Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Lei Xu, Min Chen, Nan Wang, Song Gao
Summary: The wear mechanisms of the furnace linings in oxygen bottom-blown smelting technology are mainly due to the strong chemical interaction at the bath-lining interface, resulting in the formation of thick corrosion layers. The high injection pressure and the presence of copper melts in the slag greatly accelerate the corrosion process.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
O. H. Borges, F. G. Coury, D. N. F. Muche, V. C. Pandolfelli
Summary: In this study, multiple electron-microscope-based techniques were applied to assess the microstructural features of electrofused magnesia-chromite aggregate (EMCA). The results showed that the aggregates were comprised of a periclase matrix with embedded spinel precipitates, which induced microcracking due to thermal expansion mismatch. By designing compositionally complex ceramics, eco-friendly alternatives to EMCA were found and successfully produced. This study highlights the potential of the design approach in supporting the development of novel raw materials.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hussain Ahmed, Luis Ricardez-Sandoval, Matti Vilkko
Summary: Copper losses during PSC operation are a major concern in copper smelting, with the primary objectives being to produce blister copper quickly and minimize losses. A linear multi-period scheduling framework is proposed to optimize PSC operations, with an industrial case study demonstrating its effectiveness. This solution may be applicable to other smelting processes and aid in the design of inter-PSC scheduling frameworks.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hongliang Zhao, Jingqi Wang, Fengqin Liu, Hong Yong Sohn
Summary: The distribution of flow zones and mixing time in a Peirce-Smith copper converter was studied, and a dimensionless equation with less than 5% error correlation of stirring and mixing energy was established. It was recommended to improve slag-making reaction by injecting a quartz flux through tuyeres or into the backflow point of the splashing wave through a chute.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINERALS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Rui-qiang Bai, Si-yang Liu, Fei-xiong Mao, Yuan-yuan Zhang, Xin Yang, Zhi-jun He
Summary: The study revealed that the MgO content in slag affects the wetting and corrosion behavior between slag and MgO-C refractory, leading to reduced wetting capability, decreased penetration depth, and accelerated corrosion as MgO content increases. Additionally, the increase in MgO content in slag results in higher viscosity, poorer fluidity, weakened mass transfer and diffusion, and reduced activity of FeO, which collectively weaken the wetting effect caused by chemical reactions.
JOURNAL OF IRON AND STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Yajie Dai, Wen Yan, Yawei Li, Jianfeng Si, Yibiao Xu, Anzhe Wang
Summary: This study simulated the fracture behavior of lightweight magnesia spinel refractory and compared it with common refractory with dense aggregates to demonstrate the influence of porous composite aggregate. A microstructure-based heterogeneous continuum modeling strategy was proposed to establish meso-scale interfacial model and refractory multiscale wedge splitting test model. The presence of fine pores and two mineral phases in the porous composite aggregate resulted in a rougher surface and localized microcracks. The better interlocking of aggregate/matrix interface and the reduction of wall effect promoted the propagation of transgranular cracks, resulting in higher fracture energy compared to common magnesia spinel refractory. The two types of refractory exhibited very different fracture mechanisms.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Wei Liu, Ling Wang, Baozhong Ma, Chengyan Wang, Fengqin Liu, Yongqiang Chen
Summary: This study investigates the corrosion behavior of magnesia-chrome refractories immersed in copper converter slags at different temperatures. It proposes a novel approach to prolong the lifetime of the furnaces based on the understanding of the corrosion mechanism.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kezhou Song, Ari Jokilaakso
Summary: CFD simulation was used to study the agitation behavior in bottom blown copper smelting furnaces, revealing the presence of a low velocity region opposite the bubble plume. Optimizing the tuyere arrangement is crucial for enhancing agitation efficiency and reducing dead zones.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jinghong Gao, Weiguang Su, Xudong Song, Yonghui Bai, Jiaofei Wang, Guangsuo Yu
Summary: Periodical relining of the gasifier is a major cost driver in the coal gasification industry. This study investigated the failure mechanisms of refractory bricks taken from different areas of an industrial gasifier and found that the failure mechanisms varied depending on the area. Crack growth and structural spalling were identified as the main causes of damage.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qiang Wang, Chong Tan, Chang Liu, Zhiyuan Chen, Wen Yan, Qiang Wang, Guangqiang Li
Summary: This study proposes a quantitative evaluation method for the deterioration of magnesia refractory in the smelting process and develops a numerical model to study the dissolution behavior. The results show that flow significantly increases the wear rate of refractory materials, highlighting the importance of considering flow-induced erosion in wear rate estimation.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Jedrzej Wydra, Szymon Matuszewski
Summary: The study simulated the estimation of minimum PMI for empty puparia of specific fly species under different temperature conditions and post-eclosion intervals, finding that the collection season of the puparium influenced the results. Puparia collected in winter or early spring were not affected by the post-eclosion interval, while in late spring, summer, or autumn, the minimum PMI increased with the post-eclosion interval.
FORENSIC SCIENCE MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Binglang Ren, Guang Wang, Haibin Zuo, Qingguo Xue, Xuefeng She, Jingsong Wang
Summary: The reforming of converter gas with coke oven gas in a converter flue is an effective process to enhance waste heat recovery and reduce CO2 emissions. Through experiments and numerical simulation, the kinetics of the CH4-CO2 reaction catalyzed by converter dust were investigated, and the influence of converter gas flow rate on the reforming process was studied.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ji-A Lee, Chang-Su Ha, Jeong-Whan Han
Summary: Research on post-combustion behavior of supersonic jets is needed, as most studies on post-combustion have been conducted using subsonic nozzles while actual converter processes use supersonic nozzles. This study used a converter simulator and a supersonic nozzle to investigate the effect of nozzle height on post-combustion behavior. The analysis showed that the lowest gas velocity and widest distribution of high temperature and reaction zones were observed under the condition of the highest nozzle height of 530 mm.
KOREAN JOURNAL OF METALS AND MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
J. K. Kabasele, K. D. Nyembwe
Summary: In the post-pandemic world, health and environmental safety are now more important, leading to various engineering sectors, including the foundry industry, adopting measures to address health and safety concerns. Silica sand, a common material in foundries, poses risks of pulmonary diseases, prompting the need for more recyclable alternatives. The use of chromite sand in foundries is being studied as a way to improve workplace health and reduce environmental impact.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Peng-Yuan Dong, Shu-Guo Zheng, Miao-Yong Zhu
Summary: The flow field characteristics of conventional four-hole oxygen lance and single-flow post-combustion (PC) oxygen lance at steelmaking temperature were studied using numerical simulation. Industrial trials were conducted in a 120 t top-blown converter to evaluate their metallurgical effects. The results showed that the PC oxygen lance had better jet characteristics compared to the conventional lance in both radial and axial directions. The industrial trials demonstrated that using the PC oxygen lance reduced blowing time, actual oxygen consumption, and increased dephosphorization rate, while also solving the problem of splashing or drying caused by increasing the oxygen flow rate of the conventional lance.
IRONMAKING & STEELMAKING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jose Matias Garrido, Marcela Cartes, Andres Mejia, Jesus Algaba, Jose Manuel Miguez, Felipe J. Blas, Ignacio Moreno-Ventas Bravo, Manuel M. Pineiro
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
(2017)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
J. C. Fernandez-Caliani, I. Moreno-Ventas, M. Bacedoni, G. Rios
MINERALS & METALLURGICAL PROCESSING
(2017)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Ismael Perez, Ignacio Moreno-Ventas, Guillermo Rios
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jesus Algaba, Jose Matias Garrido, Jose Manuel Miguez, Andres Mejia, A. Ignacio Moreno-Ventas Bravo, Felipe J. Blas
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2018)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ismael Perez, Ignacio Moreno-Ventas, Roberto Parra, Guillermo Rios
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Ismael Perez, Ignacio Moreno-Ventas, Roberto Parra, Guillermo Rios
BOLETIN DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE CERAMICA Y VIDRIO
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Ismael Perez, Ignacio Moreno-Ventas, Roberto Parra, Guillermo Rios
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Ismael Perez, Ignacio Moreno-Ventas, Roberto Parra, Eugenia Araneda, Guillermo Rios
BOLETIN DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE CERAMICA Y VIDRIO
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Ismael Perez, Ignacio Moreno-Ventas, Guillermo Rios
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Ismael Perez, Ignacio Moreno-Ventas, Guillermo Rios
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
M. Vazquez, I. Moreno-Ventas, I. Raposo, A. Palma, M. J. Diaz
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ismael Perez, Ignacio Moreno-Ventas, Guillermo Rios, Tomas Bravo
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Maria Bacedoni, Ignacio Moreno-Ventas, Guillermo Rios
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
M. Vazquez, I. Moreno-Ventas, I. Raposo, A. Palma, M. J. Diaz
MINING METALLURGY & EXPLORATION
(2020)
