Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammed S. Mansour, Karina Malmros, Ulrich Mager, Kajsa Ericson Lindquist, Kim Hejny, Benjamin Holmgren, Tomas Seidal, Annika Dejmek, Katalin Dobra, Maria Planck, Hans Brunnstrom
Summary: This study aimed to explore the potential impacts of various clinicopathological and molecular factors on PD-L1 expression. The results showed that tumor histology and mutational status were correlated with PD-L1 expression. These findings are important for further understanding the treatment response in this disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Angel Qin, Fatima Lima, Samantha Bell, Gregory P. Kalemkerian, Bryan J. Schneider, Nithya Ramnath, Madelyn Lew, Santhoshi Krishnan, Shariq Mohammed, Arvind Rao, Timothy L. Frankel
Summary: By using multiplex fluorescent immunohistochemistry, the study demonstrates the importance of cellular distribution and engagement in the tumor microenvironment in predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer patients. It shows that the combination of low cytotoxic T lymphocyte engagement and low expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells can better identify non-responders to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Mohamed Eltahir, Johan Isaksson, Johanna Sofia Margareta Mattsson, Klas Karre, Johan Botling, Martin Lord, Sara M. Mangsbo, Patrick Micke
Summary: Immunotherapy in lung cancer patients leads to varying responses, with some showing higher or lower levels of immune markers in blood samples correlating to better survival. A study evaluated a blood-based test to predict treatment efficacy, finding that certain plasma protein levels could predict response better than traditional PD-L1 scoring. The use of multiplex plasma protein levels as a tool for anti-PD-(L)1 response prediction in NSCLC was supported by the findings, with specific protein signatures identified for response prediction to anti-PD-(L)1 therapy.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Karmele Saez de Gordoa, Ingrid Lopez, Marta Marginet, Berta Coloma, Gerard Frigola, Naiara Vega, Daniel Martinez, Cristina Teixido
Summary: The study examined the histological features of PD-L1 cases in NSCLC from 2017 to 2020 and found significant differences in PD-L1 expression among different tumor histological types and sample types. Some cases showed heterogeneity, highlighting the potential impact on eligibility for immunotherapy treatment.
Article
Oncology
Yen-Yu Lin, Li-Ya Lin, Jen-Fan Hang, Chia-Hung Lin, Hsiang-Ling Ho, Teh-Ying Chou
Summary: The PD-L1/TTF-1 double immunohistochemistry technique can better identify PD-L1-positive tumor cells in cytopathology specimens. In cytopathology specimens, double staining can improve the concordance between visual estimation by pathologists and cell counting by medical technologists.
CANCER CYTOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Mustafa Abdo, Yassine Belloum, David Heigener, Lutz Welker, Sanke von Weihe, Milena Schmidt, Nadine Heuer-Olewinski, Iris Watermann, Marlen Szewczyk, Jolanthe Kropidlowski, Thais Pereira-Veiga, Hatice Elmas, Sven Perner, Stefan Steurer, Harriet Wikman, Klaus Pantel, Martin Reck
Summary: Alternative sources of tumour information, such as cytology imprints and circulating tumour cells (CTCs), can be explored in NSCLC patients. This study compared the expression of PD-L1 on cytology imprints and CTCs to PD-L1 tumour proportion score (TPS) from immunohistochemistry staining of tumour tissue. The combination of cytological imprints and CTCs provides valuable information on the tumoural PD-L1 status in NSCLC patients when tumour tissue is not available.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Jianghua Wu, Changling Liu, Xiaoqing Liu, Wei Sun, Linfeng Li, Nannan Gao, Yajun Zhang, Xin Yang, Junjie Zhang, Haiyue Wang, Xinying Liu, Xiaozheng Huang, Yanhui Zhang, Runfen Cheng, Kaiwen Chi, Luning Mao, Lixin Zhou, Dongmei Lin, Shaoping Ling
Summary: An AI system was developed for automated assessment of PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer, showing strong consistency with pathologists in tumor proportion score calculation. The system has the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and efficiency by accurately evaluating the percentage of tumor cells expressing PD-L1.
Article
Pathology
Sigurd A. Saastad, Anette H. Skjervold, Borgny Ytterhus, Monica Jernberg Engstrom, Anna M. Bofin
Summary: This study assessed the expression of PD-L1 in tumor epithelial cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) and its relationship with prognosis in patients with breast cancer. The results showed that PD-L1 was more frequently expressed in TICs and was associated with aggressive tumor characteristics and molecular subtypes, but not with prognosis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clemens Hinterleitner, Jasmin Straehle, Elke Malenke, Martina Hinterleitner, Melanie Henning, Marco Seehawer, Tatjana Bilich, Jonas Heitmann, Martina Lutz, Sven Mattern, Sophia Scheuermann, Marius Horger, Stefanie Maurer, Juliane Walz, Falko Fend, Rupert Handgretinger, Christian Seitz, Bettina Weigelin, Stephan Singer, Helmut Salih, Oliver Borst, Hans-Georg Kopp, Lars Zender
Summary: This study demonstrates that platelet-derived PD-L1 can serve as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer patients, playing a role in tumor immune evasion and affecting T cell function. An algorithm was developed to calculate the adjusted PD-L1 payload of platelets (pPD-L1(Adj.)), which showed superior predictive ability for therapy response compared to standard histological PD-L1 quantification.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Moataz Reda, Worapol Ngamcherdtrakul, Molly A. Nelson, Natnaree Siriwon, Ruijie Wang, Husam Y. Zaidan, Daniel S. Bejan, Sherif Reda, Ngoc Ha Hoang, Noah A. Crumrine, Justin P. C. Rehwaldt, Akash Bindal, Gordon B. Mills, Joe W. Gray, Wassana Yantasee
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have limited response rates in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and this study presents a nanoparticle-based immunotherapy that co-delivers a PLK1 inhibitor and PD-L1 antibody, showing anti-tumor immune responses in preclinical lung cancer models.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Lars Hagmeyer, Stephan Schaefer, Marianne Engels, Anja Pietzke-Calcagnile, Marcel Treml, Simon-Dominik Herkenrath, Matthias Heldwein, Khosro Hekmat, Sandhya Matthes, Andreas Scheel, Juergen Wolf, Reinhard Buettner, Winfried Randerath
Summary: Analysing PD-L1 from pleural effusion samples in NSCLC patients shows high sensitivity and helps in determining the suitability of first-line checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Birgit G. Skov
Summary: Concordance between the three validated commercial PD-L1 assays and their associated platforms has been demonstrated in non-small cell lung cancer. The difficulty of scoring PD-L1 expression mainly lies in samples with Tumor Proportion Scores between 1% to 49%. High agreement was found between PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx on different platforms, with no difference in scoring difficulty between them.
APPLIED IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR MORPHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Changsheng Huang, Shengxiang Ren, Yaqi Chen, Anyi Liu, Qi Wu, Tao Jiang, Panjing Lv, Da Song, Fuqing Hu, Jingqing Lan, Li Sun, Xue Zheng, Xuelai Luo, Qian Chu, Keyi Jia, Yan Li, Jun Wang, Caicun Zou, Junbo Hu, Guihua Wang
Summary: This research discovered that PD-L1 K162 was methylated by SETD7 and demethylated by LSD2. Additionally, PD-L1 K162 methylation controlled the PD1/PD-L1 interaction and significantly enhanced the suppression of T cell activity in controlling cancer immune surveillance. The study demonstrated that PD-L1 hypermethylation was the key mechanism for anti-PD-L1 therapy resistance, identified PD-L1 K162 methylation as a negative predictive marker for anti-PD-1 treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, and showed that the PD-L1 K162 methylation:PD-L1 ratio was a more accurate biomarker for predicting anti-PD-(L)1 therapy sensitivity.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shili Yu, Meng Jia, Yuemin Li, Ping-Li Sun, Hongwen Gao
Summary: PD-L1 expression is more frequent in central type and TTF-1 positive SCLCs, associated with poor clinical outcomes, and could potentially serve as a prediction marker for clinical response to immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Xuan Zhao, Yulin Bao, Bi Meng, Zijian Xu, Sijin Li, Xu Wang, Rui Hou, Wen Ma, Dan Liu, Junnian Zheng, Ming Shi
Summary: Developing biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies is important for avoiding side effects and economic burden. Current assays evaluating PD-L1 expression are imperfect, but recent studies are advancing the methodologies to improve accuracy. This includes standardization of immunohistochemistry tests and the use of novel in vivo probes and liquid biopsy. Considering PD-L1 expression on non-tumor cells and utilizing artificial intelligence can further enhance the predictive accuracy of PD-L1 as a biomarker.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Arpan Samaddar, Aanchal Kakkar, Pirabu Sakthivel, Rajeev Kumar, Deepali Jain, Sandeep R. Mathur, Venkateswaran K. Iyer
Summary: This unique case of solitary fibrous tumor of the lacrimal sac was diagnosed through fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and confirmed by demonstrating diffuse strong nuclear STAT6 positivity on a destained FNAC smear.
Article
Oncology
Rimlee Dutta, Aruna Nambirajan, Saurabh Mittal, Sinchita Roy-Chowdhuri, Deepali Jain
Summary: NUT carcinoma is an aggressive neoplasm that often presents with a large tumor burden and metastases. Cytology descriptions are limited, but the cytomorphological features are distinctive, allowing for accurate diagnosis and prompting further ancillary testing.
CANCER CYTOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Prerna Guleria, Adarsh Barwad, Prabhat S. Malik, Karan Madan, Deepali Jain
Summary: The study found a higher frequency of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with single-cell pattern in pleural effusion specimens than previously believed, making it challenging to differentiate from carcinoma cells of other sites and reactive mesothelial cells. High suspicion and relevant investigations are required for accurate diagnosis.
DIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Deepali Jain, Lukas Bubendorf
Summary: Cytology specimens are crucial for the diagnosis and subtyping of lung cancer, especially adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. While cytology with or without immunocytochemistry is reliable for accurate diagnosis, subtyping NSCLC based solely on morphology can be challenging in certain cases.
Review
Oncology
Ruchir Raman, Varun Ramamohan, Anurag Rathore, Deepali Jain, Anant Mohan, Vishal Vashistha
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive review of actionable gene mutations in Indian NSCLC patients, revealing the range of mutation prevalence in ALK and EGFR. The findings show that nearly 40% of advanced adenocarcinoma patients and 30% of NSCLC patients in India have actionable mutations in ALK or EGFR.
ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Tripti Nakra, Aanchal Kakkar, Sandeep R. Mathur, Deepali Jain, Sunesh Kumar
Summary: SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated uterine sarcoma is a recently described molecularly defined entity with limited reported cases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pathology
Priyanka Singh, Aruna Nambirajan, Manish Kumar Gaur, Rahul Raj, Sunil Kumar, Prabhat Singh Malik, Deepali Jain
Summary: Epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma (EIMS) is an aggressive subtype of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) with ALK gene fusions. This case report describes a young non-smoking male with cough and dyspnea, who was found to have a large lung mass. The patient initially responded well to crizotinib treatment, but later developed multiple bone metastases.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Diya Roy, Sanjay Sriram, Aanchal Kakkar, Rajeev Kumar, Kavneet Kaur, Deepali Jain, Atul Sharma, Alok Thakar
Summary: INSM1 immunocytochemistry is highly sensitive and specific and can reliably be used as a single marker to support the cytomorphology for a confirmatory diagnosis of metastatic ONB, even on direct smears if a cell block is not available.
DIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Akhila Gopakumar, Aanchal Kakkar, Kavneet Kaur, Kapil Sikka, Alok Thakar, Atul Sharma, Deepali Jain
Summary: Inactivating mutations of SMARCA4 and loss of BRG1 immunoexpression were found in majority of sinonasal teratocarcinosarcomas (TCS). Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can be used for diagnosis of TCS with nodal metastasis. The cytological features of TCS have not been described before. In this case, FNAC from cervical lymph nodes showed various cell types including discohesive tumor cells, cohesive fragments, loosely cohesive cells, and rhabdoid cells. BRG1 immunostaining confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic SMARCA4-deficient TCS. The diverse cytological features of SMARCA4-deficient TCS can overlap with other regional metastatic tumors, highlighting the importance of ancillary tests for accurate diagnosis.
DIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pathology
Shilpi Thakur, Aruna Nambirajan, Brandon T. Larsen, Yasmeen M. Butt, Anja C. Roden, Sunil Kumar, Deepali Jain
Summary: This study conducted a clinicopathological analysis of primary pulmonary hyalinizing clear cell carcinomas, highlighting their characteristic histomorphology, immunoprofiles, and benign outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Anupam Kanodia, Aanchal Kakkar, Yash Verma, Diya Roy, Hitesh Verma, Chirom Amit Singh, Rabia Monga, Deepali Jain, Alok Thakar, Kapil Sikka
Summary: The expression of cytokeratins and Ki67 in the epithelium of cholesteatoma was observed. The results showed increased expression of CK17, CK13, and Ki67, and decreased expression of 34 ss e12 in cholesteatoma specimens compared to normal bony EAC controls. This provides some insight into the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma.
JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY AND OTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Aasma Nalwa, Tripti Nakra, Rajni Yadav, Ritika Walia, Sandeep Agarwala, Manisha Jana, Deepali Jain, Prasenjit Das, Sandeep R. Mathur, Venkateswaran K. Iyer
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the cytomorphological features of pediatric hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by reviewing cases diagnosed with HCC on ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology over a period of 14 years. The study evaluated cytomorphological features including cellularity, architecture, sinusoidal wrapping, trabecular thickness, necrosis, anisonucleosis, chromatin, nucleoli, nuclear contours, bi- or multinucleation, intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusions, naked nuclei, extra-medullary hematopoiesis, monomorphism, and nuclear overlapping. The results showed that ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration is a useful tool for diagnosing pediatric HCC and differentiating it from other primary hepatic malignancies.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Vanlal Hruaii, Balamurugan Thirunavukkarasu, Vindhya Prabha, Sandeep Mathur, Venkateswaran K. Iyer, Aruna Nambirajan, Deepali Jain
Summary: Claudin-4 is sensitive and specific for adenocarcinoma, showing a valuable role in diagnosing metastatic adenocarcinoma. It can upgrade the diagnostic category to positive for suspicious and inconclusive effusions, providing important information for clinical decision-making.
DIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Anja C. Roden, Meagan Judge, Michael A. den Bakker, Wentao Fang, Deepali Jain, Alexander Marx, Andre L. Moreira, Arun Rajan, Philipp Stroebel, Malgorzata Szolkowska, Wendy A. Cooper
Summary: Recently, updated versions of the classification and TNM staging for thymic tumors have been released, and accrediting bodies have updated their reporting protocols. The ICCR dataset provides a standardized template for reporting resected TET and thymic neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Article
Pathology
Aanchal Kakkar, Shraddhanjali Satapathy, Kapil Sikka, Pranay Tanwar, S. V. S. Deo, Deepali Jain
Summary: The study investigated the association of high-risk (HR)-HPV in sinonasal neoplasms in geographical regions with low prevalence of HR-HPV and the utility of p16 as a surrogate marker. The results showed rare association of HR-HPV in sinonasal papillomas and SCC, with oncocytic morphology being a characteristic. p16 immunohistochemistry had low specificity and positive predictive value, indicating the need for reflex direct HR-HPV testing in p16 immunopositive cases.
