Article
Thermodynamics
Pradeep Sahu, Prabu Vairakannu
Summary: Electronic wastes, especially printed circuit boards (PCBs), are thermally treated under N2 and CO2 conditions by pyrolysis and gasification processes. PCB pyrolysis at 500 degrees C yields 7.46% of tar with a calorific value of 31.28 MJ/kg. CO2 gasification of PCB mixture at 1000 degrees C achieves a conversion rate of 97.6%, resulting in high cold gas and exergy efficiencies. Co-gasification with high ash Indian coal increases the overall efficiency, and the residue can be used as a catalyst or additives in concrete material.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Krzysztof Kapusta, Marian Wiatowski, Hywel R. Thomas, Renato Zagorscak, Sivachidambaram Sadasivam, Shakil Masum, Thomas Kempka, Christopher Otto, Wioleta Basa, Marcin Szyja, Krzysztof Stanczyk
Summary: This paper presents a series of surface experimental simulations of methane-oriented underground coal gasification using hydrogen as gasification medium. The experiments demonstrated that the physicochemical properties of coal considerably affect the hydrogasification process and the feasibility of methane-rich gas production was initially demonstrated. However, further techno-economic studies are necessary to assess the economic feasibility of methane production using this process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Shadrack Adjei Takyi, Yindi Zhang, Mengting Si, Fanjin Zeng, Yingnan Li, Paitoon Tontiwachwuthikul
Summary: Although coal mining has played a significant role in global development, its environmental impact offsets its value. The shift to net-zero CO2 emissions presents opportunities for new coal technological models. This paper reviews the current status and technology development of underground coal gasification for low carbon emission energy, discussing its modern stage, pilot operations, and market developments.
FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wen-gang Huang, Zuo-tang Wang, Tian-hong Duan, Lin Xin
Summary: The pilot project integrating UCG with power generation in the abandoned mine Ankou aimed to optimize the gasification process, with industrial tests revealing that changes in oxygen concentration significantly affected syngas production. Increasing oxygen concentration led to higher H-2 content, combustible components, calorific value of syngas, and gasification efficiency after an initial drop. Additionally, oxygen-enriched gasification trials showed advantages in air consumption, coal consumption, and calorific value compared to oxygen-enriched steam gasification tests.
Article
Thermodynamics
Shirish Kumar Sharma, Anand M. Shivapuji, S. Dasappa
Summary: The high ash content of coal presents two challenges in conventional gasifiers: ash agglomeration and low-quality syngas. In this study, a novel two-stage gasification system is developed to address these challenges by strategically segregating oxidative pyrolysis and oxy-steam char gasification. This system allows for a wide range of ash content handling and provides explicit control over parameters like local temperatures.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wen-gang Huang, Shao-wei Zhang, Xin Lu, Shu-liang Wu, Jun Huang
Summary: This paper researched the distribution and characteristics of residual coal resources in China and its adaptability to underground coal gasification (UCG) technology. The study found that the average recovery rate of coal mines in China was low, with the majority of residual coal reserves occurring in North China at shallow burial depths. The primary coal type was bituminite. The study established a hierarchical evaluation model and applied it to industrial tests, showing that the model can provide a scientific reference for decision-making in UCG projects.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Fa-qiang Su, Xiao-long He, Meng-jia Dai, Jun-nan Yang, Akihiro Hamanaka, Yi-he Yu, Wen Li, Jiao-yuan Li
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of oxygen flow rate on the cavity of the gasification zone through two experiments and used three estimation methods to estimate the cavity volume. The results showed that the stoichiometric method had the smallest estimation error, less than 6.5%. The Delaunay triangulation approach reduced the estimation error for convex cavities to within 10%. The voxelization method reduced the overall estimation error to below 8% and accurately described the cavity shape.
Article
Mathematics
Afaq Ahmed, Syed Bilal Javed, Ali Arshad Uppal, Jamshed Iqbal
Summary: The Cavity Simulation Model (CAVSIM) is a 3D, parameterisable simulator of the Underground Coal Gasification Process (UCG) that serves as a benchmark for UCG prediction. It has limitations in graphical capabilities, parametrisation efficiency, and lack of tools to synthesise a controller. To compensate for these shortcomings, CAVSIM was integrated with MATLAB, resulting in successful integration and a controllable structure. The performance metrics further establish the efficacy of CAVLAB in designing MPC for the UCG system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Syed Bilal Javed, Ali Arshad Uppal, Raza Samar, Aamer Iqbal Bhatti
Summary: In this work, a model-based multi-variable robust control design using H-infinity technique is proposed for the underground coal gasification (UCG) process. The designed controller based on a linear model demonstrates robust stability and performance on an actual nonlinear cavity simulator, achieving adequate tracking of set points.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jacek Nowak, Magdalena Kokowska-Pawlowska, Joanna Komorek, Marian Wiatowski, Krzysztof Kapusta, Zdzislaw Adamczyk
Summary: This study conducted coal gasification experiments under different pressures to analyze the changes in optical properties of the organic matter and determine the temperature influence on coal. The results showed that the reflectance and bireflectance of coal decreased with increasing distance from the reactor chamber inlet, and the temperature influence on coal decreased as well. Additionally, the actual temperatures during the experiment were higher than recorded temperatures, and the distance at which temperature had a significant impact depended on the pressure used.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Wen-gang Huang, Zuo-tang Wang
Summary: This study focuses on the mechanical performance evolution of coal pillars in the UCG process. A new calculation method for pillar sizing was proposed and experimentally validated, showing significant impact of high temperatures near the coal pillar surface and demonstrating the variation pattern of pillar width during UCG operation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Krzysztof Kapusta
Summary: Two experimental simulations of underground coal gasification processes were conducted using large bulk samples of lignites, and the results showed that the physicochemical properties of the lignite used considerably affect the in situ gasification process. Lignites with lower moisture content and higher energy density demonstrated higher process efficiency compared to lignites with higher moisture content.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Magdalena Pankiewicz-Sperka, Krzysztof Kapusta, Wioleta Basa, Katarzyna Stolecka
Summary: The study focused on qualitative and quantitative characterization of UCG wastewater produced during four different experiments, showing significant relationships between wastewater composition and coal properties as well as gasification pressure, especially for organic pollutants like phenols, BTEX, and PAH's. The concentrations of these pollutants were found to vary depending on the type of coal and gasification pressure, with phenols having the highest concentrations. Additionally, the study found that concentrations of phenols, BTEX, and PAH's decrease with increasing pressure.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiangyu Li, Zhiqing Wang, Ru Feng, Jiejie Huang, Yitian Fang
Summary: The technology of extracting alumina from coal ash provides a way to reuse coal-based solid waste, but the challenge lies in the harmless treatment of alumina-extracted residue. By functionalizing the residue, it can serve as a potential sorbent for CO2, showing enhanced adsorption performance.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hao Chen, Yong Qin, Yanpeng Chen, Zhen Dong, Junjie Xue, Shanshan Chen, Mengyuan Zhang, Yufeng Zhao
Summary: This study investigates the effect of oxygen content in oxygen-enriched carbon dioxide gasification agents on gasification experiment results. The results show that as the oxygen content increases, the CO and H-2 in the combustible gas increase gradually, as does the calorific value. Although the product formation rate and gas production per unit mass of coal fluctuate, the coal consumption rate remains relatively stable.
Article
Thermodynamics
V. Prabu, K. Geeta
Article
Thermodynamics
Ankan Shrivastava, V. Prabu
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2016)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Prabu Vairakannu, Geeta Kumari
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2016)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Greg Perkins, Prabu Vairakannu
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
De Surya Kanta, V. Prabu
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Geeta Kumari, Prabu Vairakannu
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nirmal Mallick, V. Prabu
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
(2017)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Geeta Kumari, Prabu Vairakannu
Article
Energy & Fuels
Swarnotpal Kashyap, Prabu Vairakannu
Meeting Abstract
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Geeta Kumari, Prabu Vairakannu
ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2018)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yong Cheng, Fukai Song, Lei Fu, Saishuai Dai, Zhiming Yuan, Atilla Incecik
Summary: This paper investigates the accessibility of wave energy absorption by a dual-pontoon floating breakwater integrated with hybrid-type wave energy converters (WECs) and proposes a hydraulic-pneumatic complementary energy extraction method. The performance of the system is validated through experiments and comparative analysis.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jing Gao, Chao Wang, Zhanwu Wang, Jin Lin, Runkai Zhang, Xin Wu, Guangyin Xu, Zhenfeng Wang
Summary: This study aims to establish a new integrated method for biomass cogeneration project site selection, with a focus on the application of the model in Henan Province. By integrating Geographic Information System and Multiple Criterion Decision Making methods, the study conducts site selection in two stages, providing a theoretical reference for the construction of biomass cogeneration projects.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mert Temiz, Ibrahim Dincer
Summary: The current study presents a hybrid small modular nuclear reactor and solar-based system for sustainable communities, integrating floating and bifacial photovoltaic arrays with a small modular reactor. The system efficiently generates power, hydrogen, ammonia, freshwater, and heat for residential, agricultural, and aquaculture facilities. Thermodynamic analysis shows high energy and exergy efficiencies, as well as large-scale ammonia production meeting the needs of metropolitan areas. The hybridization of nuclear and solar technologies offers advantages of reliability, environmental friendliness, and cost efficiency compared to renewable-alone and fossil-based systems.
Editorial Material
Thermodynamics
Wojciech Stanek, Wojciech Adamczyk
Article
Thermodynamics
Desheng Xu, Yanfeng Li, Tianmei Du, Hua Zhong, Youbo Huang, Lei Li, Xiangling Duanmu
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of hybrid mechanical-natural ventilation for smoke control in complex metro stations. The results show that atrium fires are more significantly impacted by outdoor temperature variations compared to concourse/platform fires. The gathered high-temperature smoke inside the atrium can reach up to 900 K under a 5 MW train fire energy release. The findings provide crucial engineering insights into integrating weather data and adaptable ventilation protocols for smoke prevention/mitigation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Da Guo, Heping Xie, Mingzhong Gao, Jianan Li, Zhiqiang He, Ling Chen, Cong Li, Le Zhao, Dingming Wang, Yiwei Zhang, Xin Fang, Guikang Liu, Zhongya Zhou, Lin Dai
Summary: This study proposes a new in-situ pressure-preserved coring tool and elaborates its pressure-preserving mechanism. The experimental and field test results demonstrate that this tool has a high pressure-preservation capability and can maintain a stable pressure in deep wells. This study provides a theoretical framework and design standards for the development of similar technologies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Aolin Lai, Qunwei Wang
Summary: This study assesses the impact of China's de-capacity policy on renewable energy development efficiency (REDE) using the Global-MSBM model and the difference-in-differences method. The findings indicate that the policy significantly enhances REDE, promoting technological advancements and marketization. Moreover, regions with stricter environmental regulations experience a higher impact.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Ghasemi, Hegazy Rezk
Summary: This study utilizes fuzzy modeling and optimization to enhance the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). By simulating and analyzing experimental data sets, the ideal parameter values for increasing power density, COD elimination, and coulombic efficiency were determined. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy model and optimization methods can significantly improve the performance of MFCs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhang Ruan, Lianzhong Huang, Kai Wang, Ranqi Ma, Zhongyi Wang, Rui Zhang, Haoyang Zhao, Cong Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a grey box model for fuel consumption prediction of wing-diesel hybrid vessels based on feature construction. By using both parallel and series grey box modeling methods and six machine learning algorithms, twelve combinations of prediction models are established. A feature construction method based on the aerodynamic performance of the wing and the energy relationship of the hybrid system is introduced. The best combination is obtained by considering the root mean square error, and it shows improved accuracy compared to the white box model. The proposed grey box model can accurately predict the daily fuel consumption of wing-diesel hybrid vessels, contributing to operational optimization and the greenization and decarbonization of the shipping industry.
Article
Thermodynamics
Huayi Chang, Nico Heerink, Junbiao Zhang, Ke He
Summary: This study examines the interaction between off-farm employment decisions between couples and household clean energy consumption in rural China, and finds that two-paycheck households are more likely to consume clean energy. The off-farm employment of women is a key factor driving household clean energy consumption to a higher level, with wage-employed wives having a stronger influence on these decisions than self-employed ones.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hanguan Wen, Xiufeng Liu, Ming Yang, Bo Lei, Xu Cheng, Zhe Chen
Summary: Demand-side management is crucial to smart energy systems. This paper proposes a data-driven approach to understand the relationship between energy consumption patterns and household characteristics for better DSM services. The proposed method uses a clustering algorithm to generate optimal customer groups for DSM and a deep learning model for training. The model can predict the possibility of DSM membership for a given household. The results demonstrate the usefulness of weekly energy consumption data and household socio-demographic information for distinguishing consumer groups and the potential for targeted DSM strategies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinglan Hou, Xiuping Zhong, Shuaishuai Nie, Yafei Wang, Guigang Tu, Yingrui Ma, Kunyan Liu, Chen Chen
Summary: This study explores the feasibility of utilizing a multi-level horizontal branch well heat recovery system in the Qiabuqia geothermal field. The research systematically investigates the effects of various engineering parameters on production temperature, establishes mathematical models to describe their relationships, and evaluates the economic viability of the system. The findings demonstrate the significant economic feasibility of the multi-level branch well system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Longxin Zhang, Songtao Wang, Site Hu
Summary: This investigation reveals the influence of tip leakage flow on the modern transonic rotor and finds that the increase of tip clearance size leads to a decline in rotor performance. However, an optimal tip clearance size can extend the rotor's stall margin.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kristian Gjoka, Behzad Rismanchi, Robert H. Crawford
Summary: This paper proposes a framework for assessing the performance of 5GDHC systems and demonstrates it through a case study in a university campus in Melbourne, Australia. The results show that 5GDHC systems are a cost-effective and environmentally viable solution in mild climates, and their successful implementation in Australia can create new market opportunities and potential adoption in other countries with similar climatic conditions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianwei Li, Guotai Wang, Panpan Yang, Yongshuang Wen, Leian Zhang, Rujun Song, Chengwei Hou
Summary: This study proposes an orientation-adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester by introducing a rotatable bluff body, which allows for self-regulation to cater for changing wind flow direction. Experimental results show that the output power of the energy harvester can be greatly enhanced with increased rotatory inertia of the rotating bluff body, providing a promising solution for harnessing wind-induced vibration energy.