Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dongmei Liu, Muriel Mari, Xia Li, Fulvio Reggiori, Susan Ferro-Novick, Peter Novick
Summary: This study discovered a process called ER-phagy, which selectively delivers fragments of the endoplasmic reticulum to the lysosome or vacuole in response to starvation or the accumulation of misfolded proteins. The loss of specific genes and proteins blocks the association between the autophagy receptor and the assembly scaffold protein, and a membrane contact site module is also found to be involved in ER-phagy.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Amanda Dyer, Maxine De Butte
Summary: This study aimed to examine the effects of chronic low-dose vanadium administration on the behavior of young male rats. The findings suggest that vanadium does not significantly affect exploration, locomotion, or anxiety-like behavior in rats, but does affect novel object recognition performance. Additionally, vanadium administration led to lower latency times in the Morris Water maze task.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonora Szabo, Nadia Cummins, Paolo Paganetti, Alex Odermatt, Andreas Papassotiropoulos, Celeste Karch, Jurgen Gotz, Anne Eckert, Amandine Grimm
Summary: Abnormal tau protein disrupts the interaction between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, leading to impaired mitochondrial function and cholesterol metabolism. This study shows that abnormal tau loosens the association between ER and mitochondria, particularly through the VAPB-PTPIP51 pathway. Disruption of the ER-mitochondria interaction results in altered levels of mitochondrial cholesterol and pregnenolone, which can be restored by inhibiting GSK3 beta.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Nagat El-Demerdash, Tiffany Pan, Olivia Choi, Manda Saraswati, Raymond C. Koehler, Courtney L. Robertson, Alena Savonenko
Summary: Therapies for pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI), especially in young children, are limited and can result in long-term consequences. Animal models have provided insights into the mechanisms of pediatric TBI, but it is challenging to demonstrate clinically relevant long-term behavioral and cognitive deficits. This study used a controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of pediatric TBI to assess short- and long-term outcomes through a series of tests. The results showed functional impairments in most tests for TBI rats compared to control groups, particularly in cognitive processes related to fast one-trial learning, memory flexibility, response strategies, and recognition memory in social interactions.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Keke Luo, Jiao Chen, Hui Li, Dirong Wu, Yuanjiang Du, Shanshan Zhao, Ting Liu, Li Li, Zeqin Dai, Yongjun Li, Yonglong Zhao, Lei Tang, Xiaozhong Fu
Summary: Scutellarein hybrids were designed, synthesized and evaluated as multifunctional therapeutic agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Compound 11e exhibited strong inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enzymes, as well as effective aggregation inhibition and fibril disassembly of Aβ. It also showed good inhibition of tau protein hyperphosphorylation and platelet aggregation, as well as neuroprotective effects and optimal blood-brain barrier and intestinal absorption characteristics. In vivo studies demonstrated significant improvement in learning and memory impairment, with no safety concerns.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Aria W. Tarudji, Connor C. Gee, Sarah M. Romereim, Anthony J. Convertine, Forrest M. Kievit
Summary: Utilizing antioxidant nanoparticles NP1, this study demonstrates a potential treatment strategy to reduce secondary spread of traumatic brain injury. The NP1 treatment protected mice from learning and memory deficits induced by injury, likely through reduction of oxidative stress and spread of neuroinflammation. These findings suggest that NP1-mediated reduction in post-traumatic oxidative stress correlates with protection of spatial memory and learning, offering an improved therapeutic approach for TBI.
Article
Neurosciences
David A. Cinalli, Sarah J. Cohen, Mariah Calubag, Goksu Oz, Lylybell Zhou, Robert W. Stackman
Summary: This study used the DREADDs method to investigate the effects of CA1 pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus on the retrieval of long-term memory for nonspatial and spatial information in mice. The results showed that the inhibition of CA1 neuronal activity significantly impaired the memory retrieval in mice. These findings support the use of mice as a model system to study the neurobiological mechanisms of human episodic memory.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jhana O. Hendrickx, Sofie De Moudt, Elke Calus, Peter Paul De Deyn, Debby Van Dam, Guido R. Y. De Meyer
Summary: This study evaluated the neurobehavioral phenotyping of hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory in aging C57BL/6J mice using the Morris Water Maze and Novel Object Recognition tests. The results indicated age-related memory loss in the animals starting at 6 months, as shown by decreased discrimination indexes and recognition indexes. These findings contribute to understanding the spontaneous cognitive behaviors of the widely used C57BL/6J mouse strain and can serve as a benchmark for distinguishing spontaneous from pathological neurodegenerative behavior in dementia mouse models.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Huizhen Wang, Lane K. Christenson, William H. Kinsey
Summary: This study provides evidence of interactions between cortical endoplasmic reticulum clusters and fertilizing sperm, suggesting a competitive advantage for the oocyte. Global and localized changes in cortical endoplasmic reticulum cluster structure are observed during fertilization.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Lilian Juliana Lissner, Krista Mineia Wartchow, Ana Paula Toniazzo, Carlos-Alberto Goncalves, Leticia Rodrigues
Summary: Object recognition (OR) and the Morris water maze (MWM) are classical tasks used to assess memory parameters in rodents, involving hippocampus and prefrontal cortex connections. Despite controversy, these tests offer practical tools for evaluating hippocampal-related memory deficits in rats, with minimal manageable stressful conditions.
PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Tingting Lv, Mengfei Ye, Fangyi Luo, Baiqi Hu, Anzhe Wang, Jiaqi Chen, Junwei Yan, Ziyi He, Feng Chen, Chao Qian, Jian Zhang, Zheng Liu, Zhinan Ding
Summary: The gut-brain axis and the concept of psychobiotics have drawn attention for their potential positive effects on cognitive function. Probiotics supplementation enhanced cognitive function, with a greater effect observed in cognitively impaired individuals. Single strains of probiotics were more effective in human studies, suggesting a customized approach may be beneficial for improving cognitive disorders.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jingjing Zhang, Yanling Tang, Wanjing Xu, Zeyu Hu, Shangzhi Xu, Qiang Niu
Summary: This study investigated the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in fluoride-induced cortical toxicity. The results showed that fluoride exposure impaired learning and memory capacities and increased urinary fluoride levels in rats. Additionally, fluoride exposure induced excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress and associated apoptosis, as well as defective autophagy. Importantly, the endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid alleviated endoplasmic reticulum stress and defective autophagy, confirming their critical role in fluoride-induced cortical toxicity.
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Laurence Booth, Andrew Poklepovic, John F. Hancock, Paul Dent
Summary: The combination of neratinib and pemetrexed synergistically kills NSCLC cells, but no early resistance mechanisms were observed. Further research is needed to understand how NSCLC cells develop resistance to neratinib and pemetrexed.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yue Wu, Qingjie Chen, Bing Wen, Ninghua Wu, Benhong He, Juan Chen
Summary: The study showed that berberine can ameliorate ER stress and cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice, mainly by suppressing GSK3 beta activity to reduce tau phosphorylation. Berberine also suppressed A beta(42) production via inhibiting the PERK/eIF2 alpha/BACE1 signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lian Jingxuan, Ma Litian, Tu Yanyang, Fu Jianfang
Summary: This study investigates the changes and roles of CLC-3 in diabetic encephalopathy, suggesting that CLC-3 may regulate insulin receptor signaling and downstream PI3K/AKT/GSK3 ss signaling pathways, ultimately affecting the pathogenesis of the disease.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Dimitri Laurent, Brandon Lucke-Wold, Kevin Pierre, Olgert Bardhi, Sijia Yue, Meghan Brennan, W. Christopher Fox, Nohra Chalouhi, Matthew J. Koch, Brian Hoh, Jamie S. Dow, Gregory J. A. Murad, Adam Polifka
Summary: National and international trends show greater emphasis on endovascular techniques for cerebrovascular disease treatment. However, cerebrovascular neurosurgeons need to be equipped in both open and endovascular techniques. Our institution has employed an alternative strategy of early identification of subspecialty focus and resident-driven self-selection of open cerebrovascular cases, allowing recent graduates to obtain endovascular training and competence through a significant number of open cases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cameron A. Rawanduzy, Emma Earl, Greg Mayer, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Summary: Pediatric stroke is a significant contributor to mortality and morbidity in children, but there is a lack of clinical trials and established guidelines for pediatric stroke management compared to adults. The diagnosis of pediatric stroke can be difficult and often leads to delays or mischaracterization, resulting in poorer outcomes. Understanding the risks and appropriate therapy is crucial for improving care.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrew Nguyen, Akhil Mandavalli, Michael Joseph Diaz, Kevin Thomas Root, Aashay Patel, Jed Casauay, Priyanka Perisetla, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Summary: Anesthesia plays a crucial role in the advancement of neurosurgical intervention. There are numerous choices of anesthetic agents, but it is important to select the most appropriate one. However, there is still a lack of consensus and official guidance on optimizing anesthesia choice based on operating priorities and procedures. This review provides an overview of the development of neuroanesthesia, summarizes the advantages and drawbacks of different anesthetic classes and agents, and organizes the current literature of randomized trials on neuroanesthesia across various procedures.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marco Foreman, Krisna Maddy, Aashay Patel, Akshay Reddy, Meredith Costello, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Summary: Clinicians have historically managed and treated lower back pain, but now face the challenge of differentiating between lumbar spine pathology and lumbosacral plexopathy. This review provides insights into the anatomy and clinical assessment of both pathologies, as well as highlighting diagnostic tools to aid in accurate diagnosis and treatment. Additionally, emerging treatment options for these conditions, including regenerative nerve therapies, are discussed.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Grace Hey, Rohan Rao, Ashley Carter, Akshay Reddy, Daisy Valle, Anjali Patel, Drashti Patel, Brandon Lucke-Wold, Daniel Pomeranz Krummel, Soma Sengupta
Summary: Gliomas are aggressive and heterogeneous primary brain malignancies that are difficult to treat. Ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs) have been identified as valuable biomarkers and diagnostic tools in the pathogenesis of gliomas. Various LGICs, including P2X, SYT16, and PANX2, can be altered in glioma, disrupting neural homeostasis and worsening symptoms. LGICs, such as purinoceptors, glutamate-gated receptors, and Cys-loop receptors, are being targeted in clinical trials for potential therapeutic benefits in glioma diagnosis and treatment.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biology
Michael Joseph Diaz, Isabella Mark, Daphnee Rodriguez, Beata Gelman, Jasmine Thuy Tran, Giona Kleinberg, Anna Levin, Alice Beneke, Kevin Thomas Root, Andrew Xuan Vinh Tran, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Summary: This review discusses the advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of intracranial metastatic melanoma. Specific markers associated with melanoma brain metastasis have been identified, and the approach to treatment is shifting towards nonsurgical management, such as stereotactic radiosurgery and immunotherapy. Although there is emerging research in finding new treatment options and diagnostic approaches, further research is needed for maximizing clinical efficacy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jagroop Doad, Nithin Gupta, Lydia Leavitt, Alexandra Hart, Andrew Nguyen, Shawn Kaura, Frank Destefano, Edwin Mccray, Brandon Lucke-Wold, Matteo Lazzeroni
Summary: With the rising incidence of central and peripheral nervous system disorders, neurosurgical procedures and select medication administration are crucial for optimizing patient outcomes. This study examined medication use and cost trends for spinal fusion and brain tumor resection procedures. The results showed a negative correlation between spinal procedure beneficiaries and the cost of methocarbamol, as well as between the annual percent change in spinal beneficiaries and the annual percent change in oxycodone cost. Linear regression analysis revealed that oxycodone cost was the only significant parameter. It is important to address the rising drug costs regardless of usage trends and further research should focus on utilizing primary data in multi-center studies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wiley Gillam, Nikhil Godbole, Shourya Sangam, Alyssa Detommaso, Marco Foreman, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Summary: This review aimed to explore how neurologic injury can lead to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), focusing on traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and stroke as common neurologic injuries. The altered activity in the limbic system may be associated with characteristic symptoms of PTSD. However, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are lacking in these patients.
Review
Oncology
Andrew Nguyen, Alexander Nguyen, Oluwaferanmi T. Dada, Persis D. Desai, Jacob C. Ricci, Nikhil B. Godbole, Kevin Pierre, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Summary: The present review aimed to establish an understanding of the pathophysiology of leptomeningeal disease in different cancer types and to highlight the current state and future directions of targeted therapies. The review focuses on leptomeningeal metastases secondary to breast cancer, lung cancer, melanoma, primary central nervous system tumors, and hematologic cancers. The authors discuss the similarities and differences in disease detection, progression, and treatment options among these cancers. The review seeks to contribute to the clinical translation of leptomeningeal disease research.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zahra Hasanpour Segherlou, Lennon Saldarriaga, Esaan Azizi, Kim-Anh Vo, Ramya Reddy, Mohammad Reza Hosseini Siyanaki, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Summary: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is most commonly seen in patients over 55 years of age and often results in a loss of many productive years. SAH has a high mortality rate, and survivors often suffer from early and secondary brain injuries. Circulating microRNAs show promise as a potential target for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of SAH.
Review
Oncology
Anjalika Chalamgari, Daisy Valle, Xuban Palau Villarreal, Marco Foreman, Annika Liu, Aashay Patel, Akanksha Dave, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Summary: The assessment and treatment of vertebral primary bone lesions present a unique challenge. There is a lack of comprehensive review of the various types of vertebral lesions, which often require complex intervention strategies. The paper aims to address the assessment of these lesions and outline nonsurgical and surgical treatment methods, as well as highlight emerging treatments.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Andrew Nguyen, Alexander Nguyen, Timothy I. I. Hsu, Harrison D. Lew, Nithin Gupta, Brandon Nguyen, Akhil Mandavalli, Michael J. Diaz, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant global health issue, with high costs and mortality rates. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been investigated as a biomarker for predicting TBI outcomes. This review aimed to assess the prognostic utility of NLR in TBI patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rebecca Zelmanovich, Brandon Lucke-Wold, Mohammed Elghareeb
EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Grace Hey, Michael Guyot, Ashley Carter, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Summary: Augmented reality (AR) has the potential to improve surgical planning, refine neuronavigation, and reduce operation time in neurosurgery. It can also serve as a valuable training tool for neurosurgeons. However, further research is needed to refine AR systems before widespread clinical and educational use.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Khushi Saigal, Anmol Bharat Patel, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Summary: Platelets are crucial in blood clotting and arterial blockage development. Antiplatelet therapy is important for preventing recurrent events in coronary artery disease and strokes. However, there is a lack of comprehensive guidelines for using antiplatelet agents in elective neurosurgery. This paper explores current clinical guidelines and supported regimens as well as the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in optimizing treatment plans in neurosurgical settings.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)