Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
J. Schilling, M. Entrup, M. Hopp, J. Gross, A. Bardow
Summary: In this study, a method for the integrated design of Organic Rankine Cycles and working fluid mixtures was presented, taking into account the molecular structure and composition of the mixtures during process optimization and optimizing equipment sizing for thermodynamic and economic objectives. The method was demonstrated for the design of an Organic Rankine Cycle for waste heat recovery, identifying optimal working fluid mixtures and corresponding optimal processes and equipment to achieve efficiency and cost savings.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Thermodynamics
Fariborz Shaahmadi, Sonja A. M. Smith, Cara E. Schwarz, Andries J. Burger, Jamie T. Cripwell
Summary: This article reviews and assesses recent advances and applications of group-contribution methods (GCMs) implemented in the Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (SAFT) equations of state (EoSs). SAFT EoSs are advanced and effective thermodynamic models with predictive capabilities and strong molecular foundations. GCMs are simple and useful approaches that enhance the predictive ability and applicability of EoSs, particularly for complex systems. The use of GCMs in SAFT has the advantage of transferable functional group parameters, reducing the effort in system-specific model fitting and regression.
FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ozum Calli, C. Ozgur Colpan, Huseyin Gunerhan
Summary: This paper presents the modeling and simulation of a solar and biomass powered organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system under part load behavior. Exergy based thermoeconomic analysis is applied to determine electricity cost throughout the year. A case study shows that supplying electricity demand with both the ORC and the electrical power grid costs $5238.6 per year, which is 30% more profitable than that with only the electrical power grid.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Enhua Wang, Jingwen Mao, Bo Zhang, Yongzhen Wang
Summary: Novel working fluids for a high-temperature organic Rankine cycle (ORC) can be designed using the computer-aided molecular design (CAMD) method. The study investigated the working fluid design approach using CAMD and analyzed the thermodynamic performances of the top 10 working fluids. The results showed high prediction accuracy for the net power of ORC using the PC-SAFT Equation of State, but deviations existed for the PC-SAFT parameters when using the group contribution method.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jui-Ching Hsieh, Chun-Chieh Lai, Yen-Hsun Chen
Summary: The performance and economy of a waste heat recovery system with a fin tube heat exchanger and an organic Rankine cycle system were investigated. It was found that the temperature and mass flow rate of the flue gas had positive and negative effects on the output power, while the evaporation temperature had a positive effect on the effectiveness of the heat exchanger. Furthermore, the system performance and economy can be improved by adjusting the flow rate of the working fluid through the expander.
Article
Thermodynamics
Michele Valsecchi, Amparo Galindo, George Jackson
Summary: The thermodynamic properties of aqueous mixtures of polyethylene glycol (PEG) are described using the SAFT-gamma Mie group-contribution equation of state. The model successfully predicts the miscibility gaps in a temperature range and shows good agreement with experimental results.
FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Ye Seol Lee, Amparo Galindo, George Jackson, Claire S. Adjiman
Summary: The search for improved CO2 capture solvents using computer-aided molecular and process design (CAMPD) techniques is challenging due to nonlinear interactions. A methodology using SAFT-gamma Mie group contribution approach is developed to solve the CAMPD problem for absorption-desorption processes. Feasibility tests are introduced to reduce the search space, resulting in more promising solvents compared to sequential molecular design approaches.
COMPUTERS & CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
M. Hatef Seyyedvalilu, V Zare, F. Mohammadkhani
Summary: Two novel trigeneration cycles based on AHTs are proposed for power generation, freshwater production, and heating effects using low-temperature geothermal energy, with high efficiency and economic performance. The double-effect AHT system shows the highest power output and is significantly influenced by the temperatures of AHT components.
Article
Thermodynamics
Maziyar Hekmatshoar, Mahdi Deymi-Dashtebayaz, Mohammad Gholizadeh, Daryoush Dadpour, Mostafa Delpisheh
Summary: This study proposes a geothermal-driven multi-generation system that can cogenerate power, freshwater, and hydrogen. Through numerical modeling and optimization, it is found that the system can significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions and save taxes compared to fossil fuels, while producing freshwater and hydrogen with different geothermal water mass flow rates.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Khademi, Abolfazl Ahmadi, Reza Dashti, Reza Shirmohammadi
Summary: This paper presents the simulation and optimization of a combined supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle, an organic Rankine cycle, and a multi-effect distillation system driven by solar energy. The study aims to achieve power generation and freshwater production without fuel consumption by utilizing solar collectors and storage tanks. The simulation of the combined cycle is carried out using engineering equation solver software, and the energy and exergy efficiency changes are evaluated under different parameters. A multi-objective optimization considering exergy efficiency and system cost is performed using genetic algorithm in Matlab software. The decision variables of the cycle include various parameters related to temperature, pressure, and flow rate. The optimization aims to reduce electricity generation cost and improve exergy efficiency. The results show the maximum exergy efficiency of 61.78% and the minimum cost of electricity production of 0.2617 $/kWh. The multi-effect distillation system produces 530.9 KgS freshwater in 15 stages.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Johan Gonzalez, Jose Matias Garrido, Hector Quinteros-Lama
Summary: This study compares two objective functions, the maximum efficiency function and the maximum net power output function, to achieve the optimal conditions in organic Rankine cycles. The results show that these objective functions and the maximum entropy point provide excellent references for describing the optimal conditions. These references enable finding the optimal operating conditions within a determined temperature range, named the optimal temperature range of the boiler in this study, for any working fluid.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Malak Wehbe, Andrew J. Haslam, Salvador Garcia-Munoz, George Jackson, Amparo Galindo
Summary: This passage discusses the properties of formaldehyde and the influence of its chemical reactions on formaldehyde solutions, with a focus on predicting the vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) in such solutions. The SAFT-gamma Mie group-contribution (GC) equation of state is used to model the behavior of formaldehyde mixtures with water and methanol, considering the implicit oligomerization reactions. The approach shows good agreement with experimental data and accurately predicts the VLE of ternary formaldehyde + water + methanol mixtures.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yichun Dong, Hubertus Gilbert Warsahartana, Faisal Hammad, Andrew Masters
Summary: The SAFT-gamma Mie model, extended to ionic liquids for the first time in this study, shows good agreement between calculated values and experimental data for various systems, indicating its versatility and accuracy.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pedro Morgado, Joao Barras, Amparo Galindo, George Jackson, Eduardo J. M. Filipe
Summary: The solubility of water in a mixture of hydrogenated and perfluorinated chains is experimentally and theoretically determined, showing an enhancement compared to pure solvents. The SAFT-gamma Mie group-contribution approach accurately predicts the solubility of water in different solvents, with a single parameter describing the interaction between water and the CH2CF2 group responsible for the increased solubility.
Article
Thermodynamics
Taotao Zhan, Yuhang Chen, Ao Dong, Maogang He, Ying Zhang
Summary: In this study, a novel intrinsic-group contribution perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory (iGC-PC-SAFT) was proposed for predicting the thermodynamic properties of working fluids in high-temperature organic Rankine cycles (ORCs). The iGC-PC-SAFT parameters were determined by adjusting the initial values and ranges according to the changes in molecular structures, and a global optimization algorithm was used for obtaining the final parameters. The iGC-PC-SAFT equation of state (EoS) was employed to calculate the thermodynamic properties of the working fluids.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Muhammad A. Kamel, Aleksei S. Lobasov, Surya Narayan, Konstantin S. Pervunin, Christos N. Markides
Summary: This study investigates the growth mechanism and process of hydrate formation by observing the process on a water drop immersed in liquid cyclopentane. The study reveals that the morphology of hydrate film changes with the subcooling temperature, and the growth rate of hydrate varies with the degree of subcooling.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Wei He, Gan Huang, Christos N. Markides
Summary: Solar desalination is a sustainable solution for global water scarcity, especially in remote areas of developing countries. The integration of solar photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) with desalination can improve the efficiency, productivity, and independence of solar desalination processes. The combination of electrical and thermal energy outputs from PVT panels can catalyze the improvement of solar energy efficiency, specific energy consumption, water production, and operational independence for off-grid applications. Our analysis suggests that PVT-desalination can be a more cost-effective and sustainable solution compared to current solar PV-desalination and ST-desalination.
Article
Thermodynamics
Shunmin Zhu, Kai Wang, Iker Gonzalez-Pino, Jian Song, Guoyao Yu, Ercang Luo, Christos N. Markides
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of a micro-combined heat and power (CHP) system, including hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) collectors, a Stirling engine (SE), and energy storage. The results show that the system can achieve a high degree of self-sufficiency and energy savings, but the initial investment is currently high.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gan Huang, Jingyuan Xu, Christos N. Markides
Summary: Most solar energy incident (>70%) on commercial photovoltaic panels is converted into heat, causing a decrease in electrical performance. The solar utilisation efficiency is typically below 25%. However, a hybrid multi-generation photovoltaic leaf concept using biomimetic transpiration structure can effectively manage heat and improve electrical efficiency by 13.6%. Additionally, it can also generate thermal energy and clean water, increasing the overall solar utilisation efficiency to over 74.5% and producing more than 1.1 L/h/m(2) of clean water.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alexandra Melnik, Alena Bogoslovtseva, Anna Petrova, Alexey Safonov, Christos N. Markides
Summary: Membranes with different wetting angles were synthesized by depositing fluoropolymer coatings onto metal meshes using HW CVD. These membranes were highly effective for separating water-oil emulsions, with separation efficiency over 99%. The smaller the pore size of the membranes, the higher the separation efficiency.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthias Mersch, Christos N. Markides, Niall Mac Dowell
Summary: Recent increases in natural gas prices have highlighted the tensions between net-zero transitions, energy security, and affordability. This study examines the impact of various fuel prices on the energy system transition, with a focus on the power and heating sectors and the emerging hydrogen sector. The findings reveal that the heating sector is highly sensitive to gas prices, while the power sector is not qualitatively affected. The study also emphasizes the importance of bioenergy and the need for resilient energy systems in the face of uncertain gas and biomass prices.
Article
Thermodynamics
Muhammad Ahmad Jamil, Muhammad Wakil Shahzad, Ben Bin Xu, Muhammad Imran, Kim Choon Ng, Syed M. Zubair, Christos N. Markides, William M. Worek
Summary: There has been a significant increase in cooling demand in recent decades. The current focus of research in cooling is on the development of unconventional, sustainable cooling systems, such as indirect evaporative coolers, which have shown great potential. However, these systems are still in the development stage and face certain design challenges.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Matthias Mersch, Paul Sapin, Andreas Olympios, Yulong Ding, Niall Mac Dowell, Christos N. Markides
Summary: Compressed-air energy storage is an attractive solution for meeting the increasing storage demands of electricity grids with high renewable generation. It is a proven technology that can store large amounts of electricity at a competitive cost and efficiency. However, careful design is necessary to achieve these benefits.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Marko Aunedi, Abdullah A. Al Kindi, Antonio M. Pantaleo, Christos N. Markides, Goran Strbac
Summary: This paper proposes a system modelling approach to identify configurations of flexible nuclear plants that minimize costs. The results suggest that cost-efficient flexible nuclear configurations should adapt to the system they are located in. The lowest-cost system configuration includes additional secondary generation capacity, thermal storage capacity, and a discharging duration of 2.2 hours.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
A. Tafuni, A. Giannotta, M. Mersch, A. M. Pantaleo, R. Amirante, C. N. Markides, P. De Palma
Summary: This paper presents a numerical study of a thermal solar plant using a seasonal dual-media sensible heat thermal energy storage system to supply the energy demand of a greenhouse in Italy. A low-cost pit storage system made of gravel and water was evaluated for its technical and economic performance. The study analyzed the charging and discharging phases based on real heating demand and weather data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of the cost of heat with respect to collector area and storage volume. The results demonstrate the feasibility of dual-media thermal energy storage systems with solar collectors in reducing greenhouse emissions.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Marko Aunedi, Andreas Olympios, Antonio M. Pantaleo, Christos N. Markides, Goran Strbac
Summary: This research explores the potential of various combinations of heating technologies, such as electric heat pumps, hydrogen boilers, electric boilers, hydrogen absorption heat pumps, and thermal energy storage, to provide cost-efficient low-carbon heat supply. The study finds that a portfolio of low-carbon heating technologies coupled with thermal energy storage is preferred, with electric heat pumps delivering the majority of the heat energy. The diversity of heat demand has a significant impact on the cost-effective mix of heating technologies.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Pooya Hoseinpoori, Richard Hanna, Jeremy Woods, Christos N. Markides, Nilay Shah
Summary: This paper adopts a whole-system approach to explore different strategies related to the future role of the gas grid in low-carbon heat systems. The findings suggest that the total system transition cost is relatively similar despite variations in infrastructure requirements, fuel or resource mix, and cost distribution among scenarios. The analysis highlights the importance of considering trade-offs between short- and long-term energy security risks and consumer investments when determining the roles of low-carbon gases and electrification for decarbonizing heating. Additionally, combining different strategies, like integrating heat pumps with increased thermal storage capacity and installing hybrid heat pumps with gas boilers, can effectively moderate infrastructure requirements, consumer costs, and reliability risks.
ENERGY STRATEGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Abdullah M. Maghrabi, Jian Song, Paul Sapin, Christos N. Markides
Summary: This article investigates industrial waste heat recovery technologies and develops tools to evaluate their sustainability and techno-economic impact. A data-driven technology-agnostic approach is used to assess the effectiveness of heat engines and thermally-driven heat pumps in reducing industrial electricity demand. The results show that this approach has the potential to significantly reduce emissions and has a reasonable payback time, depending on the scenario.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT-X
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yong Cheng, Fukai Song, Lei Fu, Saishuai Dai, Zhiming Yuan, Atilla Incecik
Summary: This paper investigates the accessibility of wave energy absorption by a dual-pontoon floating breakwater integrated with hybrid-type wave energy converters (WECs) and proposes a hydraulic-pneumatic complementary energy extraction method. The performance of the system is validated through experiments and comparative analysis.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jing Gao, Chao Wang, Zhanwu Wang, Jin Lin, Runkai Zhang, Xin Wu, Guangyin Xu, Zhenfeng Wang
Summary: This study aims to establish a new integrated method for biomass cogeneration project site selection, with a focus on the application of the model in Henan Province. By integrating Geographic Information System and Multiple Criterion Decision Making methods, the study conducts site selection in two stages, providing a theoretical reference for the construction of biomass cogeneration projects.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mert Temiz, Ibrahim Dincer
Summary: The current study presents a hybrid small modular nuclear reactor and solar-based system for sustainable communities, integrating floating and bifacial photovoltaic arrays with a small modular reactor. The system efficiently generates power, hydrogen, ammonia, freshwater, and heat for residential, agricultural, and aquaculture facilities. Thermodynamic analysis shows high energy and exergy efficiencies, as well as large-scale ammonia production meeting the needs of metropolitan areas. The hybridization of nuclear and solar technologies offers advantages of reliability, environmental friendliness, and cost efficiency compared to renewable-alone and fossil-based systems.
Editorial Material
Thermodynamics
Wojciech Stanek, Wojciech Adamczyk
Article
Thermodynamics
Desheng Xu, Yanfeng Li, Tianmei Du, Hua Zhong, Youbo Huang, Lei Li, Xiangling Duanmu
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of hybrid mechanical-natural ventilation for smoke control in complex metro stations. The results show that atrium fires are more significantly impacted by outdoor temperature variations compared to concourse/platform fires. The gathered high-temperature smoke inside the atrium can reach up to 900 K under a 5 MW train fire energy release. The findings provide crucial engineering insights into integrating weather data and adaptable ventilation protocols for smoke prevention/mitigation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Da Guo, Heping Xie, Mingzhong Gao, Jianan Li, Zhiqiang He, Ling Chen, Cong Li, Le Zhao, Dingming Wang, Yiwei Zhang, Xin Fang, Guikang Liu, Zhongya Zhou, Lin Dai
Summary: This study proposes a new in-situ pressure-preserved coring tool and elaborates its pressure-preserving mechanism. The experimental and field test results demonstrate that this tool has a high pressure-preservation capability and can maintain a stable pressure in deep wells. This study provides a theoretical framework and design standards for the development of similar technologies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Aolin Lai, Qunwei Wang
Summary: This study assesses the impact of China's de-capacity policy on renewable energy development efficiency (REDE) using the Global-MSBM model and the difference-in-differences method. The findings indicate that the policy significantly enhances REDE, promoting technological advancements and marketization. Moreover, regions with stricter environmental regulations experience a higher impact.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Ghasemi, Hegazy Rezk
Summary: This study utilizes fuzzy modeling and optimization to enhance the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). By simulating and analyzing experimental data sets, the ideal parameter values for increasing power density, COD elimination, and coulombic efficiency were determined. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy model and optimization methods can significantly improve the performance of MFCs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhang Ruan, Lianzhong Huang, Kai Wang, Ranqi Ma, Zhongyi Wang, Rui Zhang, Haoyang Zhao, Cong Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a grey box model for fuel consumption prediction of wing-diesel hybrid vessels based on feature construction. By using both parallel and series grey box modeling methods and six machine learning algorithms, twelve combinations of prediction models are established. A feature construction method based on the aerodynamic performance of the wing and the energy relationship of the hybrid system is introduced. The best combination is obtained by considering the root mean square error, and it shows improved accuracy compared to the white box model. The proposed grey box model can accurately predict the daily fuel consumption of wing-diesel hybrid vessels, contributing to operational optimization and the greenization and decarbonization of the shipping industry.
Article
Thermodynamics
Huayi Chang, Nico Heerink, Junbiao Zhang, Ke He
Summary: This study examines the interaction between off-farm employment decisions between couples and household clean energy consumption in rural China, and finds that two-paycheck households are more likely to consume clean energy. The off-farm employment of women is a key factor driving household clean energy consumption to a higher level, with wage-employed wives having a stronger influence on these decisions than self-employed ones.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hanguan Wen, Xiufeng Liu, Ming Yang, Bo Lei, Xu Cheng, Zhe Chen
Summary: Demand-side management is crucial to smart energy systems. This paper proposes a data-driven approach to understand the relationship between energy consumption patterns and household characteristics for better DSM services. The proposed method uses a clustering algorithm to generate optimal customer groups for DSM and a deep learning model for training. The model can predict the possibility of DSM membership for a given household. The results demonstrate the usefulness of weekly energy consumption data and household socio-demographic information for distinguishing consumer groups and the potential for targeted DSM strategies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinglan Hou, Xiuping Zhong, Shuaishuai Nie, Yafei Wang, Guigang Tu, Yingrui Ma, Kunyan Liu, Chen Chen
Summary: This study explores the feasibility of utilizing a multi-level horizontal branch well heat recovery system in the Qiabuqia geothermal field. The research systematically investigates the effects of various engineering parameters on production temperature, establishes mathematical models to describe their relationships, and evaluates the economic viability of the system. The findings demonstrate the significant economic feasibility of the multi-level branch well system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Longxin Zhang, Songtao Wang, Site Hu
Summary: This investigation reveals the influence of tip leakage flow on the modern transonic rotor and finds that the increase of tip clearance size leads to a decline in rotor performance. However, an optimal tip clearance size can extend the rotor's stall margin.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kristian Gjoka, Behzad Rismanchi, Robert H. Crawford
Summary: This paper proposes a framework for assessing the performance of 5GDHC systems and demonstrates it through a case study in a university campus in Melbourne, Australia. The results show that 5GDHC systems are a cost-effective and environmentally viable solution in mild climates, and their successful implementation in Australia can create new market opportunities and potential adoption in other countries with similar climatic conditions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianwei Li, Guotai Wang, Panpan Yang, Yongshuang Wen, Leian Zhang, Rujun Song, Chengwei Hou
Summary: This study proposes an orientation-adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester by introducing a rotatable bluff body, which allows for self-regulation to cater for changing wind flow direction. Experimental results show that the output power of the energy harvester can be greatly enhanced with increased rotatory inertia of the rotating bluff body, providing a promising solution for harnessing wind-induced vibration energy.