Article
Materials Science, Composites
Rajath Alexander, Ankit Dinkar, Sujay Biswas, Kinshuk Dasgupta
Summary: Comparative studies have been conducted on the mechanical behavior of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer composites with different carbon fillers, showing that functionalized carbon nanotubes and short carbon fibers have a better distribution of second phases and can significantly increase the strength of the composites. The interaction between the functional groups of carbon nanotubes and the polymeric chain of PVA plays an important role in enhancing the mechanical properties of the composites.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hans-Juergen Ensikat, Maximilian Weigend
Summary: This article extends previous studies on the distribution and composition of biominerals in Loasaceae plant trichomes, focusing on their spatial diversity and interactions with organic substances. The research found that up to three different biominerals may be present in plant trichomes, either in pure form or in combination with organic compounds, forming composite materials.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Dana Bakosova, Alzbeta Bakosova
Summary: This study investigated the mechanical properties of rubber composites reinforced with single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The results showed that the addition of SWCNTs improved the tensile strength, Young's modulus, and hardness of the composites, while reducing the elongation at break.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Ramanan Sritharan, Davood Askari
Summary: Traditional composite laminated structures lack reinforcements in the thickness direction between the laminae and microfibers, resulting in poor interaction and weak load transfer. This research demonstrates that using helical carbon nanotubes (HCNTs) as nanoscale reinforcement can substantially improve the performance of polymeric resins. The nanocomposite laminates fabricated with HCNTs showed significant improvements in tensile strength, modulus, and strain-to-failure.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Ayaka Aoki, Toshio Ogasawara, Takuya Aoki, Yuichi Ishida, Yoshinobu Shimamura, Yoku Inoue
Summary: This study utilized polarized Raman spectroscopy to assess the strain in aligned multi-walled carbon nanotube/epoxy composites, aiming to clarify the effective elastic modulus of the carbon nanotubes. The Raman shift rate of the G' band of the carbon nanotubes was found to be 18.84 cm(-1)/% corresponding to the tensile strain of the composite specimen. Through Mori-Tanaka theory and consideration of the three-dimensional orientation distribution of the carbon nanotubes, the effective elastic modulus of the carbon nanotubes was estimated to be 400 GPa. The results demonstrated the utility of Raman spectroscopy in experimentally evaluating the effective elastic modulus of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in composites.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Dawei Zhang, Ying Huang, Wenjie Xia, Luyang Xu, Xingyu Wang
Summary: Carbon-based nanoparticles are promising nanofillers in nanocomposites. A novel functionalization technique was used to disperse the nanofillers effectively, resulting in improved mechanical properties of the nanocomposites.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Arit Das, Gabriel Y. H. Choong, David A. Dillard, Davide S. A. De Focatiis, Michael J. Bortner
Summary: In fiber-reinforced polymer composite manufacturing, frictional behavior plays a crucial role in determining the quality of the manufactured parts. By conducting frictional sliding rheometry tests, researchers were able to accurately characterize the tool-ply friction and investigate the effects of processing parameters on frictional response. The results showed that increasing temperature reduced frictional forces due to increased resin flowability, while increasing sliding rates significantly increased frictional forces. The influence of applied load on frictional characteristics was more complex, involving contributions from adhesive and normal forces. Contact area measurements at different temperatures, normal forces, and sliding rates provided insights for interpreting the results.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Yanmei Piao, Vipin N. Tondare, Chelsea S. Davis, Justin M. Gorham, Elijah J. Petersen, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Keana Scott, Andras E. Vladar, Angela R. Hight Walker
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of XPS, Raman spectroscopy, and SEM methods on MWCNT-epoxy nanocomposite samples, finding a positive correlation between signal intensity and MWCNT mass loading. The results showed that these methods were capable of detecting MWCNTs at different concentrations and demonstrated good comparability among them.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wannes Peeters, Shuichi Toyouchi, Yasuhiko Fujita, Mathias Wolf, Beatrice Fortuni, Eduard Fron, Tomoko Inose, Johan Hofkens, Takahiko Endo, Yasumitsu Miyata, Hiroshi Uji-i
Summary: Tip-enhanced photoluminescence (TEPL) microscopy overcomes the diffraction-limited background signal by using remote excitation, achieving higher spatial resolution. Two probe designs were evaluated, and spatial heterogeneity was successfully demonstrated on a MoSe2/WSe2 lateral heterostructure.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Mohammed Sohail Bakshi, Subhaschandra Kattimani
Summary: Current research is focused on developing buoyant nanocomposite foams using naturally available nanofiller-halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). Cenosphere, a waste byproduct of thermal power plants, is used to make lightweight syntactic foam composites in an epoxy matrix. HNTs are added to improve the mechanical and water absorption properties of the composites. Compression tests on samples immersed in water show that HNTs inhibit water entry into the epoxy matrix, resulting in lower absorption values. This research demonstrates the potential of HNTs as a structural, buoyant, and lightweight syntactic nanocomposite foam for maritime applications.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Paulina Florek, Magdalena Krol, Piotr Jelen, Wlodzimierz Mozgawa
Summary: In this study, carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites were enhanced by adding graphene oxide nanoparticles to improve adhesion and strength. The results showed an increase in strength and changes in adhesion between components and crack propagation. Spectroscopic methods were used to explain the effects, identifying chemical bonds between the components of the composites.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryo Kato, Toki Moriyama, Takayuki Umakoshi, Taka-aki Yano, Prabhat Verma
Summary: In this study, long-duration TERS imaging of a micrometer-sized WS2 sample was achieved in a reproducible manner, enabling the detection of nanoscale defects and rare optical signals in large area 2D materials.
Review
Polymer Science
Darren Yi Sern Low, Janarthanan Supramaniam, Apinan Soottitantawat, Tawatchai Charinpanitkul, Wiwut Tanthapanichakoon, Khang Wei Tan, Siah Ying Tang
Summary: This review highlights the recent developments in incorporating nanocellulose into rubber matrices as a reinforcing filler material, emphasizing on its sources, properties, isolation techniques, and application in rubber reinforcement. The study gathers recent research findings on incorporating various nanocellulose variants into rubber matrices, focusing on enhancing mechanical integrity and potentially replacing conventional rubber fillers. The article also discusses the mechanism of reinforcement and mechanical behaviors of nanocellulose-reinforced rubber composites, concluding with potential industrial applications and future directions of this technology.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Boming Zeng, Xueqing Wang, Meikun Fan
Summary: This paper proposes a simple strategy to prepare a field deployable SERS sensor, called SERS smart sand (SERS3), by modifying sea sand with Ag NPs. The prepared SERS3 sensor can be easily spread on the surface of interest for sensing and can detect ppb level of Raman probe using a low magnification lens. The feasibility of in situ detection of KNO3 in soil was also demonstrated.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dinuka Kankanige, Sandhya Babel
Summary: Plastic-contaminated drinking water is a global concern, with a focus on microplastics contamination in a conventional water treatment plant in Thailand. The study found that the water treatment plant had an overall removal efficiency of 67.6% to 57.2%, with a substantial number of microplastics still present in the treated water. The dominant sources of microplastics contamination were identified as raw water and internal contamination within the plant, posing a challenge to drinking water quality in Thailand.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Joseph F. Moore, Erwan Paineau, Pascale Launois, Milo S. P. Shaffer
Summary: Research on imogolite nanotube fibers reveals that the aspect ratio of the nanotubes plays a critical role in the spinning process, with longer nanotubes making the spinning process easier. Additionally, the study shows that the tensile behavior of imogolite nanotube fibers is strongly influenced by relative humidity, with lower humidity leading to a higher modulus.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Said A. Said, Christopher S. Roberts, Ja Kyung Lee, Milo S. P. Shaffer, Charlotte K. Williams
Summary: Intercalation of carboxylate into layered zinc hydroxides can be achieved directly at room temperature, resulting in crystalline, soluble, and functionalized materials. This direct synthesis method leads to high yields of exfoliated monolayer nanosheets, with high solubilities in alcohols and water. By altering the carboxylate ligand, functional groups suitable for post-synthetic modification or for detection by fluorescence are also introduced.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Mustafa K. Bayazit, Lunqiao Xiong, Chaoran Jiang, Savio J. A. Moniz, Edward White, Milo S. P. Shaffer, Junwang Tang
Summary: A cost-effective physical approach is used to produce defect-free single-layer graphene flakes, which exhibit excellent conductivity and performance in catalytic water oxidation reactions. The high-quality graphene films fabricated without any chemical or physical post-treatment show remarkable properties attributed to the extremely high conductivity of the graphene flakes.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Elitza Karadotcheva, Sang N. Nguyen, Emile S. Greenhalgh, Milo S. P. Shaffer, Anthony R. J. Kucernak, Peter Linde
Summary: The study investigated the feasibility of integrating structural power composites into future electric aircraft and assessed the impact on emissions. Results showed that structural power composites could potentially make electric aircraft lighter and safer, while increasing fuel efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Adriana M. Navarro-Suarez, Milo S. P. Shaffer
Summary: Structural energy storage devices (SESDs), which can simultaneously store electrical energy and withstand mechanical loads, have great potential in reducing overall system weight in various applications. The development of true multifunctional materials is crucial for the realization of electrochemical SESDs, and the choice of device chemistries poses significant challenges.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Steven Lamoriniere, Mitchell P. Jones, Kingsley Ho, Gerhard Kalinka, Milo S. P. Shaffer, Alexander Bismarck
Summary: Embedding carbon fibers in CNT-PEEK powders can significantly improve the interfacial shear strength between the fiber and the matrix. The interfacial shear strength is negatively correlated with the fiber length, indicating brittle fracture at the fiber-matrix interface. The pulled out carbon fibers are still coated with the matrix, indicating strong adhesion at the interface.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Neptun Yousefi, Sandra J. Fisher, Christoph Burgstaller, Milo S. P. Shaffer, Alexander Bismarck
Summary: Uncured solid bisphenol-A epoxy resins containing up to 20 wt% carbon nanotubes were prepared using melt blending in a high shear mixer to produce fine nanocomposite powders. The resulting well-dispersed nanocomposites exhibited improved mechanical properties and through-thickness electrical conductivity with intermediate CNT loadings.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhuocheng Xu, Catherine Tonry, Christopher Beckwith, Andrew Kao, Hayley Wong, Milo S. P. Shaffer, Koulis Pericleous, Qianqian Li
Summary: This study investigates the deagglomeration mechanisms and the influence of sonotrode amplitude on multiwall carbon nanotubes in ultrasonic treatment, using a combination of high-speed imaging and numerical modeling. The results provide important insights into understanding and applying deagglomeration of carbonaceous and other high aspect ratio nanomaterials.
Article
Electrochemistry
Rose P. Oates, James Murawski, Carys Hor, Xuyang Shen, Daniel J. Weber, Mehtap Oezaslan, Milo S. P. Shaffer, Ifan E. L. Stephens
Summary: The factors controlling the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on seven different commercial carbon materials commonly found in electrochemical systems have been investigated in this study. The results suggest that carbon materials with low metal impurities have the lowest H2 evolution rates.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lata Govada, Noelia Rubio, Emmanuel Saridakis, Kalpana Balaskandan, Hannah S. Leese, Yanmin Li, Beijia Wang, Milo S. P. Shaffer, Naomi Chayen
Summary: Protein crystallization is a bottleneck in determining high resolution structures. Researchers have found that using PEGylated graphenes as nucleants can accelerate the process, and they are compatible with high throughput robotic screening. The graphene nucleants can be dispersed in water and have shown wide applicability and good effectiveness.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mustafa Kemal Bayazit, Hin Chun Yau, Hannah Leese, Won Jun Lee, Milo S. P. Shaffer
Summary: This study reports a new reaction method that uses mono-acetylenes to form all-carbon SWCNT organogels at room temperature. The resulting organogels have low density and high reactivity, making them suitable for various secondary reactions.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hannah S. Leese, Miroslav Tejkl, Laia Vilar, Leopold Georgi, Hin Chun Yau, Noelia Rubio, Elisenda Reixach, Jan Buk, Qixiang Jiang, Alexander Bismarck, Robert Hahn, Milo S. P. Shaffer
Summary: Mechanical energy harvesting devices have been developed using novel printed nanocomposite dielectric inks and commercially available conductive elastomers to create a low cost, high performance embodiment of a variable capacitance mechanism. The use of nanoparticle polymer functionalisation improves the homogeneity and stability of the inks. These devices can scavenge low-frequency mechanical energy, providing high mechanical cycling stability and low leakage current.
MATERIALS ADVANCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Sang N. Nguyen, Alexis Millereux, Aymeric Pouyat, Emile S. Greenhalgh, Milo S. P. Shaffer, Anthony R. J. Kucernak, Peter Linde
Summary: This paper investigates the potential use of structural power composites in regional aircraft passenger cabins and the challenges to widespread use, focusing on applying these composites in sandwich floor panels to power entertainment systems. The study sets performance targets for electrochemical energy storage based on mechanical models and advanced laminated composites, highlighting significant mass and cost savings with the use of a distributed energy storage system. Analysis on an Airbus A220-100 predicts potential mass and volume savings, as well as reductions in CO2 and NOx emissions, showcasing the far-reaching implications and systemic benefits of implementing structural power materials.
JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Noelia Rubio, Heather Au, Gabriel O. Coulter, Laure Guetaz, Gerard Gebel, Cecilia Mattevi, Milo S. P. Shaffer
Summary: The study shows that the locus of functionalisation on graphene-related materials and the progress of the reaction strongly depend on the starting feedstock. Experiments with five characteristically different graphite sources reveal an increase in grafting ratio and an improvement in grafting stoichiometry as flake radius decreases. Raman spectrum imaging indicates that grafting is directed towards flake edges.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pichamon Sirisinudomkit, Evgeny Senokos, Noelia Rubio, Milo S. P. Shaffer
Summary: By using reductive charging method, individual SWCNTs were dissolved and assembled into dense "buckypaper" electrodes, achieving high volumetric capacitance through optimization of electrolyte concentration and charging ratio. The full cell performance in ionic liquid reached high energy and power densities without the need for a separate current collector.
MATERIALS ADVANCES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Xi Liu, Wei Shen, Jincun Fu, Toshiaki Natsuki, Lvtao Zhu
Summary: The 3-D carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite tubes were designed and formed using a novel braiding-winding-pultrusion processing technique. The effects of temperature environments on the mechanical responses and damage behaviors of the composite tubes were investigated, and it was found that the structural design of the tubes directly affects their axial bearing capacity.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Weihao Yuan, Ziyang Zhang, Yueshan Li, Yudong Huang, Zhengxiang Zhong, Zhen Hu
Summary: In this study, the simultaneous self-healing of matrix and interface damage of fiber-reinforced composites was achieved by integrating extrinsic self-healing based on microcapsules and internal self-healing based on coordination interaction. The high exothermic action of epoxy resin and mercaptan repair agent in the self-healing process was observed using infrared thermal imaging technology for in-situ and real-time damage detection.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Israr Ud Din, Adnan Ahmed, Farah Tarek, Wesley Cantwell, Kamran A. Khan
Summary: In this study, a finite element model driven by XCT was developed to simulate the folding characteristics of origami structures, and the results showed good agreement with experimental data. The study demonstrates the potential application of XCT-driven FE modeling in simulating foldable structures.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Yishan Yang, Yukang Lai, Song Zhao, Hongguang Chen, Renshu Li, Yongjiang Wang
Summary: This study reports the synthesis of a new transparent fiber reinforced polymer material (tGFRP) with high transparency and superior mechanical properties by controlling the refractive index of epoxy resin and using a novel processing technique.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Yuhang Liu, Kai Huang, Junfeng Ding, Shangyang Yu, Zhixing Li, Li Zhang, Licheng Guo
Summary: This study proposes a method for accurately predicting the penetration failure load of composites using acoustic emission (AE) data. The method includes a cyclic loading test schedule and an extrapolation method based on uncertainty. The results show that this method can accurately predict the failure load when LR equals 1.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Jinxia Cai, Bing Xie, Yunliang Jiang, Jinshan Lu, Zeyu Li, Pu Mao, Mohsin Ali Marwat, Haibo Zhang
Summary: This research aims to develop ternary nanocomposites composed of polycarbonate, Al2O3 nanoparticles, and BaTiO3 nanowires for capacitive energy-storage. By optimizing the capacitor materials, the discharge energy density and efficiency have been improved, and the superiority of the ternary polymer nanocomposites for dielectric energy-storage has been validated through finite element analysis.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Hon Lam Cheung, Mohsen Mirkhalaf
Summary: The aim of this study is to develop physics-based models and establish a structure-property relationship for short fiber composites. High-fidelity full-field simulations are computationally expensive and time-consuming, so the use of artificial neural networks and transfer learning technique is proposed to solve this issue and improve modeling accuracy and efficiency.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Yue Jiang, Juyoung Leem, Ashley M. Robinson, Shuai Wu, Andy H. Huynh, Dongwon Ka, Ruike Renee Zhao, Yan Xia, Xiaolin Zheng
Summary: The effect of interface engineering on the combustion and mechanical performance of high-loading B/HTPB composites was investigated in this study. It was found that both covalently bonded and nonpolar/nonpolar interfaces effectively reduced the aggregation of B particles, promoting combustion efficiency and burning rate, and enhancing the mechanical properties of the composites.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
R. Mohsenzadeh, B. H. Soudmand, A. H. Najafi, M. Fattahi, D. P. Uyen
Summary: This study examines the morphological features of nano-zeolite nanoparticles incorporated into ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene nanocomposites. The dispersion of nanoparticles within the polymer matrix was improved following nano-zeolite incorporation. The size and distribution of nanoparticles were determined through tailored histograms, and the effective elastic moduli of nanocomposites were calculated, considering interfacial effects.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Chunming Ji, Jiqiang Hu, Rene Alderliesten, Jinchuan Yang, Zhengong Zhou, Yuguo Sun, Bing Wang
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of impact damage on the fatigue behavior of CF/PEEK-titanium hybrid laminates. A fatigue life model is proposed to predict the S-N curves of the laminates based on energy dissipation approach. The energy dissipation behavior of the laminates under different experimental conditions is analyzed through post-impact fatigue tests, and the correlation between impact damage and fatigue dissipation energy is determined. The validity of the proposed model is verified through fatigue tests under different stress ratios and impact energy levels.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Shaokai Hu, Ping Han, Chao Meng, Ying Yu, Shaolong Han, Haoyu Wang, Gang Wei, Zheng Gu
Summary: This study decorates MXene on the surface of carbon fiber using different bonding interactions to improve the interface adhesion and mechanical properties of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers composites (CFRPs). The results demonstrate that CFRPs reinforced by CF-c-MXene show the optimal properties, with significant improvements in impact strength and interfacial shear strength compared to the unsized carbon fiber-reinforced composites.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Steven U. Mamolo, Henry A. Sodano
Summary: This study demonstrates that chlorination of ANFs and oxygen plasma treatment of carbon fibers enables the formation of a chlorinated ANF (Cl-ANF) interphase, resulting in a 79.8% increase in interfacial shear strength and a 33.7% increase in short beam strength in CFRP composites. This method provides a rapid and reliable process to improve the mechanical properties of CFRPs without degrading the tensile strength of the carbon fibers.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Yuyang Zhang, Huimin Li, Xin Liu, Yanhong Chen, Chengwei Qin, Daining Fang
Summary: Establishing a prediction model for the mechanical properties of three-dimensional tubular braided composites at different temperatures is of great significance. This study adopted a multi-scale modeling framework based on micro-computed tomography to consider the characteristics of the real yarn cross section and establish a realistic trans-scale finite element model for the composites. The predicted mechanical properties were found to be significantly affected by temperature.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Shengtao Dai, Fei Yan, Jiaming Guo, Huiru Hu, Yu Liu, Liu Liu, Yuhui Ao
Summary: This study successfully synthesized a hyperbranched waterborne polyurethane sizing agent and cellulose nanocrystal modified zinc oxide nanohybrids to improve the interface and properties of carbon fiber reinforced composites. The modified composites exhibited remarkable enhancements in mechanical properties and exceptional UV resistance.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Libera Vitiello, Martina Salzano de Luna, Veronica Ambrogi, Giovanni Filippone
Summary: The identification of the percolation threshold in short fiber composites is crucial for assessing material properties and biodegradation speed. In this study, an original rheological approach was used to estimate the percolation threshold of hemp and kenaf-based composites, which showed good agreement with conventional dielectric spectroscopy analyses.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
