Journal
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
Volume 279, Issue -, Pages 129-135Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.11.010
Keywords
Chitosan oligosaccharides; Degree of polymerization; Colon cancer; HCT116; Apoptosis
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31000831]
- Agriculture Science Technology Achievement Transformation Fund [2008GB23260349]
- Research Fund for Post-doctor of Heilongjiang Province [LBH.Q12085]
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Colon cancer is the third most common cancer, and yet there is a lack of effective therapeutic method with low side effects. Chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) is derived from chitosan after chitin deacetylation, and attracts more interests due to smaller molecular weight and soluble property. Previously, COS, mainly absorbed through intestinal epithelia, has been reported to exhibit many bioactivities, especially its anti-tumor effect. Recent references pay little attention to molecular weight distribution which is crucial for understanding its biological behavior. Here, we studied reducing sugar content and degree of polymerization (DP) of COS. 86.73% reducing sugar exists in COS sample and the content of chitosan fractions with 2-6 is 85.8%. COS suppressed the growth of HCT116 cells in vitro and in vivo, and the inhibition rate of tumor weight in vivo was high up to 58.6%. Moreover, the morphology observation, flow cytometry analysis and mRNA expression were applied to study the apoptosis related mechanism. COS treatment promoted mitosis, late stage apoptosis and S cell cycle arrest in HCT116 cells, and enhanced the mRNA expression of BAK and reduce BCL-2 and BCL-x(L). These findings may provide an important clue for clinical applications of COS as anti-tumor drug or pharmaceutic adjuvant in the future.
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