Article
Energy & Fuels
Akram Sandvall, Martin Hagberg, Kristina Lygnerud
Summary: The utilization of urban excess heat in district heating systems can improve competitiveness and reduce costs. Replacing boilers in DH systems and buildings with UEH can further enhance overall benefits.
ENERGY STRATEGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Markus Fritz, Margaux Savin, Ali Aydemir
Summary: The use of industrial excess heat is important for the expansion and decarbonization of district heating networks. However, the factors and barriers for implementing excess heat recovery projects are uncertain. Through expert interviews and literature review, it is found that projects often rely on individuals, communication between stakeholders is insufficient, relevant stakeholders are unaware of excess heat recovery opportunities, and financial aspects play an important role in decision-making.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jelena Ziemele, Anna Volkova, Eduard Latosov, Lina Murauskaite, Vytautas Dziuve
Summary: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the integration of waste heat into a district heating system in the Baltic capitals. The study shows that the integration of waste heat is economically feasible and reduces energy poverty, especially when fuel prices increase.
Article
Thermodynamics
Meng Yuan, Jakob Zinck Thellufsen, Peter Sorknaes, Henrik Lund, Yongtu Liang
Summary: The study highlights the importance of finding a balance between industrial excess heat and heat pumps in future district heating systems to transition towards 100% renewable energy. Through comprehensive techno-economic analysis, an optimal district heating strategy can be determined to achieve a low-cost carbon-neutral system and reveal effective interactions between different sectors.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Fabio Giunta, Samer Sawalha
Summary: This study investigates the potential of utilizing spare heating capacity in CO2 refrigeration systems in supermarkets to produce heat for sale to district heating network operators. Two control strategies are assessed, along with the integration of geothermal storage with the CO2 system. A sensitivity analysis indicates that the economic viability of this solution is greater when connected to a district heating network with a lower return temperature.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ieva Pakere, Maksims Feofilovs, Kertu Lepiksaar, Valdis Vitolins, Dagnija Blumberga
Summary: Implementing innovation and sustainable development of district heating requires sound energy planning at the national and local levels. Research shows that phasing out natural gas and integrating heat pumps can increase energy efficiency and reduce heating costs, with the help of waste heat utilization and increased thermal storage capacity.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Pia Manz, Katerina Kermeli, Urban Persson, Marius Neuwirth, Tobias Fleiter, Wina Crijns-Graus
Summary: Energy-intensive industries in the EU release excess heat into the environment, which can be utilized for district heating systems. However, current utilization is limited, and there is significant untapped potential for decarbonization of district heating through industrial excess heat. Research using a georeferenced industrial database shows a substantial future potential for utilizing industrial excess heat in district heating.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Olaia Eguiarte, Antonio Garrido-Marijuan, Roberto Garay-Martinez, Margus Raud, Indrek Hagu
Summary: Recently, there has been a trend towards reducing temperatures in district heating networks to improve sustainability. However, there is still insufficient knowledge on how to successfully transition to a low temperature district heating system while maintaining operational levels. This paper presents the experience of gradually reducing temperatures in a district heating subnetwork in Tartu, Estonia from 2018 to 2021. Heat meter data was used extensively to assess the capacity of substations and network branches, leading to targeted improvements and interventions. The ongoing process has shown a 4.8% reduction in network heat loss through a temperature decrease of 7 degrees Celsius.
Article
Thermodynamics
A. Khosravi, T. Laukkanen, V. Vuorinen, S. Syri
Summary: The city of Espoo, Finland is planning to develop Kera as a green suburb with high energy efficiency and low CO2 emissions. The study found that the heat pump scenario is an efficient and cost-effective way to retrieve waste heat from the data center and 5G smart poles.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Anna Volkova, Ieva Pakere, Lina Murauskaite, Pei Huang, Kertu Lepiksaar, Xinxing Zhang
Summary: The 5th Generation District Heating and Cooling (5GDHC) network offers numerous advantages including integration of low-temperature resources, bi-directional operation, decentralised energy flows, and potential energy sharing. This study evaluates the prospects of implementing 5GDHC systems in the Baltic states and identifies Lithuania as having the most favorable conditions for implementation, while Estonia shows the greatest potential for heat pumps and excess heat utilization in 5GDHC systems.
Article
Thermodynamics
Lin Fu, Yonghong Li, Yanting Wu, Xiaoyin Wang, Yi Jiang
Summary: The study introduces a low carbon district heating system that is suitable for large cities in Northern China, aiming to reduce energy consumption, emissions, and improve the economics of the heating systems.
Article
Thermodynamics
Monica Arnaudo, Fabio Giunta, Johan Dalgren, Monika Topel, Samer Sawalha, Bjorn Laumert
Summary: Recovering heat from local resources shows promise in reducing the carbon footprint of district heating, with supermarkets equipped with CO2 refrigeration systems and geothermal storage offering increased heating capacity. By implementing a coordinated control strategy, both technical, economic, and environmental impacts can be assessed, with utilizing power-to-heat as a solution to decrease overall CO2 emissions. The study demonstrates the potential of reducing the district's carbon footprint through an intensity-driven control while showing economic advantages for both the district and the supermarket with a price-based control.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
R. Skvorcinskiene, N. Striugas, A. Galinis, V Lekavicius, E. Kurkela, M. Kurkela, R. Lukosevicius, M. Radinas, A. Sermuksniene
Summary: This article proposes a new concept of tri-generation of Fischer-Tropsch products, heat, and power for future energy markets. The feasibility and economic attractiveness of the concept are examined through a techno-economic assessment, providing a new solution to reduce fossil fuel usage and improve the efficiency of district heating systems.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kristina Lygnerud, Sofia Klugman, Nathalie Fransson, Johanna Nilsson
Summary: Excess heat has the potential to meet a significant portion of the heat demand in the European building sector, but its recovery is hindered by various barriers. This study examines the perceived risk exposure of industrial excess heat recovery collaborations and confirms previously identified obstacles, such as valuation of excess heat and lack of regulation. However, the study suggests that the perceived risks are exaggerated and that combining experience with standardized policies can significantly reduce the risk exposure of new collaborations.
Article
Thermodynamics
Luca Cioccolanti, Massimiliano Renzi, Gabriele Comodi, Mose Rossi
Summary: Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) from energy intensive industries, especially in the pulp and paper sector, can significantly reduce CO2 emissions and save energy. District Heating (DH) is an effective solution to satisfy heating demand and connect residential buildings to cogeneration plants. The proposed method allows for evaluating thermal power distribution and assessing the environmental and energy benefits of WHR.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gunnar Lennermo, Patrick Lauenburg, Sven Werner
Article
Energy & Fuels
Kristina Lygnerud
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kristina Lygnerud, Edward Wheatcroft, Henry Wynn
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2019)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ece Calikus, Slawomir Nowaczyk, Anita Sant'Anna, Henrik Gadd, Sven Werner
Article
Thermodynamics
Helge Averfalk, Sven Werner
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edward Wheatcroft, Henry Wynn, Kristina Lygnerud, Giorgio Bonvicini, Daniela Leonte
Article
Energy & Fuels
Akram Sandvall, Martin Hagberg, Kristina Lygnerud
Summary: The utilization of urban excess heat in district heating systems can improve competitiveness and reduce costs. Replacing boilers in DH systems and buildings with UEH can further enhance overall benefits.
ENERGY STRATEGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edward Wheatcroft, Henry P. Wynn, Victoria Volodina, Chris J. Dent, Kristina Lygnerud
Summary: This paper focuses on the efficiency of urban waste heat recovery and suggests that Technical, Economic, Social, and Environmental efficiencies should be given equal consideration. It also argues for mathematical modelling as the basis for contracts and proposes a profit-sharing approach for waste heat pricing, with variations based on demand and electricity prices. The demonstration uses a simple model of a waste heat recovery system in Brunswick, Germany.
Article
Thermodynamics
Henrik Lund, Poul Alberg Ostergaard, Tore Bach Nielsen, Sven Werner, Jan Eric Thorsen, Oddgeir Gudmundsson, Ahmad Arabkoohsar, Brian Vad Mathiesen
Summary: This article compares the differences and similarities between fourth-generation district heating (4GDH) and fifth-generation district heating and cooling (5GDHC) in terms of their goals and abilities, finding that they share common objectives in decarbonization and to some extent, essential abilities. Fifth-generation district heating and cooling focuses on combined heating and cooling using a collective network close to ambient temperature levels as a heat source or sink for building-level heat pumps.
Article
Business
Kristina Lygnerud, Anna Nilsson
Summary: The study confirms the perceived values of ridesharing, but does not identify the customer segment. It emphasizes the importance of a digital platform and securing the necessary vehicle resources.
RESEARCH IN TRANSPORTATION BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dietrich Schmidt, Kristina Lygnerud, Sven Werner, Roman Geyer, Harald Schrammel, Dorte Skaarup Ostergaard, Oddgeir Gudmundsson
Summary: Low temperature district heating is considered as a key technology for integrating renewable energy and waste heat sources in energy systems to achieve climate goals. These systems have been proven to be feasible, efficient, and reliable under various conditions, but there are challenges that require further research on innovative heating concepts.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Katinka Johansen, Sven Werner
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the district heating system in Denmark, discussing its past, present, and future perspectives. The Danish district heating system stands out internationally due to its heat planning strategies, technical solutions, energy efficiency and sustainability, ownership models and financing. The future challenges for the Danish district heating sector include increasing biomass import dependency, the changing role of combined heat and power plants, transitions to non-combustion heat supplies, and competition from individual heat pumps. However, the development of "smart" thermal grids will facilitate sector coupling processes as more renewable energy resources are integrated into the energy system.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Poul Alberg Ostergaard, Sven Werner, Anders Dyrelund, Henrik Lund, Ahmad Arabkoohsar, Peter Sorknaes, Oddgeir Gudmundsson, Jan Eric Thorsen, Brian Vad Mathiesen
Summary: Research on new advanced district heating concepts has been increasing since the definition of the first four generations of district heating in 2014. The fourth generation, which includes cross-sectoral integration into smart energy systems, has provided a framework for potential futures in district heating. To create a similar framework for district cooling, this paper defines the four generations of district cooling, which includes the development of different cooling systems and their integration with other energy sectors.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kristina Lygnerud, Sofia Klugman, Nathalie Fransson, Johanna Nilsson
Summary: Excess heat has the potential to meet a significant portion of the heat demand in the European building sector, but its recovery is hindered by various barriers. This study examines the perceived risk exposure of industrial excess heat recovery collaborations and confirms previously identified obstacles, such as valuation of excess heat and lack of regulation. However, the study suggests that the perceived risks are exaggerated and that combining experience with standardized policies can significantly reduce the risk exposure of new collaborations.
Article
Thermodynamics
Sven Werner
Summary: This paper presents the findings and conclusions from an inventory of network configurations implemented in several early projects concerning low-temperature district heating systems, which were implemented in both existing and new networks. The main feature is the choice between a cold or warm network for heat distribution, and the suitability of each network configuration depends on the temperatures of the available heat sources. Fourteen possible network configurations were identified for low-temperature district heating.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yong Cheng, Fukai Song, Lei Fu, Saishuai Dai, Zhiming Yuan, Atilla Incecik
Summary: This paper investigates the accessibility of wave energy absorption by a dual-pontoon floating breakwater integrated with hybrid-type wave energy converters (WECs) and proposes a hydraulic-pneumatic complementary energy extraction method. The performance of the system is validated through experiments and comparative analysis.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jing Gao, Chao Wang, Zhanwu Wang, Jin Lin, Runkai Zhang, Xin Wu, Guangyin Xu, Zhenfeng Wang
Summary: This study aims to establish a new integrated method for biomass cogeneration project site selection, with a focus on the application of the model in Henan Province. By integrating Geographic Information System and Multiple Criterion Decision Making methods, the study conducts site selection in two stages, providing a theoretical reference for the construction of biomass cogeneration projects.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mert Temiz, Ibrahim Dincer
Summary: The current study presents a hybrid small modular nuclear reactor and solar-based system for sustainable communities, integrating floating and bifacial photovoltaic arrays with a small modular reactor. The system efficiently generates power, hydrogen, ammonia, freshwater, and heat for residential, agricultural, and aquaculture facilities. Thermodynamic analysis shows high energy and exergy efficiencies, as well as large-scale ammonia production meeting the needs of metropolitan areas. The hybridization of nuclear and solar technologies offers advantages of reliability, environmental friendliness, and cost efficiency compared to renewable-alone and fossil-based systems.
Editorial Material
Thermodynamics
Wojciech Stanek, Wojciech Adamczyk
Article
Thermodynamics
Desheng Xu, Yanfeng Li, Tianmei Du, Hua Zhong, Youbo Huang, Lei Li, Xiangling Duanmu
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of hybrid mechanical-natural ventilation for smoke control in complex metro stations. The results show that atrium fires are more significantly impacted by outdoor temperature variations compared to concourse/platform fires. The gathered high-temperature smoke inside the atrium can reach up to 900 K under a 5 MW train fire energy release. The findings provide crucial engineering insights into integrating weather data and adaptable ventilation protocols for smoke prevention/mitigation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Da Guo, Heping Xie, Mingzhong Gao, Jianan Li, Zhiqiang He, Ling Chen, Cong Li, Le Zhao, Dingming Wang, Yiwei Zhang, Xin Fang, Guikang Liu, Zhongya Zhou, Lin Dai
Summary: This study proposes a new in-situ pressure-preserved coring tool and elaborates its pressure-preserving mechanism. The experimental and field test results demonstrate that this tool has a high pressure-preservation capability and can maintain a stable pressure in deep wells. This study provides a theoretical framework and design standards for the development of similar technologies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Aolin Lai, Qunwei Wang
Summary: This study assesses the impact of China's de-capacity policy on renewable energy development efficiency (REDE) using the Global-MSBM model and the difference-in-differences method. The findings indicate that the policy significantly enhances REDE, promoting technological advancements and marketization. Moreover, regions with stricter environmental regulations experience a higher impact.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Ghasemi, Hegazy Rezk
Summary: This study utilizes fuzzy modeling and optimization to enhance the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). By simulating and analyzing experimental data sets, the ideal parameter values for increasing power density, COD elimination, and coulombic efficiency were determined. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy model and optimization methods can significantly improve the performance of MFCs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhang Ruan, Lianzhong Huang, Kai Wang, Ranqi Ma, Zhongyi Wang, Rui Zhang, Haoyang Zhao, Cong Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a grey box model for fuel consumption prediction of wing-diesel hybrid vessels based on feature construction. By using both parallel and series grey box modeling methods and six machine learning algorithms, twelve combinations of prediction models are established. A feature construction method based on the aerodynamic performance of the wing and the energy relationship of the hybrid system is introduced. The best combination is obtained by considering the root mean square error, and it shows improved accuracy compared to the white box model. The proposed grey box model can accurately predict the daily fuel consumption of wing-diesel hybrid vessels, contributing to operational optimization and the greenization and decarbonization of the shipping industry.
Article
Thermodynamics
Huayi Chang, Nico Heerink, Junbiao Zhang, Ke He
Summary: This study examines the interaction between off-farm employment decisions between couples and household clean energy consumption in rural China, and finds that two-paycheck households are more likely to consume clean energy. The off-farm employment of women is a key factor driving household clean energy consumption to a higher level, with wage-employed wives having a stronger influence on these decisions than self-employed ones.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hanguan Wen, Xiufeng Liu, Ming Yang, Bo Lei, Xu Cheng, Zhe Chen
Summary: Demand-side management is crucial to smart energy systems. This paper proposes a data-driven approach to understand the relationship between energy consumption patterns and household characteristics for better DSM services. The proposed method uses a clustering algorithm to generate optimal customer groups for DSM and a deep learning model for training. The model can predict the possibility of DSM membership for a given household. The results demonstrate the usefulness of weekly energy consumption data and household socio-demographic information for distinguishing consumer groups and the potential for targeted DSM strategies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinglan Hou, Xiuping Zhong, Shuaishuai Nie, Yafei Wang, Guigang Tu, Yingrui Ma, Kunyan Liu, Chen Chen
Summary: This study explores the feasibility of utilizing a multi-level horizontal branch well heat recovery system in the Qiabuqia geothermal field. The research systematically investigates the effects of various engineering parameters on production temperature, establishes mathematical models to describe their relationships, and evaluates the economic viability of the system. The findings demonstrate the significant economic feasibility of the multi-level branch well system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Longxin Zhang, Songtao Wang, Site Hu
Summary: This investigation reveals the influence of tip leakage flow on the modern transonic rotor and finds that the increase of tip clearance size leads to a decline in rotor performance. However, an optimal tip clearance size can extend the rotor's stall margin.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kristian Gjoka, Behzad Rismanchi, Robert H. Crawford
Summary: This paper proposes a framework for assessing the performance of 5GDHC systems and demonstrates it through a case study in a university campus in Melbourne, Australia. The results show that 5GDHC systems are a cost-effective and environmentally viable solution in mild climates, and their successful implementation in Australia can create new market opportunities and potential adoption in other countries with similar climatic conditions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianwei Li, Guotai Wang, Panpan Yang, Yongshuang Wen, Leian Zhang, Rujun Song, Chengwei Hou
Summary: This study proposes an orientation-adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester by introducing a rotatable bluff body, which allows for self-regulation to cater for changing wind flow direction. Experimental results show that the output power of the energy harvester can be greatly enhanced with increased rotatory inertia of the rotating bluff body, providing a promising solution for harnessing wind-induced vibration energy.
