Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hanji Park, Cheolho Park, Junghoon Lee, Namhyun Kang, Stephen Liu
Summary: This study investigated hydrogen stress cracking reactions in weldments through in-situ slow-strain rate testing. The results showed that in the presence of hydrogen, stress triaxiality increased in the softened inter-critical heat-affected zone, leading to premature rupture initiated from hydrogen-promoted voids with enhanced plasticity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yeonggeun Cho, Hyung-Jun Cho, Sung-Joon Kim
Summary: The effects of C and N on hydrogen embrittlement (HE) were investigated. C and N increased tensile strength through solid solution hardening and high-density dislocation accumulation, with C being more effective than N in further strengthening through active TWIP effect. The lattice expansion caused by C and N reduced hydrogen diffusivity and depth of the hydrogen-affected zone, enhancing the resistance to HE. C further enhanced the resistance to HE compared to N due to lower hydrogen diffusivity, lower crack severity, and active cross slip.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Futao Dong, Jeffrey Venezuela, Huixing Li, Zhiming Shi, Qingjun Zhou, Liansheng Chen, Jun Chen, Linxiu Du, Andrej Atrens
Summary: The hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel was studied, with a focus on the influence of vanadium (V) and rare earth (RE) microalloying. The addition of 0.20(wt.%) V increased HE resistance by dispersing mechanical twins, while 0.022(wt.%) RE significantly reduced the affected range of HE and changed brittle fracture to a partially ductile fracture.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Milene Yumi Maeda, Motomichi Koyama, Hayato Nishimura, Osvaldo Mitsuyuki Cintho, Eiji Akiyama
Summary: Hydrogen has significant effects on the ductility loss and fracture behavior of nitrogen-doped duplex stainless steel, resulting in quasi-cleavage and intergranular fractures associated with transgranular austenite cracking and ferrite/austenite interface cracking, respectively. Deformation twinning in austenite and nitrogen-related solution hardening are crucial factors leading to brittle-like cracking.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Y. H. Fan, H. L. Zhao, K. R. Weng, C. Ma, H. X. Yang, X. L. Dong, C. W. Guo, Y. G. Li
Summary: The role of 8-Fe in hydrogen embrittlement of 17-4 PH steel was studied. It was found that 8-Fe can reduce hydrogen concentration, impede brittle fracture, and provide a new pathway to improve HE resistance in high strength martensitic steels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Christian Hempel, Marcel Mandel, Caroline Quitzke, Markus Radajewski, Christina Schroeder, Marco Wendler, Olena Volkova, Lutz Krueger
Summary: The study investigates the impact of electrochemical hydrogen charging on the tensile properties and fracture behavior of plasma tungsten inert gas welds in high-alloy austenitic steel. Compared to the pure base metal, the weld metal shows higher susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement, resulting in reduced ductility. The presence of more delta-ferrite and higher dislocation density in the weld zone contribute to this hydrogen-induced embrittlement.
STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. Schutz, F. Martin, Q. Auzoux, J. Adem, E. F. Rauch, Y. Wouters, L. Latu-Romain
Summary: This study is of significance for the development of alloys with high mechanical properties and good resistance to hydrogen embrittlement. The results demonstrate that the interactions between microstructural elements and hydrogen play a crucial role in hydrogen diffusion in the 17-4 PH precipitation hardened stainless steel. Specifically, fine copper precipitates act as major trapping sites for hydrogen, and the nature of these interfaces, which can be controlled by thermal treatments, seems to influence the reversibility of hydrogen trapping.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qian Yan, Luchun Yan, Xiaolu Pang, Kewei Gao
Summary: This study investigated the influence of Cu precipitations on hydrogen trapping capability and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) in aged martensitic stainless steel. The results showed a significant decrease in the hydrogen diffusion coefficient and a substantial increase in the hydrogen content in specimens containing Cu precipitations. The specimens with peak-aged (1 h) Cu precipitations exhibited the highest HE susceptibility, as a result of abundant hydrogen trapped by coherent Cu precipitations with the matrix and escaped during the tensile process.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chilou Zhou, Pengzhi Dai, Hao Wu, Mohan He, Xianhui Liu, Paul K. Chu
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between ferrite morphology and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) in welded austenitic stainless steel. The results show that the morphology of ferrite influences the resistance to HE, with skeletal ferrite showing the highest resistance and lathy ferrite showing the lowest resistance.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
J. Hesketh, E. J. F. Dickinson, M. L. Martin, G. Hinds, A. Turnbull
Summary: Coupon immersion tests on 316L stainless steel in a simulated oilfield environment showed that H2S partial pressure affects pit depth and density, with the most significant pitting observed at intermediate pressures and inhibition of pitting at higher pressures. The pH in the pit solution plays a key role in determining the solubility of metal sulphides and the availability of free H2S for adsorption on the pit surface.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jinxin Xue, Hao Wu, Chilou Zhou, Yuanming Zhang, Mohan He, Xinrui Yan, Huiyu Xie, Rui Yan, Yansheng Yin
Summary: This study investigates the effect of heat input on the hydrogen embrittlement of TIG welded 304 austenitic stainless steel. It was found that the ferrite content in the weld first increases and then decreases with the increase in heat input. The susceptibility of the weld to hydrogen embrittlement also shows a similar trend.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jintao Lu, Jinyang Huang, Jiangwei Wang, Zhen Yang, Yuefeng Gu
Summary: The research revealed that the inward diffusion of Al played a dominant role in the degradation of the aluminide coating at 650 degrees C in static air. Despite a phase transformation, the concentration of Al remained sufficient to meet the requirements for alumina growth.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Francesco Aiello, Marco Beghini, Carlo Maria Belardini, Leonardo Bertini, Giuseppe Macoretta, Bernardo Disma Monelli, Renzo Valentini
Summary: This paper proposes a definition of a Hydrogen Embrittlement Index for assessing structural components made by a martensitic advanced high-strength steel. A material model, including a damage model and a fracture criterion, was developed to reproduce the tensile behaviour until fracture nucleation under different hydrogen concentrations. The analysis of the tests with different specimen geometries demonstrated that the maximum principal strain at fracture is correlated to hydrogen concentration, and it can be used to define the embrittlement index for quantifying the hydrogen susceptibility of material in a wide range of notch severity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Linlin Zhao, Cheng Ma, Aimin Zhao, Yuheng Fan, Zhiqiang Li
Summary: This study investigates the hydrogen embrittlement behavior of a commercial QP980 steel. The results indicate that QP980 is highly susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement, with a transition from ductile dimpling to brittle quasi-cleavage fracture mode. The strain-induced martensite transformation is rarely observed near the fracture strain, which is attributed to the high mechanical stability of austenite. Hydrogen-induced strain localization in martensite can be mitigated by the hydrogen-trapping effect of surrounding austenite, but is more pronounced in martensite adjacent to ferrite. The cracking initiation in martensite adjacent to ferrite is considered to be the result of the synergistic action of hydrogen-enhanced localized plasticity and hydrogen-enhanced decohesion, followed by crack propagation through ferrite or along phase interfaces. To further improve the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of stable austenite QP steel, it is necessary to introduce effective hydrogen-trapping sites, such as carbides and film austenite, into martensite.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yunjian Song, Shu Huang, Jie Sheng, Emmanuel Agyenim-Boateng, Yunfeng Jiang, Qiang Liu, Mingliang Zhu
Summary: The hydrogen embrittlement resistance of 2205 duplex stainless steel treated with laser peening was investigated. Laser peening changed the morphology and distribution of the ferrite and austenite phases, altering the path of hydrogen transport and diffusion. The refined grain structure induced by laser peening increased the difficulty of hydrogen atom penetration by providing more tortuous grain boundaries. Furthermore, the beneficial microstructures induced by laser peening, such as dislocation entanglements and mechanical twins, helped trap hydrogen atoms and reduce their mobility. Hydrogen determination tests provided direct evidence of reduced hydrogen penetration. Additionally, the depth of the brittle region in the tensile fracture was inversely proportional to the laser power density, indicating that increasing laser power density can decrease the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of the 2205 duplex stainless steel.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhichao Shang, Xiaoping Cai, Farshid Pahlevani, Yan Zheng, Akbar Hojjati-Najafabadi, Xinran Gao, Baojing Zhang, Peizhong Feng
Summary: High porosity Co-Al-Fe intermetallics with 3D-microstructures were successfully synthesized in one step via a thermal explosion reaction. The link between pore structure and permeability was investigated using 3D-XRM technology. The corrosion resistance of the samples with different Fe contents was studied at 900 degrees C under an oxygen/sulphur atmosphere for up to 120 h. The results showed that the samples maintained stable pore structure and intact internal matrices, attributed to the formation of a thin protective layer on the surface. In addition, inward diffusion of S resulted in the formation of FeS nodules.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lian Ma, Hain Yang, Daquan Zhang, Wei Wu
Summary: In this study, an environmentally friendly volatile corrosion inhibitor, lysine salts (LA), was prepared between graphene oxide (GO) layers using an in situ intercalation technique. The corrosion inhibition effect of LA was evaluated, and it was found that LA-GO2 achieved a 99.3% corrosion inhibition efficiency after composition optimization. The inhibition of the electrochemical anodic process on the surface of mild steel was the main reason for the high corrosion inhibition efficiency of LA-GO2. The properties of the surface film on the corroded steel were also characterized in detail to understand the corrosion inhibition mechanism of LA-GO2.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Running Wang, Jiaping Zhang, Bing Liu, Jie Fei, Qiangang Fu
Summary: By introducing a tailored SiC-C interphase, the carbon fiber can be effectively protected, improving the mechanical and ablation properties of leading edge shaped C/C-ZrC-SiC composites.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zihua Wang, Chijia Wang, Ruitao Wang, Jiapeng Deng, Kun Zhang, Yanji Zhu, Huaiyuan Wang
Summary: A robust anti-corrosive coating has been developed using functional fly ash, which demonstrates excellent corrosion resistance and improved mechanical properties. The coating achieves these enhancements through molecular cross-linking design and surface augmentation techniques, resulting in a significantly improved impedance modulus compared to pure polyurea coatings.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Haofei Sun, Meifeng Li, Hao Zhang, Jing Liu
Summary: The oxidation behavior of FeCrNi medium entropy alloy was investigated through experimental observations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The study found that at 900 degrees C, the alloy forms a desirable and continuous oxide layer, while at 1000 degrees C, the oxide layer becomes discontinuous with penetration of oxide. These observations highlight the significant role of phase structure in promoting the formation of protective oxide scales and influencing oxidation resistance.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yang Li, Ke Ma, Jingjun Xu, Jingjing Li, Yueming Li, Yi Zhang, Jun Zuo, Meishuan Li
Summary: Cr2AlC diffusion barrier effectively blocks the diffusion of Ti, enhancing the stability and spalling resistance of the Al2O3 scales between NiCrAlY coating and TiAl alloy.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Weiyi Wang, Qinglin Pan, Xiangdong Wang, Bing Liu
Summary: By adding Ce, Sc, Y and Zr elements to Al-Mg-Si alloy, the microstructure of the alloy can be regulated, and the corrosion and heat resistance of the materials can be improved.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Cristoforetti, Javier Izquierdo, Ricardo M. Souto, Flavio Deflorian, Michele Fedel, Stefano Rossi
Summary: This study presents a new approach to studying the mechanism of filiform corrosion in organic coated steel using the scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) and micropotentiometry (potentiometric SECM). The electrochemical activity under the coating was evaluated by mapping the ionic current densities coming from artificial defects made in specific locations of the filament. Antimony tips were also used to investigate the pH changes associated with different corrosion reactions at the metal-paint interface. Local pH levels along the filament in the anodic and cathodic regions were determined.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yang Gao, Dayun Sun, Zhu Liu, Shuo Cong, Rui Tang, Yanping Huang, Lefu Zhang, Xianglong Guo
Summary: The corrosion characteristics of a novel alumina-forming austenitic steel in high-pressure high-temperature water environment were studied. The addition of aluminum has a negative effect on the continuity of the alumina scale.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Negin Madelat, Benny Wouters, Peter Visser, Zahra Jiryaeisharahi, Kristof Marcoen, Shoshan T. Abrahami, Annick Hubin, Herman Terryn, Tom Hauffman
Summary: This work explores the correlation between electrolyte transport properties and the variation of pigment volume concentration (PVC) in organic coatings. An odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (ORP-EIS) approach is used to analyze the diffusion of ions independent from water uptake. The results show that a higher PVC leads to a more homogeneous coating structure, resulting in faster diffusion of ions and enhanced water uptake.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Eloa Lopes Maia, Serguei Gavrilov, Valentyn Tsisar, Kitty Baert, Iris De Graeve
Summary: The effect of pre-oxidation in air at 300-500°C on the initiation and development of liquid metal corrosion attack on 316L austenitic steel in static lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) has been investigated. It was found that pre-formed oxide films can protect the surface against dissolution, while high temperature pre-oxidation leads to localized corrosion.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Baozhuang Sun, Qiuyu Wang, Yue Pan, Zhiyong Liu, Cuiwei Du, Xiaogang Li
Summary: In this study, a non-steady electrochemical model was established to investigate stress corrosion cracking (SCC). The model was verified using 304 SS with various microstructures, confirming its effectiveness in assessing SCC susceptibility.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xingyu Xiao, Xinhua Liu, Zhilei Wang, Xuexu Xu, Mingying Chen, Jianxin Xie
Summary: The corrosion behavior and mechanisms of Cu-10Ni-X (Al, Fe, Mn, Cr, Sn, Ti, Zn) alloys in a 3.5% NaCl solution were systematically investigated. Both computational and experimental results revealed that except Ti, other elements could enhance the corrosion resistance of Cu2O passivation film.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Gen Zhang, Yan-Ping Huang, E. Jiang, Wei -Wei Liu, Hong Yang, Jing Xiong, Yong-Fu Zhao
Summary: The addition of aluminum has a significant influence on the intermetallic compounds in AFA alloys, particularly increasing the content of B2-NiAl phase. In the SCO2 environment, the oxide scales formed on AFA alloys with aluminum were thinner than on ASS without aluminum, and the structure of the oxide scales changed to a double-layer structure.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuxuan He, Guozheng Xiao, Chao Wang, Xuefeng Lu, Liuyuan Li, Shiying Liu, Yusheng Wu, Zhanjie Wang
Summary: The relationship between configurational entropy and lattice distortion in novel rare earth monosilicates was investigated, and the effect of configurational entropy on their properties was studied. The results showed that lattice distortion increased with the increase of configurational entropy, but a highly symmetrical crystal structure was formed when the configurational entropy was large enough, inhibiting the lattice distortion.