Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 210, Issue -, Pages 1099-1107Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.109
Keywords
Advanced oxidation process; Antibiotics; Nanomaterials; Pharmaceuticals; Photocatalysis; Wastewater treatment
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Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan [MOST 104-2221-E-009-020-MY3]
- Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Philippines
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An environment-friendly iodine and potassium co-doped g-C3N4 (IK-C3N4) photocatalyst was synthesized via the co-pyrolysis of urea and potassium iodate. Various characterization techniques were employed to evaluate the physical, thermal and chemical characteristics of the as-synthesized photo catalyst. Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was used as a representative antibiotic pollutant. SMX removal by IK-C3N4 photocatalysts exceeded 99% (similar to 23 times higher than that of pure g-C3N4) within 45 min of visible light irradiation. The kinetics of SMX removal was analyzed with respect to solution pH, photocatalyst dosage and initial SMX concentration. Experimental data was found to fit the pseudo-first order kinetics and the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics. The reuse of the photocatalyst up to 3 consecutive photo degradation cycles gave a minimal decline in SMX removal while the structure and the crystallinity of the nanomaterials remained unchanged. Overall, morphology engineering of conventional bulk graphitic carbon nitride can produce highly efficient photocatalysts for the decontamination of antibiotics in the aqueous environment. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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