Journal
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
Volume 30, Issue 9, Pages 3141-3149Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b01455
Keywords
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Funding
- Israel Council for Higher Education-Focal Area Technology [872967]
- Volkswagen Stiftung [88116]
- Israel Ministry of Defense [4440827018]
- Israel Ministry of Trade (Maymad Project) [54662]
- Israel Science Foundation Bikura [1508/14]
- Israel Science Foundation [985/11, 914/15]
- Niedersachsen-Deutsche Technion Gesellschaft E.V. [ZN2916]
- European Commission via the Marie-Sklodowska Curie action Phonsi [H2020-MSCAITN-642656]
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Attention to semiconductor nanostructures with a narrow band gap energy and low production cost has increased in recent years, due to practical demands for use in various optoelectronics and communication devices. Colloidal nanostructures from the IV-VI semiconductors, such as lead and tin chalcogenides, seem to be the most suitable materials platform; however, their poor chemical and spectral stability has impeded practical applications. The present work explored the mechanism for formation of new nanostructures, SnTe/PbTe/SnO2, with a core/shell/shell heterostructure architecture. The preparation involved a single-step post-treatment for the preprepared SnTe cores, which simultaneously generated two different consecutive shells. The process followed a remarkable Kirkendall effect, where Sn ions diffused to the exterior surface from a region below the surface and left a ringlike vacancy area. Then Pb ions diffused inward and created a PbTe shell, filling the Sn-deficient region. Finally, the ejected Sn ions at the exterior surface underwent oxidation and formed a disordered SnO2 layer. These intriguing processes were corroborated by a theoretical estimation of the relative diffusion length of the individual elements at the reaction temperature. The nanostructures which were comprised of low-toxicity elements were endowed with optical tunability and chemical stability, which lasted more than one month at ambient conditions.
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