Article
Environmental Sciences
Junhan Du, Gordon G. D. Zhou, Hui Tang, Jens M. M. Turowski, Kahlil F. E. Cui
Summary: Extreme rainfall events in mountainous environments can pose significant threats due to sediment runoff, such as debris flows and stream flows. However, there is still incomplete understanding of the sediment transport mechanisms controlling these processes. This study uses field data to investigate the characteristics of sediment-laden flows in different channels, and proposes a universal criterion for classifying different flows based on measurable parameters, improving upon existing methods that rely solely on sediment concentration.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Usama El Shamy, Saman Farzi Sizkow
Summary: A Lagrangian particle-based method was used to study liquefaction in saturated granular soils under dynamic base excitations. Loose and dense granular deposits showed different responses, with gravel drains being introduced as a liquefaction mitigation technique. The drains effectively reduced pore-pressure buildup but did not lower overall surface settlement to acceptable levels.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Utari S. Minaka, Mitsu Okamura, Kohei Ono
Summary: The study used centrifuge tests to investigate the stress-dependent behavior of loose sand deposits improved by gravel drains. It found that the effectiveness of gravel drains in suppressing excess pore pressures significantly depends on the depth of the drains, which is not adequately addressed in the current design procedure. Additionally, laboratory tests revealed that key soil parameters, such as coefficient of volumetric compressibility and Reynolds number, are stress and depth-dependent, impacting the performance of gravel drains in reducing excess pore pressures.
SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bin Li, Yang Gao, Yueping Yin, Jiawei Wan, Kai He, Weile Wu, Han Zhang
Summary: From August 31 to September 2, 2014, a 50-year heavy rainstorm caused a series of large-scale landslides in the Northeastern Chongqing area, China. The distribution of these landslides coincided with variations in rainfall intensity, with a threshold of 200 mm. The leading causes of these landslides are topographical, geological, geotechnical, and rainfall conditions. Future disaster prevention and mitigation should take these findings into consideration.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Araz Hasheminezhad, Roohollah Farzalizadeh, Hadi Rahimi, Hadi Bahadori
Summary: This paper investigates the performance and application of wall-type gravel and rubber drains in liquefaction mitigation. The results show that increasing the width and number of the drains can reduce settlement and liquefaction-induced deformations, as well as excess pore water pressure, improving the sand's resistance to liquefaction.
BULLETIN OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Roohollah Farzalizadeh, Araz Hasheminezhad, Hadi Bahadori
Summary: Through a series of 1 g shaking table tests, the study showed that increasing the relative density and the number of wall-type gravel and rubber drains in liquefiable silty sand can reduce settlement, liquefaction-induced deformations, excess pore water pressure, and ultimately improve liquefaction resistance. Results also indicated that reinforced silty sand with wall-type gravel drains exhibited less excess pore water pressure and settlement compared to wall-type rubber drains.
GEOTEXTILES AND GEOMEMBRANES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Oleksandra O. Shumilova, Alexander N. Sukhodolov, George S. Constantinescu, Bruce J. MacVicar
Summary: This study presents a detailed dataset on the hydrodynamics of shallow wake flows behind solid and porous obstructions, collected in a field experimental campaign in a side branch of the Tagliamento River in Italy. The dataset includes 30 experimental runs and provides valuable information for studying flow dynamics, validating numerical models, and understanding the effects of driftwood accumulations on wake dynamics.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Wei Li, Lehong Zhu, Guohu Xie, Peng Hu, Huib J. de Vriend
Summary: This study analyzes the mechanism and influencing factors of peak discharge increase in the Lower Yellow River. The results show that the construction of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir is related to the increase in peak discharge, with the pressure term due to the river width gradient playing a major role in promoting the increase, while the external forces term is the primary cause that attenuates the increase.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Jashod Roy, Kyle M. Rollins, Adda Athanasopoulos-Zekkos, McKay Harper, Nicolas Linton, Michelle Basham, William Greenwood, Dimitrios Zekkos
Summary: The Chinese Dynamic Cone Penetration (DPT) test provides an accurate and economical alternative for evaluating liquefaction potential in gravelly soils, with results consistent with conventional SPT tests.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Davide Notti, Daniele Giordan, Alberto Cina, Ambrogio Manzino, Paolo Maschio, Iosif Horea Bendea
Summary: The use of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) has significantly improved the characterization and monitoring of landslides in the past decade. RPAS is particularly effective in studying areas prone to geohazards, providing high-resolution orthophotos and digital surface models for better understanding and mapping of affected areas.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Julie E. Adams, R. Stephen Brown, Peter Hodson
Summary: Hyporheic flows play a critical role in the fate of oil spills in rivers, but their potential impact is not well understood. The accumulation of oil droplets in sediments poses a risk for prolonged exposure of fish to contaminants.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Jongchan Kim, Adda Athanasopoulos-Zekkos, Misko Cubrinovski
Summary: This study investigates the liquefaction resistance and postcyclic responses of well-graded sandy gravel soils by conducting monotonic and cyclic simple shear tests. The results demonstrate that higher relative density specimens have higher liquefaction resistance. Postcyclic volumetric strain is primarily correlated with density and maximum shear strain during cyclic loading. Shear wave velocity is significantly reduced after liquefaction, but recovers after reconsolidation. The well-graded sandy gravel shows similar or slightly higher liquefaction resistance compared to other gravelly and sandy soils.
JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
A. Nicosia, F. G. Carollo, V. Ferro
Summary: The shape, size, and arrangement of roughness elements on the channel bed surface affect the flow resistance in gravel-bed channels. This study focuses on the flow resistance in channels with different concentrations of boulders arranged in a staggered manner. Experimental measurements were conducted in a flume with hemispheric roughness elements under partially submerged and completely submerged hydraulic conditions to calibrate the relationship between the Gamma coefficient of the power velocity profile and the Froude number. The results showed that the proposed flow resistance equation accurately estimates the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chen Guoxing, Wu Qi, Sun Tian, Zhao Kai, Zhou Enquan, Xu Lingyu, Zhou Yanguo
Summary: The study investigates the liquefaction mechanism and susceptibility of sand-gravel mixtures under undrained cyclic loading, and introduces the average flow coefficient (k(a)) as an index to describe the fluidity of the mixtures. It also proposes a new liquefaction mechanism for these mixtures. The research shows a negative correlation between the cyclic resistance ratio (CRR) and the skeleton void ratio (e(sgk)), with particles smaller than 0.25 mm and mass contents less than 30% primarily serving as fillers of intergranular voids in the mixtures.
JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lan Ma, Chengzhong Pan, Jingjing Liu
Summary: Overland flow resistance is crucial for predicting hillslope hydrological and erosion processes. Grass and/or gravel cover on soil surfaces can increase hydraulic resistance to overland flow. This study investigated hydraulic resistance and validated the sum law of resistance components by subjecting smooth and sand-bed surfaces covered with different degrees of grass or/and gravel to inflows at various slope gradients. The results revealed that flow discharge had a greater impact on flow resistance than cover materials, and the total resistance was generally greater than the sum of resistance components.
INTERNATIONAL SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION RESEARCH
(2022)