Article
Ecology
Ella S. S. Plumanns-Pouton, Matthew H. H. Swan, Trent D. D. Penman, Luke Collins, Luke T. T. Kelly
Summary: The time between fires has a significant impact on the maturity risk of serotinous resprouter plants. Our study found that the time since the last fire positively influenced the proportion of mature individuals for all three species examined. However, fire severity had a small and uncertain effect on plant maturity, and no relationships were observed between time since fire and plant abundance.
Article
Agronomy
Iva Hrelja, Ivana Sestak, Domina Delac, Paulo Pereira, Igor Bogunovic
Summary: Natural landscapes in the Mediterranean ecosystem have undergone extensive changes over the past two centuries due to wildfires. This study examines the chemical properties of topsoil in burned areas in Croatia, focusing on different severities of wildfire and vegetation species. The results show significant differences in soil properties based on wildfire severity and vegetation species, with some recovery observed after 9-12 months.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Victor Fernandez-Garcia, David Beltran-Marcos, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Guisuraga, Elena Marcos, Leonor Calvo
Summary: The study aims to develop generalizable tools for fire danger analysis and predict burn severity. It shows that all environmental variables influence burn severity, and the most effective predictor is the proxy variable obtained through multispectral imagery.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Alan H. Taylor, Helen M. Poulos, Jennifer Kluber, Rachel Issacs, Natalie Pawlikowski, Andrew M. Barton
Summary: This study used field measurements and remote sensing data of a 2011 wildfire to analyze the impact of twentieth century vegetation changes on fire severity patterns. The research found that vegetation changes since 1935 increased closed woodlands and shrublands, but the 2011 fire reversed this trend and increased vegetation type heterogeneity. Post-fire vegetation in plots shifted towards resprouting species, with terrain and weather being the main variables controlling fire severity at the landscape scale.
Article
Forestry
Eva Gabriel, Ruth Delgado-Davila, Miquel De Caceres, Pere Casals, Antoni Tudela, Xavier Castro
Summary: This structured and curated database covers 21 years of LFMC measurements in the Catalan region, along with an associated R package for managing updates and facilitating quality processing and visualization. The dataset provides valuable information for studying plant responses to drought and improving fire danger prediction. Access to the dataset and associated metadata can be found at the provided link.
ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Miaomiao Yu, Hongyong Yuan, Gang Liu, Lida Huang, Tao Chen, Lizheng Deng, Jingwu Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a fire source inversion method employing multiple smoke alarms based on Bayesian inference to achieve accurate and timely fire alarm. A fire dynamics model and actual sensor response time are used to implement a fire alarm, and fire alarm authenticity is defined to distinguish false and true fire alarms, enabling early fire detection. Verification test results indicate that the proposed model can reduce the number of false alarms and realize early fire alarm detection.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Aniello Maiese, Andrea Scatena, Andrea Costantino, Marco Di Paolo, Raffaele La Russa, Emanuela Turillazzi, Paola Frati, Vittorio Fineschi
Summary: Estimating time of death is a challenging issue in forensic medicine and miRNAs show potential as markers for PMI evaluation, but further studies with human samples and standardized protocols are necessary for validation.
Article
Ecology
Kendall M. L. Becker, James A. Lutz
Summary: The fall rates of pre-existing snags are higher than new snags after fire, especially after 5 years. Pre-existing snags with a diameter over 50 cm, height over 20 m, and charred bole to heights above 3.7 m are more likely to persist after 5 years. Spatial neighborhood and local fire severity have little impact on predicting snag fall after fire.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jemima Connell, Mark A. Hall, Dale G. Nimmo, Simon J. Watson, Michael F. Clarke
Summary: Climatic extremes and fire have significant impacts on bird species' distributions, with most species showing a preference for mid to older post-fire vegetation. The sustained impacts of La Nina rainfall on species occurrence were observed, although threatened and declining species benefited less from high rainfall.
DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Alan H. Taylor, Lucas B. Harris, Stacy A. Drury
Summary: Fire severity patterns are influenced by interactions between fire, vegetation, and terrain, creating legacy effects that impact future fire severity. Recent increases in burned area and high severity burns suggest a transition back to an active fire regime, where disturbance legacies will play a significant role. Understanding the drivers of fire severity is crucial for predicting future patterns and establishing fire resilience in landscapes transitioning to an active fire regime.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Catherine J. Vladutiu, Veni Kandasamy, Katherine A. Ahrens
Summary: According to the study, folate supplementation and intake are highest among U.S. women in the first year postpartum, and red blood cell folate levels are relatively elevated during this period.
JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Geology
Adriana Dutkiewicz, R. Dietmar Mueller
Summary: The study focuses on the variations of the carbonate compensation depth (CCD) in the South Atlantic Ocean, utilizing updated age models from 45 DSDP and Ocean Drilling Program sites to calculate the CCD from the Late Cretaceous to present day. The models show more fluctuations and extend further back in time than previous reconstructions, emphasizing the importance of regional processes in carbonate deposition across the South Atlantic and providing improved constraints for geochemical cycle modeling.
Article
Forestry
Qi Liu, Bolin Fu, Zhili Chen, Li Chen, Lixi Liu, Wudi Peng, Yaquan Liang, Lin Chen
Summary: Studying the early changes in post-fire vegetation communities is crucial for improving forest resilience. This study used remote sensing imagery and statistical models to analyze the effects of climate, topography, and burn severity on the regeneration of post-fire forests and shrubs. The results provide important insights into the impact of climate and slope on regeneration, as well as the influence of burn severity on competition and regeneration rates. These findings are valuable for developing targeted forest management strategies and enhancing post-fire vegetation community resilience.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Monica Salerno, Giuseppe Cocimano, Salvatore Roccuzzo, Ilenia Russo, Dario Piombino-Mascali, Nicholas Marquez-Grant, Christian Zammit, Massimiliano Esposito, Francesco Sessa
Summary: This article reviews the application of immunohistochemistry in estimating the time of death of a body. By analyzing relevant studies, it is found that immunohistochemistry, when combined with traditional methods, can provide more accurate information on the time of death and PMI.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Michael J. M. Franklin, Richard E. Major, Ross A. Bradstock
Summary: Wildfires have direct and indirect impacts on animal populations, particularly on canopy bird species. Our research shows that the increase in canopy cover over time since fire mediates the richness and occurrence of canopy bird species.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Don A. Driscoll, Georgia E. Garrard, Alexander M. Kusmanoff, Stephen Dovers, Martine Maron, Noel Preece, Robert L. Pressey, Euan G. Ritchie
Summary: Suppressing expert knowledge can lead to harmful practices and policies being hidden from public view. A survey revealed that government and industry respondents were more likely to experience interference from employers, while university respondents were less affected. The main reason for researchers to avoid public commentary was fear of misrepresentation in the media.
CONSERVATION LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Biology
D. R. Daversa, R. F. Hechinger, E. Madin, A. Fenton, A. Dell, E. G. Ritchie, J. Rohr, V. H. W. Rudolf, K. D. Lafferty
Summary: Research on the 'ecology of fear' investigates how prey and hosts defend themselves against predators and parasites, respectively, and the different non-lethal effects that may result. This study suggests that trait responses may be stronger towards predators, parasitoids, and parasitic castrators, but more numerous and frequent for parasites than predators. Existing data on larval amphibians indicate that individuals respond more strongly to short-term predation risks than to parasitism. Further research is needed to directly compare responses to predation and parasitism, including the effects of micropredators, parasitoids, and parasitic castrators, and their long-term consequences.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Frederick W. Rainsford, Luke T. Kelly, Steve W. J. Leonard, Andrew F. Bennett
Summary: The study in the Otway Ranges, south-eastern Australia, found that bird and plant communities in heathy woodlands are influenced by the time since the last fire. Current management strategies may not fully enhance conservation of multiple taxa.
DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Harry A. Moore, Damian R. Michael, Euan G. Ritchie, Judy A. Dunlop, Leonie E. Valentine, Richard J. Hobbs, Dale G. Nimmo
Summary: Research found that rocky patches within a matrix of fire prone grasslands act as naturally fragmented landscapes for the endangered northern quoll. The presence and abundance of northern quolls were higher in rocky patches compared to the surrounding grassland matrix, with factors such as vegetation cover, den availability, and surrounding habitat influencing their occurrence.
Article
Ecology
Kimberley H. Michael, Steven W. J. Leonard, Orsolya Decker, Simon J. Verdon, Heloise Gibb
Summary: The reintroduction of ecologically extinct mammals has significant impacts on plant assemblages, both through ecosystem engineering and herbivory. These impacts differ from those of contemporary mammal faunas, suggesting that pre-European Australian ecosystems were markedly different from contemporary ecosystems.
Review
Ecology
Michael F. Clarke, Luke T. Kelly, Sarah C. Avitabile, Joe Benshemesh, Kate E. Callister, Don A. Driscoll, Peter Ewin, Katherine Giljohann, Angie Haslem, Sally A. Kenny, Steve Leonard, Euan G. Ritchie, Dale G. Nimmo, Natasha Schedvin, Kathryn Schneider, Simon J. Watson, Martin Westbrooke, Matt White, Michael A. Wouters, Andrew F. Bennett
Summary: Fires play a crucial role in shaping the structure and functioning of semi-arid "mallee" ecosystems in Australia. Wildfires in these ecosystems are typically large in scale, burn with high severity, and have slow and predictable recovery for plant and animal communities. The time since the last fire strongly influences the distribution and abundance of species and the overall structure of the ecosystems.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Daniel T. Nugent, David J. Baker-Gabb, Steve W. J. Leonard, John W. Morgan
Summary: Livestock grazing is an important management tool for biodiversity conservation in native grasslands. In semiarid grasslands of Australia, different grazing species have varying effects on the habitat and breeding activity of the plains-wanderer. Therefore, sheep and cattle grazing can be substitutable as a habitat management tool, but their effectiveness may depend on climate conditions.
ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Alex C. Maisey, Angie Haslem, Steven W. J. Leonard, Andrew F. Bennett
Summary: Ecosystem engineers and large herbivores have significant impacts on vegetation. Engineering by lyrebirds increases seed germination, while herbivory has negative effects on seedling density and vegetation structure. Engineering and herbivory together maintain an open forest floor.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Maggie M. Campbell-Jones, Michelle Bassett, Andrew F. Bennett, Evelyn K. Chia, Steve Leonard, Luke Collins
Summary: Wildfire severity has significant impacts on the distribution of arboreal mammals in forest ecosystems, and the long-term effects of fire severity should be considered. Greater gliders are sensitive to high severity fires and are more likely to occur in unburnt or low severity burnt forests. The richness of arboreal mammals increases over time and is higher in unburnt or minimally affected forests.
Article
Ecology
E. I. L. Y. S. H. R. THOMPSON, D. O. N. A. DRISCOLL, S. U. S. A. N. N. A. E. VENN, W. I. L. L. I. A. M. L. GEARY, E. U. A. N. G. RITCHIE
Summary: Carnivores play crucial ecological roles in ecosystems by impacting prey populations. This study examines the diet of dingoes and foxes in Australia's alpine region to understand their ecological roles and potential impacts. The researchers find that dingoes primarily consume larger mammals while foxes have a broader diet. The introduction of novel prey can alter predator-predator interactions.
Article
Ecology
Alice Michel, Jacob R. Johnson, Richard Szeligowski, Euan G. Ritchie, Andrew Sih
Summary: Fire regimes are changing worldwide, and understanding animal responses to fire is crucial for wildlife conservation and management. This study integrates sensory ecology and predator-prey theory to predict and explain variation in animal responses to approaching fire. The framework considers both fire-naive and fire-adapted animals and follows three key steps: vigilance, cue detection and response. The study discusses the influence of evolutionary history with fire and other selective pressures on animal behavioural responses to fire, and provides guidance for empiricists and potential conservation applications.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
William L. Geary, Ayesha I. T. Tulloch, Euan G. Ritchie, Tim S. Doherty, Dale G. Nimmo, Marika A. Maxwell, Adrian F. Wayne
Summary: Ecosystem management in the face of global change requires understanding how co-occurring threats affect species and communities. Such an understanding allows for effective management strategies to be identified and implemented. An important component of this is differentiating between factors that are within or outside of a local manager's control.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
William L. Geary, Adrian F. Wayne, Ayesha I. T. Tulloch, Euan G. Ritchie, Marika A. Maxwell, Tim S. Doherty
Summary: This study aimed to understand the factors influencing the association between fox baiting intensity, red fox activity and feral cat activity, to provide insights into the effectiveness of fox baiting in reducing fox activity. The results showed that rainfall in the previous 12 months, prey abundance, and baiting intensity all had impacts on fox activity. There was also a positive association between fox baiting intensity and feral cat activity.
Article
Ecology
Sarah J. Maclagan, Terry Coates, Austin O'Malley, Euan G. Ritchie
Summary: Understanding the impact of habitat types on the diet and fungal diversity of the endangered southern brown bandicoot, this study found that the bandicoot exhibited an adaptable generalist diet across different habitats, while the richness of hypogeal fungi per scat may vary between novel and remnant sites. The results highlight the importance of considering habitat differences in managing and conserving biodiversity in human-dominated landscapes.
Article
Zoology
G. D. Linley, A. Rypalski, G. Story, E. G. Ritchie
Summary: The study found that spotted-tailed quolls in a fenced reserve have a preference for preying on invasive European rabbits, while also consuming other small native mammals, with rare instances of birds, reptiles, and invertebrates in their scats.
AUSTRALIAN MAMMALOGY
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Sadadi Ojoatre, Jos Barlow, Suzanne R. Jacobs, Mariana C. Rufino
Summary: This study evaluates the changes in a forest complex in Kenya and finds that within 20 years of disturbance, there is rapid recovery of aboveground biomass and carbon accumulation, and the species diversity remains high in these previously disturbed fragments.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Astor Torano Caicoya, Peter Biber, Miren del Rio, Ricardo Ruiz-Peinado, Catia Arcangeli, Robert Matthews, Hans Pretzsch
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of site and climate on the self-thinning line in Scots pine forests in Europe. The results showed that species tolerance, temperature, and precipitation influenced the slope of the self-thinning line. In terms of the intercept, latitude and radiation had compensating effects. Time did not show significant trends in the self-thinning line. The study highlights the need to adapt management strategies and models based on self-thinning to different latitudes. Climate change has not yet significantly impacted the self-thinning trajectory, but a continuous rise in temperature and high precipitation may accelerate the self-thinning process and result in increased biomass accumulation.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Haonan Zhang, Jianing Xu, Weiqi Meng, Zhonglin Li, Yanyan Ni, Weijie Li, Hao Chen, Xingshuo Zhang, Huanhuan Yuan, Zhi Wang
Summary: Secondary forests play a crucial role in ecosystem dynamics and biodiversity recovery. This study investigated the mechanisms underlying secondary succession in a restored secondary forest and found that deciduous tree species transition from diversity accumulators to repellents as they progress through different life history stages, while evergreen tree species can act as accumulators or remain neutral. The study also revealed the effects of density dependence on the mortality and regeneration of different tree species, and highlighted the importance of early-arriving tree species in facilitating the establishment and diversity of late-arriving counterparts.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Yierxiati Abulaiti, Zijian Huang, Guojiao Xie, Xiaojuan Zou, Qin Luo, Minhuang Wang, Qiong Yang, Ping Hu, Shixiao Yu
Summary: In this study, the resistance to pest infestation of native and exotic mangrove species was compared based on their traits and spectral reflectance. The results showed that exotic species exhibited higher resistance to pest infestation compared to native species.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Thomas Feiss, Vincent Robin, Delphine Aran, Joseph Levillain, Thierry Paul, Jean-Luc Dupouey
Summary: Fagus sylvatica L. is a competitive tree in European temperate deciduous forests, but often sporadic or absent in present-day stands where Quercus spp. are dominant. Through soil charcoal analysis in the Lorraine Plateau in France, the presence of Fagus and Quercus in mature Quercus stands was confirmed. Radiocarbon dating results indicated that historical forest management caused the replacement of Fagus by Quercus, starting from the Bronze Age.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Paula Halbig, Anne-Sophie Stelzer, Peter Baier, Josef Pennerstorfer, Horst Delb, Axel Schopf
Summary: The incidence of oak processionary moth in Central Europe has been increasing, posing severe threats to oak trees, humans, and animals. To address this issue, researchers have developed an online early warning system that provides phenological forecasts and decision support for the protection of oak trees and human health.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Jean-Baptiste Ndamiyehe Ncutirakiza, Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury, Philippe Lejeune, Xavier Bry, Catherine Trottier, Frederic Mortier, Adeline Fayolle, Francois Muhashy Habiyaremye, Leopold Ndjele Mianda-Bungi, Gauthier Ligot
Summary: This study examines the influence of canopy structure on tropical tree growth using data collected through unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and field measurements. The results show that combining UAV and field data can improve the prediction of tree diameter increment. Diameter at breast height and crown area are complementary predictors, and crown-based competition indices significantly enhance prediction models. The calibrated model at one site can accurately predict growth at another site.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Abebe Damtew, Emiru Birhane, Christian Messier, Alain Paquette, Bart Muys
Summary: Restoring degraded dryland requires a diverse mixture of trees and shrubs. Shading and species diversity can improve seedling survival and vitality. Shaded conditions led to higher seedling survival, vitality, and chlorophyll content, while increasing species richness improved seedling vitality in non-shaded conditions.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Francois Hebert, Isabelle Delisle, Marc Tremblay, Pascal Tremblay, Jean- Francois Boucher, Yan Boucher, Daniel Lord
Summary: Regeneration failures in the closed-crown boreal forest, resulting in the creation of open lichen woodlands, can be restored through clear-cutting, scarification, and natural seeding. Clear-cutting combined with scarification promotes seedling establishment, and scarification creates suitable microsites for germination. Seedling growth in lichen woodlands is higher when logging and scarification are combined, but lower compared to feather moss stands. Afforestation through natural seeding following scarification could be a cost-effective option for restoring lichen woodlands.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Bianca Wulansari Kassun, A. Maarit I. Kallio, Erik Tr Omborg, Meley Mekonen Rannestad
Summary: Mapping and analyzing forest ecosystem services in dry and mountain forests can provide valuable knowledge for sustainable forest management strategies.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Michael Premer, Eric Turnblom, Aaron Weiskittel
Summary: Managed forests serve as a natural climate change solution by sequestering carbon and storing it in harvested wood products, while also providing ecosystem services and wildlife habitat. This study focused on the stem sinuosity of juvenile coastal Douglas-fir and found that genetic improvement, silviculture practices, and local growing conditions can impact stem sinuosity. Factors such as tree spacing, vegetation control, and climate variables also affect the severity of stem sinuosity.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Bronwyn Lira Dyson, Rhea Herpel, Peter Karasch, Jorg Mueller, Dominik Thom, Claus Baessler
Summary: The study aimed to assess the effects of different forest management strategies, dead wood types, and microclimates on Fomes fomentarius. The results showed that the occupancy of Fomes fomentarius was lower in control stands, while the percent cover occupied on snags under a closed canopy was higher. Increasing the number of snags and maintaining dense forest canopies could enhance the presence of Fomes fomentarius as well as provide important microhabitats for various arthropods.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Di Liu, Chaofan Zhou, Xiao He, Xiangdong Lei, Huiru Zhang, Xianzhao Liu
Summary: Canopy structure plays a significant role in the distribution and growth of saplings. Traditional canopy metrics are inadequate in irregular stands. The innovative framework of canopy triangular units provides a comprehensive understanding of the canopy's three-dimensional attributes. Through this framework, we can analyze the differences in various triangular unit types and the spatial dispersion of saplings.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Amalia Valeria Ibanez Moro, Fabian Borghetti, Leonardo Galetto, Juan M. Cellini, Sandra J. Bravo
Summary: This study evaluated the size and persistence of soil seed banks (SSB) of six native woody species in dry subtropical forests of the western Argentine Chaco region. The results showed that SSB size was influenced by different sites and sampling years, and forest disturbances had varying effects on SSB.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Stephanie Landry, Marc-Andre Villard, Gaetan Pelletier, Martin-Hugues St-Laurent
Summary: In many regions of the world, excessive browsing by ungulates has reached unsustainable levels, threatening biodiversity and forest regeneration. Moose, as ecological engineers, have severe impacts on forest structure and composition through overbrowsing. The distribution of forage and cover patches affects moose browsing pressure, and this relationship has been explored in conifer-dominated stands but not in hardwood-dominated landscapes.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)