Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 7, Issue 30, Pages 16382-16386Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b03503
Keywords
solar cells; CdS; CdTe; alternative buffer layers; XPS
Funding
- NSF Accelerated Innovation Research program at Colorado State University [11P-1127362]
- DAAD RISE Professional program
- Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-ACo2-05CD11231]
- Helmholtz-Association [VH-NG-423]
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On the basis of a combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and synchrotron-based X-ray emission spectroscopy, we present a detailed characterization of the chemical structure of CdS:O thin films that can be employed as a substitute for CdS layers in thin-film solar cells. It is possible to analyze the local chemical environment of the probed elements, in particular sulfur, hence allowing insights into the species-specific composition of the films and their surfaces. A detailed quantification of the observed sulfur environments (i.e., sulfide, sulfate, and an intermediate oxide) as a function of oxygen content is presented, allowing a deliberate optimization of CdS:O thin films for their use as alternative buffer layers in thin-film photovoltaic devices.
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