Article
Energy & Fuels
Muhammad Younis Khan, Muhammad Awais, Farrukh Hussain, Matloob Hussain, Irfan U. Jan
Summary: The objective of this study is to estimate the formation pore pressure of the Chorgali Formation in the Meyal Oil Field, Pakistan, and investigate its variations influenced by geological, lithological, and tectonic factors.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Muhammad Raiees Amjad, Muhsan Ehsan, Muyyassar Hussain, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Abdul Rehman, Zohaib Naseer, Muhammad Nauman Ejaz, Rafik Baouche, Ahmed Elbeltagi
Summary: The quality of carbonate reservoirs is heavily influenced by processes such as compaction, cementation, and dissolution during sediment burial. Porosity and pore pressure, directly affected by mechanical and chemical compactions, are the main factors. Changes in reservoir quality are observed in response to variable sediment influx caused by molasse sediment deposition resulting from the Himalayan orogeny. This study aims to analyze the variations in carbonate reservoir quality induced by compaction and variable sediment influx using the Sakesar Limestone in the Potwar Basin as a case study. The analysis includes porosity computation from log and seismic data, which indicate 2-4% porosities in the Sakesar Limestone and a sharp decrease in porosity values during the Miocene times.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Weimin Jiang, Qingqing Luo, Kaibo Shi, Bo Liu, Yuanchong Wang, Xiaoqiao Gao
Summary: This study provides insights into the impact of microfacies types and carbonate diagenesis on porosity development in deeply buried microbial-dominated carbonate reservoirs of the Lower Cambrian strata in the Tarim Basin. Different reservoir qualities were observed in transgressive and highstand systems tracts, with various pore types identified. Dolomitization played a role in preserving porosity, while subsequent faulting and uplifting may have affected reservoir heterogeneity.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuwen Dong, Iftikhar Satti, Xu Chen
Summary: Shore sand bar reservoirs have great potential for petroleum exploration and development, but their efficient development is hindered by the rapid lateral change and heterogeneity. This study investigates the petromineral composition, microfacies, and reservoir connectivity of the shore sand bar in the southern Indus basin through integrated analysis of various data, providing insights into the petroleum geological characteristics and reservoir connectivity of shore sand bar reservoirs.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ahmed Ali, Mahmoud Gabr, Mohamed Hashem, Ashraf M. T. Elewa, Ramadan S. A. Mohamed
Summary: The Nile Delta region in Egypt is the main province for gas production, with Late Miocene sediments being the target for drilling. A study on the Messinian Qawasim Formation at El Tamad Field revealed two main facies: clastic and carbonate, with the sandstones showing excellent reservoir potential for hydrocarbons due to their depositional and diagenetic features. The microfacies of the sandstones exhibit characteristics such as well sorting, open packing, poor cementation, and enhanced porosity from diagenetic processes like dolomitization and grain cracking.
JOURNAL OF ASIAN EARTH SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geology
Atif Salim, Muhammad Kashif, Bin Dou, Danish Khan, Muhammad Jawad Munawar, Noor Ahmed, Naveed Rehman, Muhammad Sajid, Zahid Ullah, Muhammad Tariq
Summary: The Sheikhan Limestone of Eocene age was studied in detail, including its microfacies analysis, depositional setting, reservoir potential, and diagenetic sequence. Petrographic analysis, X-ray diffraction, cathodoluminescence, pore plug porosity, and Scanning Electron Microscope analysis were used in this research. The Sheikhan Limestone is compacted, fossiliferous, and yellowish-grey in color, with interbedded shale partings. Petrographic study revealed the occurrence of calcite in the form of micrite and carbonate-filled fractures. Diagenetic processes such as micritization, neomorphism, cementation, compaction, dissolution, and fracturing were identified. The dissolution and fractures enhance reservoir characteristics, while clay minerals, micritization, compaction, and cementation reduce reservoir potential. Based on all petrographic studies and microfacies analysis, it is suggested that the Eocene Sheikhan Limestone was deposited in a shallow neritic inner shelf environment. This study provides important insights into the geology and petroleum resources of the region.
CARBONATES AND EVAPORITES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Huan Wang, Kaibo Shi, Yongsheng Ma, Bo Liu, Xinmin Song, Yuzhu Ge, Hangyu Liu, Rene Hoffmann, Adrian Immenhauser
Summary: The study on Mishrif carbonates in the Central Mesopotamian Basin of Iraq shows a wide range of rock fabrics and diagenetic features that impact reservoir quality and flow properties. A homoclinal ramp geometry model with twelve microfacies types is proposed, showing low-energy conditions in the ramp. Two main diagenetic features shape reservoir properties, including early diagenetic dissolution and preferential cementation, leading to distinctive reservoir qualities.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bilal Wadood, Suleman Khan, Hong Li, Yiqun Liu, Sajjad Ahmad, Xin Jiao
Summary: This paper aims to establish a possible link between sequence stratigraphy and reservoir potential in the Middle Jurassic carbonates of the Samana Suk Formation in North Pakistan. Through the analysis of petrographic features and microfacies, it is found that mudstones/wackestones in the regressive systems tracts have higher reservoir potential compared to grainstones in the transgressive systems tracts. The higher porosity and interconnectivity of available pores in the regressive and transgressive systems tracts suggest good reservoir potential for the Samana Suk Formation.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Waleed Tariq, Gohar Rehman, Syed Ahsan Hussain Gardezi, Nawaz Ikram
Summary: The study focuses on the evaluation of reservoir potential of the Lockhart Limestone through the analysis of structural-kinematics, fracture networks, microfacies identification and diagenesis. The results show that the Lockhart Limestone exhibits heterogeneity in its diagenetic and tectonic features, with the presence of open and partially filled fractures promoting fluid mobility and high fracture permeability. Stylolites, veins and dissolution seams have a negative impact on reservoir potential. Overall, the Lockhart Limestone demonstrates good reservoir potential in the study area.
JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Hassan Mehmood, Muhammad Armaghan Faisal Miraj, Naveed Ahsan
Summary: The research in the Salt Range area focused on determining the paleostress inversion from fracture data collected from Eocene limestone. The stress analysis showed that the primary stress axes were sub-horizontal and vertical, indicating a compressive regime with the main stress orientation NNE-SSW.
ACTA GEODYNAMICA ET GEOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Amir Shahzad, Munir ul Hassan Munir, Thierry Adatte, Muhammad Tayyib Riaz, Muhammad Basharat, Khawaja Shoaib Ahmed, Yasir Sarfraz, Jahanzeb Khan, Muhammad Saleem Mughal
Summary: The sedimentological characteristics of the Margalla Hill Limestone (MHL) were investigated using a multi-proxy approach, revealing low organic carbon content, mainly Type-III and Type-IV organic matter. The study suggests a low rate of sedimentation under intense chemical weathering likely influenced by tropical paleoclimatic conditions with abundant rainfall.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Emily M. Hoyt, John N. Hooker
Summary: Fractures in limestone layers in the Appalachian Basin in Central Pennsylvania exhibit layer-parallel characteristics, unlike shales, and are accompanied by layer-perpendicular fractures forming a boxwork-like pattern. The driving mechanism of fractures is likely related to the diagenetic transition of biogenic silica to quartz, as evidenced by the presence of silica grains in various forms and calcite cement in the fractures. Additionally, silica migration away from the fracturing layers may have caused volume loss and prevented vertical contraction of the host rock, while silica precipitation may have decreased permeability and induced fracturing via fluid overpressure.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhenghong Yu, Si Chen, Weidong Xie, Shu'e Zhao, Jianghao Ma, Tianhao Gong
Summary: This study identifies five types of sedimentary microfacies and analyzes the major diagenetic processes in sandstones through core observation and logging data. The results show that grain size is the primary controlling factor for reservoir quality, and it is influenced by sedimentary microfacies and diagenetic processes, which collectively affect the porosity and permeability of the reservoir.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shuja Ullah, Muhammad Hanif, Ahmed E. Radwan, Chuanxiu Luo, Nazir Ur Rehman, Sajjad Ahmad, Khalid Latif, Nowrad Ali, Hung Vo Thanh, Muhammad Asim, Umar Ashraf
Summary: This study focuses on the depositional environment, diagenesis, and reservoir characterization of the Lower Eocene Margala Hill Limestone in southeastern Hazara, Pakistan. Through sedimentological and stable isotopes analysis, it was found that the studied formation exhibits medium-to thickly bedded, nodular, and fractured characteristics. Six microfacies were identified based on petrographic studies. The Margala Hill Limestone was affected by marine, meteoric, and burial diagenesis, and shows various types of porosity, making it a good secondary reservoir for hydrocarbon accumulation.
GEOENERGY SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Geology
Ahmer Bilal, Renchao Yang, Hammad Tariq Janjuhah, Muhammad Saleem Mughal, Yang Li, George Kontakiotis, Nils Lenhardt
Summary: A detailed sedimentological analysis of the Palaeocene Lockhart Limestone was conducted to evaluate the depositional environment, diagenetic processes, and hydrocarbon potential. The study found that the Lockhart Limestone represents a shallow shelf environment with potential as an excellent hydrocarbon reservoir rock and a primary target for future exploration.
DEPOSITIONAL RECORD
(2023)
Article
Paleontology
Maqsood Ur Rahman, Muhammad Hanif, Tao Jiang, Sohail Wahid
Summary: Orthophragminids are an important biostratigraphic proxy in the western Tethys during the Paleocene-Eocene period, but are less studied in the eastern Tethys. This study focused on the detailed taxonomy and biostratigraphy of orthophragminids, identifying nine species/subspecies including two new species. The identified orthophragminid taxa represent the OZ2-3 zones of the early Ypresian, with some differences in first appearances compared to western Tethys. The paleoecological setting for the species occurrences is interpreted as inner to middle shelf.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Muhammad Hanif, Mahnoor Sabba, Nowrad Ali, Maqsood Ur Rahman, Fahad Ali, Muhammad Azhar Farooq Swati
Summary: The Palaeocene-Eocene boundary (PEB) interval in the Patala Formation of Nammal Gorge Section, Pakistan has been identified using lithostratigraphy, stable carbon isotope stratigraphy, and integrated biostratigraphy, with a negative shift in carbon isotopes in unit-2. Various biozones spanning the PEB have been recognized based on foraminifera, dinocysts, and calcareous nannoplanktons, indicating changes in the benthic and planktonic assemblages across different depositional environments.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Muhammad Azhar Farooq Swati, Muhammad Hanif, Muhammad Haneef, Abdus Saboor
Summary: This study establishes the biostratigraphic framework of the Upper Palaeocene-Lower Eocene rocks in the Upper Indus Basin, Pakistan, Eastern Tethys, using three different fossil groups from the Patala Formation. By integrating biozones and widely used biostratigraphic criteria, the Palaeocene-Eocene boundary interval was identified, providing a basis for local and Tethys-wide correlations.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Muhammad Fawad Akbar Khan, Khan Muhammad, Shahid Bashir, Shahab Ud Din, Muhammad Hanif
Summary: Machine-learning algorithms were applied to differentiate limestone formations in the Hazara division of Pakistan, with a focus on subclass mapping within the same lithology. Various MLAs were tested and the RF algorithm showed the best accuracy, especially after further annotation and data fusion for improved classification results.
ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Maqsood Ur Rahman, Muhammad Hanif, Tao Jiang, Sohail Wahid
Summary: This study focused on the analysis of the Alveolinid group of larger benthic foraminifera in the eastern Neo-Tethys region, identifying and discussing 19 species from the Ypresian and Early Lutetian ages. Their biometrics, taxonomy, and biostratigraphic correlation with the western and central Neo-Tethys were examined, providing further evidence for understanding the evolution and distribution of Alveolina species in the Tethyan realm.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fahad Ali, Shiqi Zhang, Saeed Abbas, Muhammad Hanif, Yaxuan Zhang, Mohibullah Mohibullah
Summary: The Lower to Middle Jurassic sedimentary succession in the Indus Basin of Pakistan consists of thick strata of shale, siliciclastic, and carbonate rocks, with potential high source rock for hydrocarbon production. Various geophysical and geochemical analyses indicate good to high potentials for oil generation in these black shales, making them feasible for future exploration. Additionally, the correlation with equivalent formations in India and China highlights the regional importance of these strata.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Fahad Ali, Shiqi Zhang, Muhammad Hanif, Mohibullah Mohibullah, Yaxuan Zhang, Muhammad Usman, Sheng Wang, Xueliang Liu, Pengjie Ma, Dongmou Huang
Summary: This study provides insights into the depositional setting and geological history of black shales in the Indus Basin. Analysis of trace elements and isotopic ratios indicates the presence of oxygen-depleted anoxic conditions in high-potential source rock and oxic to sub-oxic settings in non-potential source rock. Palynofacies analysis confirms a mixed terrestrial and marine organic influx. The depositional setting of black shale is found to occur in the anoxic proximal to distal shelf.
FRONTIERS OF EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hussain Asghar, Saeed Abbas, Muhammad Sabir Khan, Samina Jahandad, Muhammad Hanif, Muhammad Saleem Mughal, Gulfam Hussain
Summary: This research focuses on the geochemical characterization of the Ranikot Formation shales in the Southern Indus Basin in Pakistan. The results show that these shales have a high hydrocarbon potential, with predominantly Type II-III kerogens and immature levels. The organic matter in the shales is derived from marine macrophytes, algae, and land plants. The XRD analysis reveals that the shales are predominantly composed of quartz.
KUWAIT JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mumtaz Ali Khan, Nimat Ullah Khattak, Muhammad Hanif
Summary: This study conducted soil radon measurements using Durridge RAD7 on known geological faults in district Karak, Pakistan. The results showed high radon concentrations along the fault lines, indicating the potential for using radon measurement as a tool for identifying active faults and determining their extent.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Abdus Saboor, Chengshan Wang, Yalin Li, Chen Xi, Licheng Wang, Arman Jafarian, Muhammad Hanif, Mohibullah Mohibullah
Summary: This study addresses the post-depositional changes in Early-Middle Jurassic carbonate-dominated units in the Indus Basin, Pakistan. Petrographic and geochemical analysis reveals the dominance of hardgrounds, biogenic micritization, and iron-containing burrows in the northern proximity. Dolomitization and bioturbation increase from Early to Middle Jurassic, but intensity decreases from north to south. The cementation mainly occurred in the oxic-dysoxic zones with a sub-tropical climate.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Shuja Ullah, Irfan U. Jan, Muhammad Hanif, Khalid Latif, Mohibullah Mohibullah, Mahnoor Sabba, Aqsa Anees, Umar Ashraf, Hung Vo Thanh
Summary: The Cretaceous Goru Formation in the Chutair Section of the Sulaiman Range was studied for its paleoenvironment and bio-sequence stratigraphy. Eight planktonic foraminiferal biozones and five microfacies were identified. The study also revealed the presence of second and third order cycles and their corresponding transgressive and regressive system tracts. The sea level curve of the Goru Formation showed fluctuations between outer-ramp and deep-basin settings, with the third order cycle influenced by local tectonic control.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Mahnoor Sabba, Muhammad Hanif, Mohibullah Mohibullah, Shuja Ullah, Muhammad Ishaq, Mukhtiar Ghani
Summary: A detailed taxonomy and biostratigraphy study of the limestone, shale-rich Cretaceous Goru Formation in the western Sulaiman Range identified diverse and well-preserved planktonic foraminifera. Based on the assemblage of planktonic foraminifera, the studied formation is assigned to the middle Albian to late Turonian age. The characteristics of the foraminiferal assemblage suggest that the Cretaceous Goru Formation belonged to a subtropical, warm water environment in the Tethyan Realm and the paleobiogeographic reconstruction indicates connectivity of the Neotethys during the Albian-Turonian interval.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fakhar Elahi, Khan Muhammad, Shahab Ud Din, Muhammad Fawad Akbar Khan, Shahid Bashir, Muhammad Hanif
Summary: Artificial intelligence-based multispectral remote sensing is an effective tool to enhance lithological mapping abilities with limited resources. Researchers explore considerations such as dataset availability, algorithm choice, cost, accuracy, computational time, data labeling, and terrain features. In this study, SVM and ANN were applied to classify lithologies in the remote regions of the Kohat Basin in Pakistan using Sentinel-2 MSI dataset. The SVM algorithm demonstrated higher computational efficiency, accuracy, and ease of use compared to ANN, which required time-consuming data transformation.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Bilal Ahmed, Shahzad Bakht, Sohail Wahid, Muhammad Hanif
Summary: This research analyzed the structural geometry and reservoir potential of the Cretaceous sequence in southern Hazara, Pakistan. The study found intense deformation and characterized thrust faults and folds in the research area. The reservoir studies showed that the Chichali Formation can be proven as a good reservoir rock, and the Kawagarh Formation may be proven as a reservoir and seal/cap rock.
RUDARSKO-GEOLOSKO-NAFTNI ZBORNIK
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Khalid Latif, Muhammad Hanif, Syed Anjum Shah, Irfan U. Jan, Muhammad Younis Khan, Hamid Iqbal, Abdullah Khan, Syed Mamoon Siyar, Mohibullah Mohibullah
Summary: In this study, the hydrocarbon generation potential of coal and coaly shale samples from Attock-Cherat Range in Pakistan was evaluated optically and analytically. The samples are likely in the gas window and of good quality, based on petrographical and geochemical analysis.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
(2021)