Review
Oncology
Cameron E. Gaskill, Jessica Maxwell, Naruhiko Ikoma, Michael P. Kim, Ching-Wei Tzeng, Jeffrey E. Lee, Matthew H. G. Katz
Summary: Systemic chemotherapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), with preoperative therapy being widely adopted and supported at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. The future of treatment and trials for PDAC will likely focus on perioperative therapy.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yu-Tso Liao, Yu-Lin Lin, John Huang, Ji-Shiang Hung, Been-Ren Lin
Summary: This study evaluated the necessity of adjuvant chemotherapy for ypT0-2N0 rectal cancer patients. Results showed that postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy may not be required for patients downstaged by neoadjuvant therapy, especially in those without poor prognostic factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Albert Grinshpun, Anatoli Kustanovich, Daniel Neiman, Roni Lehmann-Werman, Aviad Zick, Karen Meir, Elez Vainer, Roy Z. Granit, Amit Arad, Noa Daskal, Ruth Schwartz, Eli Sapir, Myriam Maoz, Esther Tahover, Joshua Moss, Iddo Z. Ben-Dov, Tamar Peretz, Ayala Hubert, Ruth Shemer, Yuval Dor
Summary: The standard treatment approach for stage II/III rectal cancer is neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy followed by surgery. However, better tools are still needed to personalize therapy for the individual patient. In this study, the researchers analyzed colon-derived cell-free DNA using a tissue-specific DNA methylation signature and found that it can predict treatment outcomes and help guide patient selection strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Darlene Rodrigues, Joana Simoes, Laetitia Teixeira, Fatima Aires, Catarina Fernandes, Carmen Rey, Cristina Sarmento, Margarida Marques
Summary: The study revealed a high prevalence of anemia among elderly rectal cancer patients, with baseline anemia associated with shorter LARC-free interval and significantly higher risks of mortality. Patients over 75 years old had a negative impact on overall survival and LARC-specific survival. No significant impact was found for age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index on survival outcomes.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yohan Lee, Sunghyun Kim, Hyejung Cha, Jae Hun Han, Hyun Joon Choi, Eun Go, Sei Hwan You
Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility and potential therapeutic effects of using 13.56 MHz modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) boost in neoadjuvant treatment for rectal cancer. It also suggests that mEHT could be a useful tool in combination treatment with radiotherapy due to its low thermotoxicity and improved treatment compliance.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jaeseung Shin, Nieun Seo, Song-Ee Baek, Nak-Hoon Son, Joon Seok Lim, Nam Kyu Kim, Woong Sub Koom, Sungwon Kim
Summary: This study evaluated radiomics models based on T2-weighted imaging and diffusion-weighted MRI for predicting pCR after nCRT in LARC and compared their performance with visual assessment by radiologists. The results showed that the MRI-based radiomics model had better classification performance than experienced radiologists for diagnosing pathologic complete response in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
Review
Oncology
Yasmin Essaji, Flavio G. Rocha
Summary: In the past 30 years, adjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer has undergone a paradigm shift from surgery to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, with the FOLFIRINOX regimen showing significant improvement in overall survival. Ongoing research is focusing on optimizing agents, treatment duration, and sequencing.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Samer A. Naffouje, Yuen-Joyce Liu, Sivesh K. Kamarajah, George Salti, Fadi Dahdaleh
Summary: This study found that adjuvant chemotherapy following neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery improves overall survival in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma, regardless of their pathological response. Therefore, it is recommended to administer adjuvant chemotherapy after neoadjuvant treatment and surgery for clinical stage II and III rectal adenocarcinoma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Eric Anderson, Alexis LeVee, Sungjin Kim, Katelyn Atkins, Michelle Guan, Veronica Placencio-Hickok, Natalie Moshayedi, Andrew Hendifar, Arsen Osipov, Alexandra Gangi, Miguel Burch, Kevin Waters, May Cho, Samuel Klempner, Joseph Chao, Mitchell Kamrava, Jun Gong
Summary: The study reveals that neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) is associated with the highest rate of pathologic complete response, while neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy (CTTU) is associated with the best overall survival.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Deborah Schrag, Qian Shi, Martin R. Weiser, Marc J. Gollub, Leonard B. Saltz, Benjamin L. Musher, Joel Goldberg, Tareq Al Baghdadi, Karyn A. Goodman, Robert R. McWilliams, Jeffrey M. Farma, Thomas J. George, Hagen F. Kennecke, Ardaman Shergill, Michael Montemurro, Garth D. Nelson, Brian Colgrove, Vallerie Gordon, Alan P. Venook, Eileen M. O'Reilly, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Amylou C. Dueck, Ethan Basch, George J. Chang, Harvey J. Mamon
Summary: Preoperative FOLFOX chemotherapy is as effective as preoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer eligible for sphincter-sparing surgery.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Mark R. Waddle, Daniel J. Ma, Sue L. Visscher, Bijan J. Borah, Jackson M. May, Katherine A. Price, Eric J. Moore, Samir H. Patel, Michael L. Hinni, Ashish V. Chintakuntlawar, Joaquin J. Garcia, Darlene E. Graner, Michelle A. Neben-Wittich, Yolanda I. Garces, Christopher L. Hallemeier, Daniel L. Price, Jan L. Kasperbauer, Jeffrey R. Janus, Robert L. Foote, Robert C. Miller
Summary: The study compared the cost of care for HPV+ OPSCC patients treated with definitive chemoradiation, surgery and adjuvant radiation, and surgery and de-escalated CRT on MC1273. The results showed a 10% and 20% reduction in global costs for the MC1273 treatment group compared with standard-of-care adjuvant RT and definitive CRT treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yi-min Han, Wei-xiang Qi, Shu-bei Wang, Wei-guo Cao, Jia-yi Chen, Gang Cai
Summary: This study compared the clinical outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) and neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and identified patients suitable for nCT alone. The results showed that the nCRT group had a significantly higher pathologic complete response rate and a lower locoregional recurrence rate than the nCT group. The conversion of initial mrMRF (+) to mrMRF (-) after nCT significantly reduced the locoregional recurrence rate.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dashan Ai, Jinjun Ye, Shihong Wei, Yunhai Li, Hui Luo, Jianzhong Cao, Zhengfei Zhu, Weixin Zhao, Qin Lin, Huanjun Yang, Xiangpeng Zheng, Jialiang Zhou, Guang Huang, Ling Li, Jiancheng Li, Zhi Zhang, Guoren Zhou, Dayong Gu, Mingyu Du, Miao Mo, HuiXun Jia, Zhen Zhang, Kuaile Zhao
Summary: This randomized clinical trial compared the efficacy and adverse events of fluorouracil, cisplatin, and carboplatin in definitive chemoradiotherapy for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The results showed that paclitaxel plus fluorouracil did not have superior overall survival compared to paclitaxel plus cisplatin or paclitaxel plus carboplatin regimens in locally advanced ESCC. The cisplatin group had higher rates of hematologic and gastrointestinal toxic effects.
Article
Oncology
Myroslav Lutsyk, Tarek Taha, Salem Billan
Summary: The aim of this study is to identify factors that may predict the response of locally advanced rectal cancer tumors to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The study found that an absolute decrease in the level of circulating lymphocytes is associated with poorer tumor response to treatment, and may serve as a predictive biomarker for treatment resistance.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ye Won Jeon, In Ja Park, Jeong Eun Kim, Jin-Hong Park, Seok-Byung Lim, Chan Wook Kim, Yong Sik Yoon, Jong Lyul Lee, Chang Sik Yu, Jin Cheon Kim
Summary: The study found that adjuvant chemotherapy (ACTx) did not significantly improve overall survival or recurrence-free survival in rectal cancer patients with ypT0-1 disease after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) and surgical resection. Both cT stage and ypN stage were associated with survival outcomes, but only in the radical resection group. Further trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of ACTx in this patient population.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Antoine Italiano, Philippe A. Cassier, Chia-Chi Lin, Tuomo Alanko, Katriina J. Peltola, Anas Gazzah, Her-Shyong Shiah, Emiliano Calvo, Andres Cervantes, Desamparados Roda, Diego Tosi, Bo Gao, Michael Millward, Lydia Warburton, Minna Tanner, Stefan Englert, Stacie Lambert, Apurvasena Parikh, Daniel E. Afar, Gregory Vosganian, Victor Moreno
Summary: This study presents the safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic data of budigalimab in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer patients. Results showed that the drug's profiles are similar to other PD-1 inhibitors, and development in combination with novel anticancer agents is ongoing. The objective response rates and median progression-free survival varied slightly between the HNSCC and NSCLC cohorts.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yolanda Andreu, Paula Martinez, Ana Soto-Rubio, Silvia Fernandez, Carles Bosch, Andres Cervantes
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of distress and unmet supportive care needs in post-treatment colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. Findings showed that one in five CRC survivors had clinical distress and 86% expressed at least one unmet need. The risk factors associated with this included lower socioeconomic status, younger age, and a primary treatment that includes more than surgery.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Tenna Vesterman Henriksen, Noelia Tarazona, Amanda Frydendahl, Thomas Reinert, Francisco Gimeno-Valiente, Juan Antonio Carbonell-Asins, Shruti Sharma, Derrick Renner, Dina Hafez, Desamparados Roda, Marisol Huerta, Susana Rosello, Anders Husted Madsen, Uffe S. Love, Per Vadgaard Andersen, Ole Thorlacius-Ussing, Lene Hjerrild Iversen, Kare Andersson Gotschalck, Himanshu Sethi, Alexey Aleshin, Andres Cervantes, Claus Lindbjerg Andersen
Summary: The study demonstrates the strong prognostic value of serial postoperative ctDNA analysis in predicting recurrence and assessing tumor growth rate. The novel combination of ctDNA detection and growth rate assessment provides unique opportunities for guiding treatment decisions.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Carmela Ferri, Anna Di Biase, Marco Bocchetti, Silvia Zappavigna, Sarah Wagner, Pauline Le Vu, Amalia Luce, Alessia Maria Cossu, Jayakumar Vadakekolathu, Amanda Miles, David J. Boocock, Alex Robinson, Melanie Schwerdtfeger, Virginia Tirino, Federica Papaccio, Michele Caraglia, Tarik Regad, Vincenzo Desiderio
Summary: This study found that MALAT1 expression is associated with high Gleason grade, metastasis occurrence, and reduced survival in PCa patients. The study also revealed a direct interaction between miR-423-5p and MALAT1, which inhibits MALAT1's activity and suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in PCa.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Paula Montero, Martin Perez-Leal, Jose Alejandro Perez-Fidalgo, Celia Sanz, Cristina Estornut, Ines Roger, Javier Milara, Andres Cervantes, Julio Cortijo
Summary: Skin toxicity caused by paclitaxel could be underestimated as the adverse events may appear asymptomatic. This study found that paclitaxel alters gene and protein expression related to skin markers, and impairs the physical, physiological, and biomechanical properties of the skin in gynecological cancer patients. Prophylactic measures should be taken to prevent these subclinical alterations and potential adverse reactions.
News Item
Oncology
C. Montagut, V. Gambardella, M. Cabeza-Segura, T. Fleitas, A. Cervantes
Article
Oncology
Tessa Suzanne van Schooten, Sarah Derks, Elena Jimenez-Marti, Fatima Carneiro, Ceu Figueiredo, Erika Ruiz, Maria Alsina, Cristina Molero, Marcelo Garrido, Arnoldo Riquelme, Carmelo Caballero, Eva Lezcano, Juan Manuel O'Connor, Federico Esteso, Judith Farres, Jose Manuel Mas, Florian Lordick, Jeannette Vogt, Antonella Cardone, Charis Girvalaki, Andres Cervantes, Tania Fleitas
Summary: The LEGACy study is a multi-institutional research project aimed at filling the knowledge gap on gastric cancer in European and Latin American countries. It will generate novel knowledge on tumor biology characteristics by integrating epidemiological, multi-omics, and clinical data, and develop and validate cost-effective clinical decision-making methods.
Article
Oncology
Federica Papaccio, Blanca Garcia-Mico, Francisco Gimeno-Valiente, Manuel Cabeza-Segura, Valentina Gambardella, Maria Fernanda Gutierrez-Bravo, Clara Alfaro-Cervello, Carolina Martinez-Ciarpaglini, Pilar Rentero-Garrido, Sheila Zuniga-Trejos, Juan Antonio Carbonell-Asins, Tania Fleitas, Susana Rosello, Marisol Huerta, Manuel M. Sanchez M. del Pino, Luis Sabater, Desamparados Roda, Noelia Tarazona, Andres Cervantes, Josefa Castillo
Summary: This study generated patient-derived organoids (PDOs) from advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and integrated drug response with multi-omics characterization. By using SWATH-MS and RNA-seq analysis, they identified baseline proteins and gene expression profiles that could predict treatment response and aid in the development of personalized cancer therapeutics.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Marcella La Noce, Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti, Gianpaolo Papaccio, Vitale Del Vecchio, Federica Papaccio
Summary: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease characterized by insulitis and beta cell loss. However, the complex nature of pancreatic microvasculature makes it challenging to detect insulitis and beta cell decline accurately. Further research is needed to understand the role of microvasculature and develop clinically deployable predictive markers for early diagnosis and monitoring of treatment.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Federica Papaccio, Manuel Cabeza-Segura, Blanca Garcia-Mico, Noelia Tarazona, Desamparados Roda, Josefa Castillo, Andres Cervantes
Summary: Precision medicine approaches for solid tumors, mainly based on genomics, have shown limited success. Factors such as gene expression, genomic alterations, and the tumor microenvironment can all influence the response, making a genomics-only approach insufficient. However, the implementation of patient-derived organoids shows promise in predicting patient response to drug treatment.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jorge Sancho-Muriel, Francisco Giner, Hanna Cholewa, Alvaro Garcia-Granero, Susana Rosello, Blas Flor-Lorente, Andres Cervantes, Eduardo Garcia-Granero, Matteo Frasson
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of a novel variable, the percentage of mesorectal infiltration (PMI), in pT3 rectal cancer. The results showed that PMI was significantly associated with oncological outcomes such as local recurrence, overall recurrence, and overall survival. A PMI >60% can be used as a cut-off value for subclassifying pT3 rectal tumors and may impact decision-making in adjuvant treatment and follow-up schedule.
COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Manuel Cabeza-Segura, Blanca Garcia-Mico, Marcella La Noce, Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti, Valeria Conti, Amelia Filippelli, Tania Fleitas, Andres Cervantes, Josefa Castillo, Federica Papaccio
Summary: Gastro-esophageal tumors are a significant health problem, with limited molecularly guided treatment options. Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) have shown promise in reproducing tumor characteristics and patient response to drugs, making them a valuable tool for precision medicine.
CURRENT OPINION IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
News Item
Oncology
V. Gambardella, F. Gimeno-Valiente, S. Rosello, A. Cervantes
Article
Oncology
Marta Albanell-Fernandez, Sara S. Oltra, Marta Orts-Arroyo, Maider Ibarrola-Villava, Fany Carrasco, Elena Jimenez-Marti, Andres Cervantes, Isabel Castro, Jose Martinez-Lillo, Gloria Ribas
Summary: To overcome limitations of platinum-based chemotherapy, new active metallodrugs based on other transition metals are being researched. Runat-BI, a ruthenium-based compound, showed selectivity for tumoral cells and reduced tumor growth and migration in three cancer cell lines. Its mechanism of action is related to DNA synthesis and it also increases expression of proapoptotic genes. Runat-BI has potential as an anticancer therapy, but further studies are needed to understand its full potential and mechanism of action.
Review
Oncology
Albrecht Stenzinger, Arndt Vogel, Ulrich Lehmann, Angela Lamarca, Paul Hofman, Luigi Terracciano, Nicola Normanno
Summary: Cholangiocarcinomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors with distinct genomic alterations. Next-generation sequencing is a powerful tool for identifying gene variants and guiding personalized treatment for patients with cholangiocarcinomas. Understanding the use of NGS in molecular profiling is crucial for healthcare professionals to optimize treatment outcomes.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2024)