Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Marie Carbonnel, Laetitia Layoun, Marine Poulain, Morgan Tourne, Rouba Murtada, Michael Grynberg, Anis Feki, Jean Marc Ayoubi
Summary: Borderline ovarian tumors (BOT) are a type of ovarian epithelial tumor that fall between benign ovarian cysts and invasive carcinomas, often affecting young women of reproductive age. Controversies surround the diagnostic criteria and optimal management strategies, with fertility preservation being a priority for these patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gyuntae Bae, Georgy Berezhnoy, Andre Koch, Claire Cannet, Hartmut Schaefer, Stefan Kommoss, Sara Brucker, Nicolas Beziere, Christoph Trautwein
Summary: This study identified metabolic and inflammatory differences between high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) through analysis of metabolites, lipoproteins, and inflammation parameters. These differences could serve as potential serum markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian cancer in the future.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sebastien Gouy, Sophie Maria, Matthieu Faron, Amandine Maulard, Patricia Pautier, Alexandra Leary, Cyrus Chargari, Catherine Genestie, Philippe Morice
Summary: This study aimed to assess the outcomes of conservatively treated stage II/III serous borderline tumors of the ovary (SBOTs) with long-term follow-up. Among 212 patients reviewed, 65 underwent conservative treatment, with 38 experiencing recurrences. Conservative treatment was found to be a prognostic factor for disease-free survival but did not impact overall survival, although three deaths occurred.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Austin McHenry, Douglas A. Rottmann, Natalia Buza, Pei Hui
Summary: KRAS or BRAF gain-of-function mutation, leading to the activation of the MAPK pathway, is commonly found in ovarian serous borderline tumors and their extraovarian implants. The presence of a KRAS mutation in primary ovarian SBTs is significantly associated with a worse disease-free survival and an increased risk of tumor recurrence. Testing for KRAS mutation may serve as a useful biomarker for predicting tumor recurrence in primary ovarian SBT.
Review
Oncology
Laureline Wetterwald, Apostolos Sarivalasis, Aikaterini Liapi, Patrice Mathevet, Chahin Achtari
Summary: This review discusses the clinical implications of lymph node involvement in recurrent disease. Borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) account for 10-20% of epithelial ovarian neoplasms and lack destructive stromal invasion. Most cases of serous borderline ovarian tumors (SBOTs) have a good prognosis, but 5-10% of cases may recur and display malignant transformation. The role of lymph node involvement in prognosis is controversial.
Review
Oncology
Rachel N. Grisham, M. Herman Chui
Summary: Low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) is a rare form of epithelial ovarian cancer that differs clinically, histologically, and molecularly from high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Recent studies have shown that endocrine therapy is commonly used for the treatment of LGSOC and is now part of the standard initial treatment. Alterations affecting the MAPK pathway have been found in LGSOC tumors, leading to developments in targeted treatments for recurrent disease.
CURRENT ONCOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Xiaoming Zhang, Kyle Devins, Emily M. Ko, Maria Carolina Reyes, Fiona Simpkins, Ronny Drapkin, Lauren E. Schwartz, Ju-Yoon Yoon
Summary: The study analyzed the mutational spectra of 17 cases of low-grade serous carcinomas (LGSCs) and serous borderline tumors (SBTs), revealing genomically stable tumors frequently driven by the RTK/RAS/MAPK pathway. Most BRCA2 gene variants were classified as variants of uncertain significance (VUSs) with dubious clinical significance. Germline testing and PARP inhibitors are expected to provide limited benefit to patients with LGSC/SBTs.
GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wei Cang, Chao Liang, Dan Wang, Xiaowei Xue, Dongyan Cao, Jiaxin Yang, Lingya Pan, Ming Wu, Junjun Yang, Yang Xiang
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the prognosis and reproductive outcomes of patients with advanced-stage serous borderline ovarian tumors (SBOTs) who underwent fertility-sparing surgery (FSS). The results showed that FSS provides a good chance of reproductive success in women with advanced-stage SBOT who desire fertility preservation, but it has a high recurrence rate and risk of malignancy transformation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Amanda L. Strickland, Kruti P. Maniar, Edward Tanner, Elisheva Shanes, Lawrence Jennings, Jian-Jun Wei
Summary: The pathogenesis and behavior of serous ovarian tumors vary depending on their classification. Low-grade serous carcinoma is associated with borderline tumors, less atypical cytology, and molecular aberrations in the MAPK pathway, while high-grade serous carcinoma is characterized by aggressive behavior, TP53 mutations, and chromosomal instability. We present a case of low-grade serous carcinoma with aggressive behavior and mutations in MAPK genes and SMARCA4 gene, challenging our current understanding of this tumor type and highlighting the need for further research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hao Su, Yueqi Jin, Changyu Tao, Hua Yang, Ence Yang, Wei-Guang Zhang, Fengzhi Feng
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the differences in transcriptome profiles between two groups of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients with different outcomes and identify potential biomarkers for recurrence. RNA sequencing was performed in the two patient groups and the transcripts related to tumor-infiltrating immune cells were identified. The results showed that patients with poor response had a distinct transcriptional profile compared to those with good response, with lower signatures of leukocyte differentiation, activation, and chemotaxis. Higher infiltration of T-helper 2 (Th2) cells was significantly associated with unfavorable prognosis and could serve as a promising biomarker for prognosis prediction and treatment.
JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Caitlin Lazurko, Tomer Feigenberg, Joan Murphy, Kate Pulman, Genevieve Lennox, Valerie Dube, Tiffany Zigras
Summary: Borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) have a favorable prognosis and fertility preserving approaches are necessary for young patients. This retrospective chart review suggests that regular ultrasound follow-up is effective for recurrence monitoring in those with BOTs, as ultrasound identified recurrence in majority of cases before symptoms or physical exam findings.
Article
Oncology
Qian Hao, Jiajia Li, Qinghua Zhang, Fei Xu, Bangxiang Xie, Hua Lu, Xiaohua Wu, Xiang Zhou
Summary: This study using single-cell transcriptomics analysis of HGSOC samples reveals new molecular features and potential therapeutic targets, which could advance the understanding and treatment of the disease.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Tibor A. Zwimpfer, Ori Tal, Franziska Geissler, Ricardo Coelho, Natalie Rimmer, Francis Jacob, Viola Heinzelmann-Schwarz
Summary: High-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOCs) arise from the fallopian tube and harbor TP53 gene mutations, while low-grade serous ovarian cancers (LGSOCs) have different features and are considered a distinct subtype. Treatment for LGSOCs is limited due to a lack of separate trial data, but current understanding suggests slow tumor growth and precursors from serous borderline ovarian tumors. Therapeutic decisions are guided by characteristics such as estrogen receptor positivity and specific mutations, leading to maintenance with endocrine treatment or targeted therapies. Ongoing trials are exploring the use of MEK inhibitors in combination with hormonal treatments for LGSOCs.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Shumei Kato, Thomas McFall, Kenta Takahashi, Kasey Bamel, Sadakatsu Ikeda, Ramez N. Eskander, Steven Plaxe, Barbara Parker, Edward Stites, Razelle Kurzrock
Summary: This report highlights a case of a patient with KRAS-mutated, estrogen receptor-positive low-grade serous ovarian cancer who showed a remarkable response to combination therapy with trametinib (MEK inhibitor) and letrozole (aromatase inhibitor), despite prior treatment with similar agents including tamoxifen (estrogen modulator). In vitro investigations revealed that the lack of response to trametinib and tamoxifen combination might be due to tamoxifen's agonistic effects in addition to its antagonistic effects. The findings suggest that drugs with different mechanisms of action targeting the same pathway may have varying anticancer activities when used in combination.
Article
Oncology
Yoshinori Takeda, Yoshihiro Mise, Yu Takahashi, Hiromichi Ito, Yosuke Inoue, Ryuji Yoshioka, Yoshihiro Ono, Akio Saiura
Summary: The study found that in patients undergoing hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases, the prognostic value of the KRAS gene depends on whether patients received preoperative chemotherapy or their tumor burden.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)