removal effect.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Adrian D. Metzgen, Andreas Dahmke, Markus Ebert
Summary: Increasing groundwater temperatures can accelerate anaerobic corrosion, affecting groundwater remediation techniques using zero-valent iron. Different ZVIs show varying corrosion rates at different temperatures, with surface precipitates playing a role in passivation and affecting long-term corrosion rates.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mingyang Song, Xiaolei Hu, Tianhang Gu, Wei-xian Zhang, Zilong Deng
Summary: In this study, a nanocellulose-based composite, NC-nZVI, was developed for efficient removal of nickel. The nZVI was anchored to nanocellulose through a liquid-phase reduction method, resulting in varied morphology and dispersion status. Among the developed composites, CNC-nZVI showed the most evenly distributed nZVI particles. The binding between NC and nZVI was achieved through hydrogen bonds, electrostatic attractions, coordination-covalent bonds, and steric hindrance. The CNC-nZVI composite exhibited significantly higher removal efficiency of Ni2+ compared to bare nZVI, and remained effective under a wide pH range and in the presence of interference ions like NO3-, Cl-, and Ca2+. The observed hollow-out structure and Tafel extrapolation curves indicated that CNC activated diffusion path and accelerated electronic transfer from nZVI. The superior removal performance of NC-nZVI and the abundance of raw materials make it a promising material for environmental remediation and wastewater treatment.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yue Hu, Kexin Ke, Hongwei Sun, Zuying Wang, Xuting Zhang, Wenjuan Shen, Shaping Huang, Wenguan Lu, Xiaobing Wang
Summary: This study focuses on surface modification of zero-valent iron using waste coffee grounds (CG) to enhance its reactivity. The modified CG-ZVI showed significantly faster removal of Cr(VI) and selective removal in the presence of other anions. Moreover, the CG-ZVI also acted as a reactive barrier material for in situ treatment of heavy metal-contaminated water. This research demonstrates the importance of CG modification in improving the reactivity of ZVI and presents a new utilization for discarded CG.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kai Wei, Hao Li, Huayu Gu, Xiufan Liu, Cancan Ling, Shiyu Cao, Meiqi Li, Minzi Liao, Xing Peng, Yanbiao Shi, Wenjuan Shen, Chuan Liang, Zhihui Ai, Lizhi Zhang
Summary: Strained-mZVI, achieved through boron doping to exert tensile strain on microscale zero-valent iron (mZVI), exhibits excellent performance in removing heavy metals and shows great potential in remediation of heavy metal-contaminated water and soil.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Ye, Yacen Mao, Liang Meng, Junjie Li, Xilin Li, Lishan Xiao, Ying Zhang, Fenghua Wang, Huan Deng
Summary: In this study, a novel composite (nZVI@PBC) consisting of nanoscale zero-valent iron supported by polycaprolactone-modified biochar was synthesized to address the pollution problem of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in groundwater. The composite coupled with Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 exhibited excellent removal performance for 1,1,1-TCA, with a removal rate of 82.98% within 360 h. The major improvement mechanisms include the nZVI-mediated chemical reductive dechlorination and the CN32-mediated microbial dissimilatory iron reduction.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chun Qing, Alan Nicol, Ping Li, Britta Planer-Friedrich, Changguo Yuan, Zhu Kou
Summary: In this study, the similarities and differences in As-S transformation processes were investigated in two Tibetan alkaline hot springs with different total As concentrations and sulfide/As ratios. Microorganisms, such as sulfur-reducing bacteria and arsenate-reducing bacteria, were found to play important roles in these processes. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and arsenite-oxidizing bacteria were responsible for the oxidation of As-bound S, leading to the formation of arsenite and arsenate.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Ecology
Felix de Tombeur, John A. Raven, Aurele Toussaint, Hans Lambers, Julia Cooke, Sue E. Hartley, Scott N. Johnson, Sylvain Coq, Ofir Katz, Jorg Schaller, Cyrille Violle
Summary: Despite previous studies focusing on Si supply and stress mitigation, the ecological significance of Si in plant biology and ecology remains understudied and challenging to capture. This paper highlights the high costs of Si accumulation and explores its potential links to fitness components, environment, and ecosystem functioning. The authors propose that Si may play a greater role in trait-based ecology than currently recognized, but knowledge gaps hinder understanding of its contribution to clade success and biome expansion.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xu Fang, Iso Christl, Andrea E. Colina Blanco, Britta Planer-Friedrich, Fang-Jie Zhao, Ruben Kretzschmar
Summary: Soil sulfate amendment and intermittent flooding can effectively decrease the accumulation of inorganic arsenic (iAs) in rice grains. Continuous flooding, regardless of sulfate amendment, leads to rice straighthead disease and increased accumulation of dimethylarsenate (DMA) in grains. The study indicates the importance of combining sulfate amendment and intermittent flooding for improving rice yield and quality in arsenic-affected areas.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Pengjie Hu, Yu Zhang, Jiajia Wang, Yanpei Du, Zimeng Wang, Qinghai Guo, Zezhen Pan, Xingmao Ma, Britta Planer-Friedrich, Yongming Luo, Longhua Wu
Summary: The formation of colloid- and nanoparticle-bound As is an important geochemical process that can affect the mobility and bioavailability of arsenic (As) in paddy environments. This study focused on the distribution and composition of particle-bound As in paddy soils under changing redox conditions. The results showed that organic matter-stabilized colloidal Fe, most likely in the form of (oxy)hydroxide-clay composite, is the main carrier of As. Soil reduction released As from the colloidal fractions, while reoxidation caused their rapid sedimentation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Luxia Wang, Qinghai Guo, Geng Wu, Zhicheng Yu, Jose Miguel Leon Ninin, Britta Planer-Friedrich
Summary: Hot springs are a significant source of arsenic release into the environment. Methylated thioarsenates, a group with high mobility and toxicity, contribute up to 13% of the total arsenic in hot spring samples from the Tengchong volcanic region in China. Methanogens, especially Methanosarcina, were found to be responsible for arsenic methylation, suggesting a combination of biotic arsenic methylation and arsenic thiolation in sulfide-rich hot spring environments.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Marius Klotz, Joerg Schaller, Bettina M. J. Engelbrecht
Summary: The availability of plant-available silicon (Si) in tropical soils varies greatly, and its ecological importance is largely unknown. Si availability can enhance plant growth and nutrient status, but its effects may vary across tropical tree species. Si-induced changes in foliar nutrient stoichiometry have the potential to impact herbivory and litter decomposition.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joerg Schaller, Peter Stimmler, Mathias Goeckede, Juergen Augustin, Fabrice Lacroix, Mathias Hoffmann
Summary: Arctic soils are the largest reservoir of soil organic carbon in the world. Rising temperatures in the Arctic and increased freeze-thaw cycles have significant impacts on CO2 fluxes in Arctic soils. Our study demonstrates that each freeze-thaw cycle decreases CO2 fluxes, and reveals the presence of considerable CO2 emission below 0 degrees C. We also show that Si and Ca concentrations play central roles in controlling Arctic soil CO2 release. Our findings highlight the need for further research on freeze-thaw cycles and the effects of Ca and Si on carbon fluxes in high latitudes.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruifang Hu, Jennifer A. Cooper, Samira H. Daroub, Carolin F. Kerl, Britta Planer-Friedrich, Angelia L. Seyfferth
Summary: A study was conducted in the Everglades Agricultural Area in southern Florida to investigate the concentrations of arsenic and cadmium in rice. The results showed that the levels of these trace elements in the rice grain were below regulatory limits, indicating a low health risk for consumers.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Carolin F. Kerl, M. Dolores Basallote, Merle Kaeberich, Erica Oldani, Nathalia P. Ceron Espejo, Andrea E. Colina Blanco, Carlos Ruiz Canovas, Jose Miguel Nieto, Britta Planer-Friedrich
Summary: Ria of Huelva in Spain is a highly metal(loid)-contaminated estuary system. Predicted sea level rise will cause flooding with brackish water or seawater, posing risks of metal(loid) mobilization. Factors affecting mobilization include pH, salinity, wave movement, and carbon input. Long-term flooding can lead to neutralization of sediment pH and limit cation mobilization, but high contaminant load suggests mobilization could last for over 1000 years.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Daniel Puppe, Danuta Kaczorek, Christian Buhtz, Joerg Schaller
Summary: Several methods are used to determine silicon (Si) contents in plant materials, but none of them has become prevalent due to their advantages and drawbacks. Alkaline extraction using chemicals like sodium carbonate is widely used because it is simple and cheap. However, there is a lack of comprehensive comparison between different alkaline extractions and understanding of the relationship between Si content in plants and soil silicon availability. This study compared different alkaline extractions and found that Tiron was more efficient in extracting Si compared to sodium carbonate. Phytolith contents in plant samples were strongly correlated to Si contents obtained from extractions, especially in husk samples.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joerg Schaller, Reena Macagga, Danuta Kaczorek, Juergen Augustin, Dietmar Barkusky, Michael Sommer, Mathias Hoffmann
Summary: Increased crop production to feed the predicted human population is a main goal, but current management practices are not sustainable due to high fertilizer application and vulnerability to decreased soil water availability. Increasing soil C sequestration through single time fertilization with amorphous silicon (ASi) can potentially decrease greenhouse gas emissions. This study demonstrates how ASi fertilization affects crop yield and soil C sequestration in an agricultural system cultivating wheat, showing increased yield and biomass production as well as soil C uptake. This provides a new management strategy for sustainable crop production.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Marius Klotz, Joerg Schaller, Bettina M. J. Engelbrecht
Summary: This study found that silicon-based defenses play a significant role in deterring insect herbivores in tropical tree species. However, the uptake and defense mechanisms of silicon are influenced by external factors and vary across different species.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Peter Stimmler, Mathias Goeckede, Bo Elberling, Susan Natali, Peter Kuhry, Nia Perron, Fabrice Lacroix, Gustaf Hugelius, Oliver Sonnentag, Jens Strauss, Christina Minions, Michael Sommer, Joerg Schaller
Summary: Arctic soils store significant amounts of organic carbon and various elements, including amorphous silicon, calcium, iron, aluminum, and phosphorous. The Arctic is expected to experience the most prominent effects of global warming, resulting in the thawing of permafrost and altering the availability of soil elements. This study analyzed the content of amorphous silicon (ASi) in Arctic soils, as well as the availability of silicon, calcium, iron, phosphorous, and aluminum using Mehlich III extractions. The findings revealed substantial differences in ASi fraction and element availability among different lithologies and Arctic regions, which were summarized in pan-Arctic maps.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Leonardo Bassi, Justus Hennecke, Cynthia Albracht, Maximilian Broecher, Marcel Dominik Solbach, Jorg Schaller, Van Cong Doan, Heiko Wagner, Nico Eisenhauer, Anne Ebeling, Sebastian T. Meyer, Nicole M. van Dam, Alexandra Weigelt
Summary: Plant monocultures growing for extended periods can suffer from yield decline, which is caused by the accumulation of plant antagonists. Using a trait-based approach, this study examined the role of physical and chemical defense traits of leaves and fine roots in yield decline of 27 grassland species. The results showed that traits related to root economics and leaf physical versus chemical defense tradeoff were significant predictors of yield decline.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Hassan Etesami, Byoung Ryong Jeong, Frans J. M. Maathuis, Joerg Schaller
Summary: Rice cultivation in regions with elevated arsenic concentrations poses a health concern. Silicon and Si nanoparticles have potential in reducing arsenic accumulation, but their effectiveness is influenced by initial silicon levels in the soil and silicon introduced through fertilization. Low silicon additions may increase arsenic uptake, while higher silicon concentrations may alleviate arsenic uptake and toxicity. Silicate-solubilizing bacteria can enhance silicon availability and regulate the biogeochemical cycle, synergistically affecting arsenic resistance.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)